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^  ENGLISH   EXERCISE^      " ''  • " 

>  »     »  »  J  »  , 


ADAPTED   TO 

MURRAYvS  ENliLISH  GRA^DIAH, 

CONSISTING   OF 

Exercises  in  parsing ; — Instances  of  False  Orthography  ;  Violations  oi" 
the  Rules  trf  Syntax  —Defects  in  Punctuation, 

AND 

Vwlations  of  the  Rules  respecting  perspicuous  and  accurate 
Writing. 

DESIGNED  FOR  THE    BENEFIT  OF 

PRIA^AIE  LEARNERS, 

AS  WELL  AS  FOR 

THE  U.SE  OF  SCHOOLS. 


BlLIXDLEr  MURRJV. 


rROM  THE  SEVENTEENTH  ENGLISH  EDITION, 
f}  ith  additions  and  improvements. 


UTICAx 

SAIKTXS  XyH  FUBllSHEB   BT  VTHXIlM  VfTLLlV^j 

Ne.  60  Genesee  Street. 
1819. 


*'-M 


^-.jr4A*:Vl,%  :*•• 


'■i^inV 


INTRODUOti^iSji. i'  i.'.- U i'-.i : /;. 


Tjik  piLiciples  of  knowle^l^je  become  mo«?  Intelll;:i1)]e  to  v nun 5  pcr- 
30-1S,  xhon  thc*y  arc  -^iMlaiiivid  anJ  iuciilcn-.'^l  In-  practical  iIlu'ti-;;tion  aad 
.iir.'ctiou.  Tlus  mode  of  teachin;^  is  atiiMided  r.-ith  so  maMv  a'ivant:\ges, 
that  it  caii  seai-celv  be  too  "nucli  recoranie-i'le'l,  or  pirsixed.  Insti'uciion 
■which  is  enlivened  by"  pertinent  ex?.?nples,  an;'  in  whic'.t  the  pupil  la  exer- 
bised  in  reducing  the  rules  prescribed  to  prac'.ico,  has  a  more  stri!;ing  ef- 
lect  on  the  mind,  and  is  better  adapted  to  fi\  the  attention,  and  sharpen  the 
undem-indlng,  thp.n  that  which  is  divested  of  these  aids,  and  conin^d  to 
bare  positions  and  pixcepts ;  in  which  it  too  t'reqtientlv  happens,  that  the 
learner  has  no  furtlier  conceni,  th^n  tn  read  and  repeat  them.  The  time 
and  care  employed  in  pr.tcti'^.d  applieatioi),  giveooc  vsion  to  surv<;y  the  sub- 
ject minutely,  and  in  vli'ferent  poj-.ts  of  view  ;  by  which  it  becomes  moi-e 
Ruov.n  and  familiar,  an;l  producc9  stronger  and  more  durable  impreselons. 

T  XE3E  observations  are  pccunaiiy  .ippliiable  to  llie  study  of  j^ramma:',  j'.nd 
ihe  method  of  teaching  it.  The  rules  rerpiire  fivquent  e.\i>'iaaation  j  and, 
besides  direct  eluc'dalfon,  tl»ey  admit  of  examples  erroncoasly  o.^nsiructcd, 
for  e\?rcisiug  the  vtudjnt's  sa^citj-  and  jud;;ment.  To  rectify  thvse,  at- 
tention and  reflection  are  re<jui?ite ;  and  Uie  kMOwJedc^e  of  the  ruIcMJC- 
.-•s^irily  ri'sults  fr.jm  the  s;  udy  and  c»>!Tect:on  of  tiie  sent-ncc.  IJut  these  are 
'i^t  all  t'-.c  .•idvantajjrs  which  arise  fi-m  <irammalieal  E-cercises.  I$y  dls- 
coverinp:  their  own  abilities  to  dvtcct  :m«l  amend  errors,  and  iheii*  cotise- 
(pient  i.nproveinent,  the  scholars  become  pleased  with  tli'-ir  st.idies,  andr.JXJ 
Hnin;iied  to  proceed,  ami- surmount  the  obstacles  which  <«c«-ur  in  their  pro. 
rr<  ss.  The  instructor  too  is  relieved  and  t  ueo;u"»*..Hl  ia  his  labours.  By 
discerning:  exactly  the  powers  and  improvemt-nt  of  liis  pupils,  he  percnis-es 
the  prn)i.T  season  for  advajieing  Lheni;  and  by  obser%in»the  points  in 
w  hich  tliLV  are  deficient,  he  knows  pit-ciscly  where  to  apply  his  dircctious 
i.'d  evpiatiations. 

Tur.s;;  cousidci-ations  have  induced  th."  Compiler  to  collect  and  an'anj'e 
R  variety  of '.M-roneous  examples,  adapitnl  to  the  d:ir-renl  rules  anrl  inslrue- 
'ivi  f  of  l'np:!i"'h  Cirammar,  and  to  the  principK  s  of  perspicuous  aitd  accurate 
ritinj;;.  It  hasj.ot  indeed  l)eeu  usuid,  to  laake  (JrH'uniat:c.\l  Kx.ux-ises,  iu 
rur  lanjjua'^',  vcn.'  numerous  and  ext"i.si\e ;  but  if  the  iiupoitanco  and  use- 
'ulneps  of  tlieiu  be  as  !;r<-Jit  as  thty  ai*e  conceiv^-d  to  be,  no  apology  will 
be  Tifcessary  for  the  Ltrge  field  of  employment,  wljich  the  following  v.rirk 
pr^se::ts  to' die  student  of  Kn.ilish  (irammar.  VC  he  be  detained  longer 
than  is  common  in  this  part  of  his  studies,  the  probable  resultof  it,  an  accui-ate 
an  i;ititi)ate  knowlidj;e  of  the  subject,  will  constitute  an  ample  r  .compeuee. 

TiiK  rradcr  will  perceive  tliat  some  of  the  rules  and  objenations,  under 
ihe  part  of  Svntax,  contain  a  much  greater  number  cf  exaiv.ples  than  otli- 
Pi's.  This  has  arisen  fiY)m  the  suj.eritr  imporlanco  of  tliosc  rules,  an:l 
Ij'om  t!je  variety  rerpiisite  to  Illustrate  them  properly.  \V'hen  a  fv- w  bi- 
st.inces  afford  suHicient  priCtic'j  on  the  rule,  tiie  sttulent  is  not  fatigued  witli 
a  r^'petlt ion  of  examples,  which  would  cast  iiontw  Hg! it  t«j  the  subject. 

Iv  selecting  the  instances  of  false  conatruction,  tlie  Compiler  has  studied 
to  avoid  thos.;  that  are  glai-ingly  erroneous,  a:id  to  lix  upo.:\  sucW  orily  rs 
t'.'vqiu-ntlv  occur  in  writing  or  sjK-aking.  If  there  be  any  of  a  dirfcrent  coru- 
Ttlesit^i^i'  Is  prcsuiVied' tliat  they  ait  but  few,  and  tliat  they  wil  be  fui.Li:? 


r>i^4t4 


InfroducHoii, 

• 


ap- 

un- 
m 


y'^-<«'i*-sl]pRil;to  the'sufcortViii^fitCiixi^es  in  the?  Grammar. 

• ''•  «^^'ii^a'i.»''ot*aie  cxahiplcs  contain  several  errors  in  Hxe  same  sentence, 
-ur.d -ome  of  Lhem  admit  oi"  various  constractions  in  amending  them,  it  has 
'"icen  thought  proper  to  puhlish  a  Kkt  for  ascertaining  all  the  corrections  ; 
and  ths  has  b'v-en  the  more  expedient  from  the  work's  being  designed  for 
».he  henefit  of  private  learners,  as  vrcll  as  for  the  use  of  schools.  I'he  Key 
t:)  the  part  of  ^)'ihogitiphy  might  have  h.2\m  omitted,  had  not  some  of  the 
^i^entenc^s  contained  so  luany  words  crrotieously  spelled,  as  to  render  it  prob- 
■j}Ac  that  several  of  them  would,  in  that  case,  have  been  inadvertently  pass- 
ed over.-  especially  by  persons  A\ho  may  not  have  the  advantage  of  a  tutor. 
In  tormhig  the  Key,  it  appeared  to  be  more  eligible,  to  repeat  the  senten- 
ces at  large,  with  their  con-ections,  than  simply  to  exhibit  the  amendments 
^y  themselves.-  In  the  mode  adopted,  the  work  has  a  more  regulai'  and 
■Uniform  appeai'ance ;  the  correspoiident  pajts  may  be  more  readily  compa- 
red; and  die  propriety  of  tlie  corrections  will  be  more  apparent  and  stri- 
ting. 

l!)r  a  work  which  consists  entirely  of  examples,  and  witii  which  the  leam- 
ri-s  will,  consequently,  he  mncli  occupied  and  impressed,  the  Compiler 
Y/oidd  have  deemed  himself  culnahle,  liad  he  exhibited  such  sentences  as 
contained  ideas  inapplicable  to  voimg  min''s  or  winch  wei*e  of  a  trivii*!  or  in- 
jurious nature.  He  has,  t;icrefoi*e,  been  solicitous  to  avoid  all  exceptionable 
inaltcr ;  t.-.d  to  improve  his  work,  by  blending  moral  and  useful  obsci'va- 
tions  with  Grammatical  stmUes.  E',  en  sentiments  of  a  pious  and  religious  na- 
ture, have  not  been  thought  improper  to  be  occasionally  inserted  in  these 
lixercises.  'I  he  undcj-scanding  and  sensibility  of  youvig  persons,  are  much 
imdei'ratcd  by  those  v.  ho  think  theni  mcapable  of  compi-ehending  and  rel- 
ishing tliis  kind  of  histiniction.  The  sense  and  love  of  goodness  :;re  early 
and  deeply  implai.ted  in  the  human  mind-;  and  often,  by  their  infant  ener- 
gies, surprise,  the  intelligent  observer; — why,  then,  should  not  these  emo- 
tions find  their  proper  support  ar.d  incentives,  among  the  elements  of  leani- 
iligi'  Congenial  sentiments,  thus  dispcsed,  besides  making  permanent  im- 
pressions, may  serve  to  cherish  and  expand  tliose  generous  princi^iies ;  or, 
t^t  least,  to  pre])ai-e  them  for  regidar  operation,  at  a  futme  period.  The  ur»- 
jKjrtance  of  exhibiting  to  the  youthful  mind,  the  deformities  of  vice  ;  and  of 
giving  it  just  and  animating  views  of  pict}"  and  virtue,  make  it  not  only  war- 
nmtable,  but  our  duty  rdso,  to  embrace  eveiy  proper  occasion  to  promote, 
in  tuiy  degree,  these  valuable  ends. 

In  presenting  die  l$;a-ncr  with  so  gi'cat  a  number  of  examples,  it  was  dif- 
jicult  to  preserve  them  from  too  much  uniformity.  The  Compiler  has, 
iiOv ever,  been  studious  to  give  them  an  arrangement  and  diveisity,  as- 
agreeable  as  the  nature  of  the  subject  would  admit ;  and  to  render  them  vts 
ifH'estiiig,  a&  well  as  intelligilde  aud  instructive,  to  young  pe^S0JlS^ 

Hc'ld<>:,lc^,  near  York,  170T. 


AI)VERTISEMi:XT 

TO  TUE   SKTEN-TK   EBltrOSi'.*  ' 

Tke  Author  of  this  \olvimc  of  Exercise^,  pVVc^ivii.{g,lhat  H  l\^i  ^e,e?i  4veji 
received  by  the  public,  and  that  the  deumnd'lbfii  still' cbutiitueS 't*  J-m-. 
crease,  has  felt  it  incumbent  upon  hira  to  give  the  seventh  edition  every  1113- 
provenient  in  his  power,  without  enhancir.g  the  price  of  liie  hook. 

Besides  expunging  some  obscure  and  uninteresting  scjitences  ;  inserting 
a  number  of  examples  adapted  to  tJie  lat'^st  improvements  m  t!ie  gnunmnr  ; 
SHid  adding  to  the  Syntax  many  useful  exerci&es  ;  he  has  subjoined  to  the 
part  designed  to  promote /»er*;/'ir7/<)?/«  ond  accurate  ivritin^,  a  «holc  chap- 
ter (twelve  pages)  of  promiscuous  exercises,  1  eculiariy  adapted  to  this  snl-- 
ject.  As  every  oUier  general  division  of  the  bo<jk  was  pro\ided  with  ;i 
chapter  of  this  natur<*,  it  is  presimied  tliat  tt  achers  and  private  L-tudents 
w  ill  apju-ove  of  an  edition  so  necessaiy  to  complete  the  plan  ot  the  w  ork. — 
It  is  calculated,  at  or.ce,  to  confirm  the  learner  in  ])erspicuous  and  r.ccurate 
writinjr,  and  to  im])rove  his  taste  for  elegant  composition. 

In  all  tlie  additional  exercises  to  this  part  of  the  book,  the  author  has 
been  careful  to  exhibit  no  inaccuracies  but  such  as  ai-e  fix-cpiently  foej.d  in 
respectable  writivgs.  The  display  of  vulgar  and  glaring  erroi^,  Avhich  no 
persons  of  e<i  ication  e>er  commit,  w  ould  not  be  proper  for  a  work  of  Uiis 
nature,  and  could  not  fail  to  proiluce  dis;ipprcbatiou  and  disgust, 

•  Tlie  improvements  made  in  the  eighth  edition,   consisf,    chiefy,    of 
•*  Gfnierat  Dii-ectiovs  for  usinir  the  iJxtrawjf,"  and  of  a  neyp,  enhirged 
syi'tf'n  (f  Kxe^ci''c?  in  J'cl^^siJt^'  ^ 


j^^^: 


/.  . '  ^-  w.: :  /  •  1  i^^EF tISEMENT 

•  «  p  3      •  •     • 

TO  TTIE   TEVTII    KDITIO>'. 

O.TE  of  tlie  crJef  improvements,  made  in  the  tenih  edition,  crtl  15  wnrlc^ 
(Xjiisists  in  the  adaptation  of  it,  tlironghuut,  f)  a:j  objective  case  of  ■.::!. >,.— 
This  tv^ii  was  adopted  in  xheivj-fth  c-I'.tioii  ofthe  iira.nmar;and  it'ii  u^e«e« 
f^oiv  j.idispenSRbie,  tli.t  t-'c  E^vsrciscs  should  conform  to  the  aUAration.* 

As  there  are  soiue  teach'-rs,  who  doubt  the  propriety  of  pres.-ati'ij^-  e^;< 
rrclses  of  bad  Kngiirrh  to  youth  of  the  jiuiior  cla-sses,  it  seems  proper  in 
tliis  plae^,  to  make  a  few  observations  on  the  su  :j;ct. 

'J "he  author  is  persuaded,  that  exercises  of  this  nature  cannot  i)e  too  scon 
en^iaged  in,  by  the  student  of  (jranimar.  Simple  rulvs,  and  examjdis  of 
rectitude,  make  light  impression,  coinpaiX;d  with  the  effect  of  contrast,  n 
which  errors  andcorrectlone  as^e  opposed  to  each  otiier,  A  ciiild  geiieraily 
cees  J.nd  hears  so  many  rnstiuicts  of  error.eous  construction,  that,  unU;ss 
he  is  early  taught  to  d'-iAinj^ii J;  and  correct  tJi em,  his  imitative  powers  v,ill 
be  more  intiuenc-jd  by  en'ovthan  by  rectitude.  Besides,  ciiikh'en,  in  de- 
tec  Jng  and  amending  errors,  feel  ilieu' own  po-wtrs  ;  and  however  si. lall 
the  exei-cise  may  be,  it  is  a  most  pleasing  aiul  animi-ting  incentive  to  appii^ 
cation  and  studv.  Wliat  tliey  learn  in  tins  v/ay,  Aviil  not  only  gratify  tliem  ; 
:"'.  Aviil  ;dso  improve  tkeir  ju('.ginent  csiA  sagacity,  and  be  long  and  accurately 
remembered. 

Oil  these  grounds,  it  is  evident,  that  the  practice  of  correcting  en-ors, 
t^muld  be  introduced  into  the  eai'iy  stages  of  grammatical  studies.  Instead 
•jf  exposing  C; vildren  to  "  th  -  da'iger  of  evil  commimication"  fis  some  inge- 
^.ious  pvrsoiis  have  supposed,  it  seems  to  he  the  best  means  of  teaching  them, . 
xirst,  to  discover  the  iiTcgulariues,  and  then,  to  avoid  the  contagion,  of  bad 
examples. 


*  See  the 
Qi  pag-ej  40 


reasons  in   fnror-'^f  an   Objective  Ca.^e  for  KnsfUsh  noims, 
I,  41 ,   42,  of  u'ie  l^weUih,  or  any  sxibsequent  edition  of  tbe^ 


ADVERTISEMENT  . 

'rO  THE  TW5UFTU   EUITIOK". 

TiiE  rc'Hf'cr  wiii  perceive,  that  a  number  of  Notes  &na  Critlcnl  Discns- 
sions  has  been  iiiiertod  in  appropriate  -.artscf  the  F-xei^cises  and  the  Key. 
Tliis  M'as  occasioLted  by  theGranimar'shavijsgbeenye^?//?,  and  not  admitting 
ofenlargenierit  wichcut  an  advanceof  its  price.  'I'he  author  has,  bower,  ta- 
ken care  to  nia'iie  proper  references,  under  the  correspondent  rules  in  tho 
Crayni.jur,  to  all  those  additional  notes  and  discussioiss.  To  this  mode  of 
supplying  improve ments,  the  readei' "will  have  the  kss  objection,  -^%hen  he. 
considers,  tliat  Uic  Exercises  and  the  Key  are  necessaiy  appendages  to  the 
GiT.inniar ;  and  soiTC  to  illustrate  and  eixforce,  as  wtU  as  to  extend,  its  rule* 
anfl  pi.''>ition!?.  The  three  volumes  are  indeed  intimately  connected;  and^ 
coi  stilute  one  unifonn  system  of  English  (irammar. 

To  the  Tenth  edition  of  the  Key,  tlie  Author  has  added  an  ApologeticaV 
Preface,  accounting  for  the  additions  and  vaxiations,  which  ai"e  to  be  found 
ill  t!»e  diffi-rettt  editions  of  his  urammatioal  uoiks.  He  has  also  annexed  to 
tl>at  edition  of  the  Key,  a  copious  ./ilhh'ibetical  Indtx  to  tlie  Grammar,.- 
tht'  Exorcists,  and  Vie  Key:  a  work  wh  ch  he  flattei-s  liimseli' Avill  be  gen- 
t  rally  ust-fnl ;  and  partcularly  avcept:d)le  to  students  who  have  made  s<>ni*= 
91-oyrceb  iu  the  kiiowlfcd^e  cf  ^lanaua: . 


GENERAL  DIRECTIONS 

FOR   USI^^G   THE   EXERCISES. 

1.  As  30oa  as  the  learner  has  committed  to  memory,  the  definitions  c/the 
article  and  suhstanlive,  as  expressed  in  the  grammar,  he  should  be  employ- 
ed in  parsing  diose  parts  of  speech,  as  they  are  arranged  in  tliis  volume  of 
the  exercises. 

2.  The  learner  should  proceed,  in  this  manner,  through  all  the  definitions' 
of  the  parts  of  speech  contained  in  Etymolog}-,  regularly  pai'sing  the  exei-- 
cises  on  one  definition,  before  he  applies  to  another. 

3.  As  the  pupil  will  then  be  able  to  undenstand  all  the  rules  in  Orthogra- 
phy, he  shoidd  be  directed  to  coiTect,  in  rcguko*  order,  the  oithographicitl 
exei-cises  attached  to  the  pailicular  iides. 

4.  In  this  t.tage  of  his  progress,  he  may  vary  his  employment,  by  occa- 
sionally parsing  the  pi'omiscuous  fexei-cises,  contained  in  the  ninth  section  of 
tlie  chapter  of  Ktymological  Parsing,  and  by  wi-iting  the  ploi'ak  of  nouns, 
&c.  in  the  eighth  section  of  the  same  chaptei'. 

5.  When  the  first  nile  of  S\'ntax  is  committed  to  n^^mory,  the  coitcs- 
po'ulent  exercise  in  pan-ing,  should  be  performed.  Then  the  sentence  of 
false  Syntax,  under  the  rule,  should  be  connected,  in  writing.  In  this  man- 
ner, botli  as  to  parsing  and  con-ectbrg,  all  :he  rules  of  Syntax  should  be 
treated,  ])roceeding  regularly  according  to  their  order.  The  pupil  may 
now  be,  occasionally,  employed  in  correcting  the  promiscuous  exercises  in 
Oit';oi7i"aphy. 

6.  The  preceding  directions  (except  those  upon  Orihogi'aphy)  respect 
only  the  leading  rales  of  the  Grammar,  which  are  printed  m  the  larger 
tvpe.  When  the  exercises  on  those  general  rules  are  completed,  and  not 
before,  the  learner  is  to  applv  to  the  first  subordinate  rule,  contained  in  tlie 
smaller  ts-pe.  H  ■  is  to  read  it  very  attentively,  assisted  by  the  teacher's  ex- 
planations; and  afterwards  correct,  in  -wTiting,  the  false  construction  of  tlie 
exercises  belonging  tO  it.  Thus,  he  ia  to  proceed,  rule  by  rule,  till  the 
whole  is  finisherL*  The  learner  should  now  be,  occasionally,  employed  in 
parsing  the  promiscuous  exercises,  contained  in  the  eighth  section  of  the 
chajjteron  Svntactieal  Parsing. 

^  7.  \^'hen  the  student  has  corrected  all  the  exercises  approprkted  to  tlie 
pai-ticulai-  loiles,  he  shoidd  regulaiiy  proceed  to  rect'fy  the  promi;vCuou3 
Exercises,  in  svntax  and  punctuaticai.  In  this  employ,  he  should  write  over 
each  eoj-rection,  the  number  of  the  inile,  principal  or  subordinate,  by  which: 
he  conceives  the  correction  ought  to  be  made. 

8.  After  this  progress,  the  leai'ner  will  be  qualified  to  enter  on  the  Exer- 
cises respecting  perspicuous  and  accm-ate  writing.  In  this  part,  he  is  to  pro- 
ceed in  a  manner  as  similar  to  the  preceding  directions,  as  the  subject  will 
admit. 

9.  When  all  the  Exercises  have  been  I'egularly  corrected,  in  -writing;  it 
-^vould  tend  to  perfect  the  pupil's  knowledge  of"  the  rules,  and  to  give  hiiu 

*  The  pipil  ought  to  review  ei'ery  leading  rule,  and  a^ain  recfift/  a 
/■-a*  of  the  neiitences  vnder  it,  bcffjrefw  eixtsrft  an  its  suboviiinate  iksI^s  and 


General  Direction^.  9 

aa  habitual  dexterity  in  applying  them,  if  he  were  occasionalbr  desired  t* 
oorrect,  verbaliif,  erroneous  sentences  purposely  st-lected  from  diftereni; 
parts  of  the  hook ;  to  recite  the  laUes  by  which  they  are  cjoverned  ;  Jiud,  iri 
his  o"wn  language,  to  detail  tlie  reasons  on  whitli  the  corrections  are  foimd- 
ed.  The  following  examples  will  give  the  student  an  idea  of  the  manner^ 
in  which  he  is  to  make  tiie  vtrbal  corrections. 

"The  man  is  prudent  which  speaks  little.'* 

This  sentence  isincoiTect;  because  ivhich  is  a  pronoun  of  tlie  neute^ 
gender,  and  does  not  agree  in  gender  with  its  antecedent  man  which  is 
rar,3culine.  Rut  a  pronoun  shoidd  agi-^e  with  its  a»-tecedcnt,  in  geiderj. 
fic.  according  to  the  fifth  rvde  of  Syntax.  Which  should  therefore  hc-who^ 
a.  relative  pronoun,  agreeing  with  its  antecedent  man  ;  and  the  sentence 
ihould  stand  thus  :  "  The  man  is  prurient,  ~vho  speaks  little." 

"After  I  visited  Europe,  I  returned  to  Anier  ca." 

This  sentence  is  not  con'ect ;  because  t]ie  verb  vivted  is  in  the  imperfect 
tense,  and  yet  used  here  to  express  an  action,  nrit  or.ly  past,  but  prior  to  the 
time  referred  to  by  the  Verb  returned,  to  wbicb  il  relates.  By  the  thir- 
teenth nde  of  Syntax,  v,  hen  verbs  aiv  used  th'at,  in  point  of  time,  relatt-  to 
each  other,  the  onlt-r  of  time  should  b  obscrvt  d.  The  iirperfrct  tense 
visited,  should,  therefore,  h:;ve  been  hud  vi»\'ed,  in  the  pUiperfect  ttnse^ 
representing  the  action  of  visiting;  not  only  as  past,  but  also  as  pi  lor  to  the 
time  of  retiiminif.  Th*--  sentence  cotT<  cted  would  stand  tims  :  "  Aft*  i  I 
had  visited  Kui'ope,  I  returned  to  America. 

*'  This  was  the  cause  which  fii"st  gave  rise  to  such  a  bai'barous  practice."" 

This  sentence  is  inaccurate.  The  words ^rj»/  and  vice  have  here  the 
same  meaning;  an'l  the  woni  such  is  not  properly  ap])lied.  This  \v(-i-d 
sl<riiifies  of  that  kind ,•  but  the  imtlior  <io^-s  not  refer  to  a  kin<i  or  sjh  c'.a  of 
l8ai  bstrity.  He  n>eauv  a  de^iy^e  of  it :  and  therefore  tl^e  word  *o,  iiist;  .«f  t^ 
such,  ought  to  have  l;een  used.  The  werds  cuy'te  and  ^otp  rise,  aie  :'lsa 
tautological:  one  of  them  shcuh',  c?  ns<",u  ntly  be  oi.iiit  i\.  The  sentence 
corrected  would  stand  thus  :  *'This  wj-s  the  original  ctiuse  of  Robarbiircus 
a  practice  :"  or,  "of  a  practioc*  so  barhmf.as." 

10.  As  ])arsii!g  is  an  ex<'rc  se  of  great  importance  to  the  pupil,  it  should 
\e  continued  regularly,  through  tlie  wl  ole  coui'se  of  his  giaiinirtticsl  iu« 
jtruction. 

11.  To  the  learner  T^ho  has  not  the  aid  of  a  teacher,  tlie  A'tnf  is  indis])eu- 
sable.  liut  '.t  slio  d,  on  no  ccciision,  be  consnlte'!,  t'-li  the  sentence  \vhich 
i&to  be  rectified;  haa  bc'ji  ><cll  considered,  iind  rectiveU  the  Icju-ncr's  Uts: 
'lorrcct'vu. 


lEXKRCISES. 

PART  I. 

EXERCISES  IN  PARSING. 


CHAP*  I. 

E3CEIICISES    IN    PARSING,    AS    IT    RESPECTS    ETYMOLO^ 

ALONE. 
See  the  Grammar,  p.21i, 

SECT.  I. 

ETYMOLOGICAL    PARSING   TABLE. 

TV  HAT  part  of  Speech  ? 
I.  Jn  article.     AVhatkind?  Wliy? 
Q.  Ji  snhstantive.      Common  or    proper?    What  gender? 

Number?  Cpsc  r  Why? 
$.  K^ji  adjective.     What  degree  of  comparison  ?    To  what 

does  it  belonj^?  Why  an  adjective? 

4.  Jiproronn.     What  kind?  Person?  Gender?  Number? 

Case?  Why? 

5.  A  verb.     What  kind?  Mood  ?  Tense  ?    Number?    Per- 

son?   Why?    If   a  participle,    \Nhy?    Active  or 
passive  ? 

6.  An  adverb.     Why  is  it  an  adverb  ? 

7.  A  preposition.    Why  a  preposition  r 

8.  A  conjunction.     Whv? 

9.  An  interjection*    W^hy  ? 


42 


'ENGLISH    EXERCISES?. 


SECT.  II. 

Specimen  of  Etymological  Parsing, 

"  Hope  animates  us." 

Hove  is  a  common  substantive,  of  the  neuter  gender,  the 
third  person,  in  the  singular  nnu.ber,  and  the  nominative 
case,  [^Dectine  the  substahtii'er\  Animates  is  a  regular  verb 
ac'ive.  m  iicative  mood,  present  tense,  third  porson  singular. 

JBepeot  tfip  present  tensey  the  imperfect  tense,  and  the  per- 
ect  pan  icipte  ;  and  soinetimes  conjugate  the  verb  entirely.'] 
Us  is  a  personal  monoun,  first  person  plural, and  in  theob- 
jective  case.     \_Deciine  the  pronoun.'] 

"  A  peaceful  mind  is  virtue's  regard." 

^  is  the  indefinite  article.  Peaceful  is  an  adjective.-^ 
{^Reveat  the  degrees  of  comparison.']  Mind  is  a  commoni 
substantive,  of  the  neuter  gender,  the  third  person,  in  the 
singular  number,  and  the  nominative  case^  [decline  the 
substantivpJ\  Is  is  an  irregular  verb  neuter,  indicative 
irsdod,  present  tense,  and  the"  third  person  singular.  [i?0- 
jpent  the  present  tense,  the  imperfect  teme,  and  the  partici- 
ple ;  and  occasionally  conjugate  the  verb  entirely.]  Vir- 
tue's is  a  common  substantive,  of  the  neuter  gender,  the 
third  person,  in  ihe  singular  number,  and  the  possessive  case. 
{Decline  the  substantive.!  Reward  is  a  coram  on  substantive 
of  the  neuter  gender,  the  third  person,  in  the  singular 
number,  and  the  nominative  case. 

SECT.  III. 

t^rticle  and  Substantive, 


h  bush 

A  ti  ee 

A  flower 

An  apple 

An  orange 

An  abbess 

An  owl 

A  bui'ding 

The  weavers*  company 

Europe 

Aa  almond 


A  hood 
A  house 
A  hunter 
An  hour 
An  honour 
An  hostler 
The  garden 
The  rainbow 
The  clouds 
The  scholars*  duty 
The  horizon 
The  fields 


Parsing. 


Virtu  R 

The  vices 

Temperance 

A  variety 

George 

The  Rhine 

A  prince 

A  rivulet 

The  Humber 

Gregory 

The  Pope 

An  inclination 

The  undertaking 

Penelope 

Constancy 

An  entertainment 

A  fever 

The  stars 

A  comet 

A  miracle 

A  prophecy 

Depravity 

The  constitution 

The  laws 

Beauty 

A  consumption 

The  sciences 

Yorkshire 

The  planets 

The  sun 

A  volwme 

Parchment 

The  pens 


A  disposition 

Benevolence 

An  oversight 

A  design 

The  governess 

An  orrj  anient 

The  girl's  school 

A  grammar 

Mathematics 

The  elements 

An  earthquake 

The  king's  prerogative 

Africa 

The  continent 

Roundness 

A  declivity 

Blackness  • 

An  elevation 

The  concjueror 

An  Alexander 

Wisdom 

America 

The  Caesars 

The  Thames 

A  riverl 

The  shadows 

A  vacancy 

The  hollow 

An  idea 

A  \\bim 

Something 

Notliing 


SECT.  IV. 

Article,  Jldjective,  and  Substantive- 


A  good  heart. 
A  wise  head. 
A  strong  body. 
An  obedient  son. 
A  diligent  scholar. 
A  happy  parent. 


B 


Shady  trees. 
A  fragrant  11  owe r. 
The  verdant  fields. 
A  peaceful  mind. 
Composed  thoughts. 
A  serene  aspect. 


14 


English  Exercises, 


All  affable  deportment. 
The  wliistlin^  winds. 
A  dignified  character.  I 
|,  A  pleasing  address. 
An  open  countenance. 
The  candid  reasoner.  f 
Fair  proposals. 
A  mutual  agreement,  \ 
A  plain  narrative. 
An  historical  fiction. 
Relentless  war. 
An  obdurate  heart. 
Tempestuous  passions. 
A  temper  unhappy. 
A  sensual  mind. 
The  babbling  brook. 
A  limpid  stream. 
The  devious  walk. 
A  winding  canal. 
The  serpentine  river. 
.\  melancholy  fact. 
An  interesting  history. 
A  happier  life. 
The  woodbine's  fragrance- 
A  cheering  prospect. 
\n  affectionate  parent. 
A  boisterous  sea. 
The  howling  tempest. 
A  gloomy  cavern. 
Rapid  streams. 
Unwholesome  dews. 
A  severe  winter. 
A  useless  drone. 
The  industrious  bees. 
Harmless  doves. 
The  careless  ostrich. 
The  dutiful  stork. 
The  spacious  firmament. 
Cooling  breezes. 
A  woman  amiable. 


A  free  government. 

The  diligent  farmer. 

A  fruitful  field. 

The  crowning  harvest, 

A  virtuous  conflict. 

A  final  reward. 

Peaceful  abodes. 

The  noblest  prospect, 

A  profligate  life. 

A  miserable  end. 

Regions  gloomy. 

An  incomprehensible  subject 

A  controverted  point. 

The  cool  sequestered  vale. 

A  garden  enclosed. 

The  ivy  mantled  tower. 

Virtue's  fair  form. 

A  mahogany  table. 

Sweet-scented  myrtle.^ 

A  resolution  wise,  nobk,  dis- 
interested. 

An  harmonious  sound. 

Fruit  delicious. 

The  sweetest  incense. 

An  odorous  garden. 

The  sensitive  plant. 

A  convenient  mansion. 

Warm  clothing. 

A  temperate  climate. 

Wholesome  aliment. 

Consolation's  lenient  hand. 

A  better  world. 

A  cheerful  good  old  man. 

A  silver  tea-urn. 

Tender-looking  charity. 

My  brother's  wife's  niother. 

A  book  of  my  friend's. 

An  animating  well-founded 
hope. 


Parsing, 
SECT.  V. 

Pronoun  and  Verb,  Sfc, 


15 


I  am  sincere. 

Thou  art  industrious. 

He  is  disinterested. 

"We  honour  them. 

You  encourage  us. 

They  commend  her. 

Thou  dost  improve. 

He  assisted  me. 

We  completed  our  journey. 

Our  hopes  did  flatter  us. 

They  have  deceived  me. 

Your  expectati(»n  has  failed. 

The  accident  had  happened. 

He  had  resigned  himself. 

Their  fears  will  detect  them. 

You  shall  submit. 

They  will  obey  us. 

Good  humour  shall  prevail. 

He  will  have  determined. 

We  shall  have  agreed. 

Let  me  depart. 

Do  you  instruct  him. 


was  his  hicthest  praise. 

Promoting  others'  welfare, 
they  advanced  their  own  in- 
terest. 

He  lives  respected. 

Having  resigned  his  ofiice,  he 
retired. 

Prepare  your  lessons* 

Let  him  consider. 

Let  us  improve  ourselves. 

We  have  been  rewarded. 

She  had  been  admired. 

Virtue  will  be  rewarded. 

The  person  will  have  been  ex- 
ecuted, when  the  pardon  ar- 
rive?. 

Let  him  be  animated. 

Be  you  entreated. 

Let  them  be  prepared. 

It  can  be  enlarged. 

You  may  be  discovered. 

He  miirht  be  convinced. 


I  have  searched,  I  have  found  It  would  be  caressed. 

it.  I  may  have  been  deceived. 

They  searched  those  rooms ; 

he  was  gone. 


They 


Know  yourselves. 

Let  them  advance. 

They  may  oflend. 

I  can  forgive. 

He  might  surpass  them. 

We  could  overtake  him. 

I  would  be  happy. 

You  should  repent. 

He  may  have  deceived  me. 

They  may  have  forj;otttn. 


might  have  been  hon- 
oured. 

To  be  trusted,  we  must  be 
virtuous. 

To  have  been  admired,  avail- 
ed him  little. 

Ridiculed,  despised,  persecu- 
ted, he  maintained  nis  prin- 
ciples. 

Being  reviled  we  bless. 

Having  been  deserted,  he  be- 


came discouraged. 
Thou  mightst  have  improved.  The  sight  being  new,  he  star- 
We  should  have  considered         tied. 
To  see  the  sun  is  pleasant.      This  uncouth  figure  startled 
To  live  well  is  honourable.  him. 

To  have  conquered  himself  They  are  discouraged. 


^6  English  Exercises. 

He  was  condemned.  It  was  neither. 

The  book  is  his  ;  it  was  mine.  Hers  is  finished,  thine  is  to 

These  are  jours,  those  are  do. 

ours.  This  is  what  I  feared. 

Our  hearts  are  deceitful.  That  is  the  thing  which  I  de- 

Your  conduct  met  their  ap-       sired. 

probation.  Who  can  preserve  himself? 

None  met  who  could  avoid  it.  Whosf^^  books  are  these  ? 
His  esteem  is  my  honour.         Whom  have  we  served  ? 
Her  work  does  her  credit.         Some    are   negligent,   others 
Each  must  answer  the  ques-      industrious. 

tion.  One  may  deceive  one's  self. 

Every  heart  knows  its  own  All  have  a  talent  to  improve. 

sorrows.  Can  any  dispute  it.^ 

Which  was  his  choice  ?  Such  is  our  condition. 

SECT.  VI. 

•Adverb,  Preposition^  Conjunt^ion,  and  Interjection, 

I  have  seen  him  once^,  per-  He  is  little  attentive,  nay,  ab- 

haps  twice.  solutely  stupid. 

0 !  the  humiliation  to  which  We  in  vain  look  for  a  path, 

vice  reduces  us.  between  virtue  and  vice. 

riiinlly  and  lastly,  I   shall  He  lives  within  his  income. 

conclude.  The  house  w^as  sold  at  a  great 
This  plant  is  found  here^  and       price,  and  above  its  value. 

elsewhere.  She  came  down  stairs  slow- 
Only  to-day  is  properly  ours.  ly,  but  went  briskly  up 
The  task  is  already  perform-       again. 

ed.  His  father  and  mother,  and 

We  could  not  serve  him  then,  uncle,  reside  at  Rome. 

but  we  wdll  hereafter.  W^hen  will  they  arrive  ? 

We  often  resolve  but  seldom  Where  shall  we  stop  ? 

perform.  Mentally  and  bodily,  we  are 
He  is  much  more  promising       curiously  and  wonderfully 

now  than  formerly.  formed. 

We  are  wisely  and  happily  They  travelled  thro'  France, 

dh-ected.  in  haste,  towards  Italy. 

fie  has  certainly  been  dili-  From  virtue  to  vice,  the  pro- 
gent,  and  he  will  probably       gress  is  gradual. 

succeed.  By  diligence  and  frugality 
How  sweetly  the  birds  sing  !  we  arrive  at  compcten- 
Why  art  thou  so  heedless.''        cy. 


Parsinp  V 

We  ^  are  often    below     our  Though  he  is  often  advised 

wishes,   and   above  our  de-  yet  he  does  not  reform. 

sert.  Reproof  either  softens,  or  har- 

Some  things  make   for  him,  dens,  its  object. 

others  against  him.  Thoaiih  he  is  lively,  yet  he  is 

By  this   imprudence,  he  was  not  volatile. 

plunged   into  new   difiicul-  O  peace  !  how  desirable  thou 

ties.  ^^^  ' 

Withoat  the  aid  of  charity,  he  ^^i^ve  been  often   occupied, 

supported  liimself  with  cred-  alas !  with  trifles. 

it.  Strange!  that  we  should  be 

Of  his  talents  much   mi»ht  be  soinf.tuated. 

said;  concerning  his  ititegri-  If  lie  has  pro-nised,  he  should 

ty,  nothing.  act  accordingly. 

On  all  occasions,  she  behaved  She  will  transgress, unless  she 

with  propriety.  be  admonished. 

Neither  prosperity,  nor  ad ver-  If  he   were  encouraged,    he 

sitT,  lias  improved  him.  would  amend. 

He  can  acquire  no  virtue,  un-  Though   he  condemn   me,   I 

less  he   nake  some  sacrifices,  will  respect  him. 

Let  him  that   standeth,  take  ^'l^^Mr  talents   are  more  bril- 

heed  lest  he  fall.  Hint  th  .n  useful, 

if  thou    wert    his    superior,  ^Notwithstanding  his  poverty, 

thou     shouldst     not     have  ^e  is  a  wise  and  worthy  per- 

boasted.  son. 

He  will  be  detected,  though  I^our  desires  are  moderate, 

he  denv  the  fact.  o"r  wants  will  be  ft  w. 

Me  must  be  temp.rate,  if  we  H  pe  ofi  >n  amuses,  but  sel- 

would  be  tiealthy.  dom  satisfies  us. 
He  is  as  old  as  his  classmate.  Hark!  how  sweetly  the  wood- 
but  not  so  learned.  lark  sings  ! 
Charles  is   est.-emd  because  Ah  the  d-lnsions  of  hopp. 

he  is  both  discreet  and  be-  Hail,  s-n  «licity!     source  of 

nevolent  genuine  joy. 

We  will  -tay  till  he  arrives.  Reiiold  I    haw   pleasant  it  is 

He  retires   to  rest  soun,  that  ^^^  b  -ethren  to  dwell  togeth- 

he  may  rise  early.  er  in  -mity! 

We  ought  ^o  be  ^^iMkful.  for  W-icom«-    igain  !    my    long 

we  have  icceivcd  much.  lost  friend, 

B:2 


ig  English  Exercises* 

SECT.  VII. 

J  few  instancesof  the  same  word's  constituting  several  of 
the  parts  of  speech. 

Calm  was  the  day,  and  the  The  desire  of  getting  more  is 

scene  drlightFul.  rarfly  -.atisfied. 

We  may  expect  a  calm  after  He  has  e(|ual  knowledge,  but 

a  storm.  inferior  judgment 

To  prevent  passion,  is  easier  She  is  his  inferior  in  sense, 

than  to  calm  it.  but  his  equal  in  prudence. 

Better  is  a  litt't  with  content,  Every  being  loves  its  like. 

than  a  great  deal    v.itli  anx-  We  must  make  a  like   space 

ietj.  between  the  lines. 

He   laboured  to  still   the  tu-  Soft  bodies   damp  the  sound 

mult.  u  uch  more  than  hard  ones; 

Still   waters  are    commonly  Tho*  she  is  rich  and  fair,  yet 

deepest.  she  is  not  amiable. 

Damp  air  is  unwholesome.        Th  y    are  yet  young,    .and 
Guilt  often  casts  a  damp  over      uiust    suspend    their  judg- 

our  sprightliest  hours.  ment  yet  a  while. 

The  gay  and  dissolute  think  Behave  yourselves  like  u»en. 

little  of  the  miseries,  which  We  are  too  apt  to  like  perni- 

are  stealing  softly  after  them,     cious  company. 
A  little  attention  will  rectify  He  may  go  or  stay  as  he  likes. 

some  errors.  They  strive  to  learn. 

Though  he  is   out  of  danger,  He  ^oes  to  and  fro. 

he  is  still  afraid.  To  his   wisdom   we  owe   our 

Many  persons  are  better  than     priveleo;e. 

we  suppose  them  to  be.  The  proportion  is  ten  to  one. 

The  few   and  the  many  have  He  has  served  them  with  his 

their  prepossessions.  utmost  ability. 

Few  days  pass  without  some  When  we  do  our  utmost,  no 

clouds.  more  is  required. 

Much  money  is  corrupting.       I  will  submit,  for  I  know  sub- 
Think  much,  and  speak  little,     mission  brings  peace. 
Ht    has   seen   much   of    the   It  is  for  our  health  to  be  tem- 

world,  and  been   much  car-     perate. 

fcssed  O!  for  better  times. 

His  years  are  more  than  hers ;   1  have  a  regard  for  him. 

but  he  has  not  more  knowl-  He  is  esteemed,  both  on  his 

♦'^'ge*  own  account,  and  on  that  of 

The  more  we  are  blessed,  the     his  parents. 

more  grateful  we  should  be.  I  rode  out  yesterday. 


Parsing.  1^ 

Both  of  them  deserve  praise.    To-morrow  may  be  brighter 
Yfcit^^rd;!}'  was  a  fine  day.  than  to-day. 

I  shall  write  to  morro^\• 

SECT.  VIII. 

^"ouns,  Adjectives,  and  Verbs,  to  he  declined,  compared,  and 

conjugated. 

Write,  in  the  nominative  case  plural  the  following 
nouns ;  apple,  plum,  oran2;e,  bush,  tree,  plant,  convenience, 
disorder,  novice,  beginning,  defeat,  protuberance. 

Write  the  following  substantives,  in  the  nominative  case 
plural :  cry.  fly,  cherry,  lancy,  glory,  duty,  bo},  folly,  play, 
liiy,  toy,  conveiiiencj. 

Write  the  following  nouns  in  the  possessive  case  singu- 
lar :  boV,  girl,  man,  woman,  lake,  sea,  church,  lass,  beauty, 
sist  r,  bee,  branch  . 

Write  the  followins;  in  the  nominative  case  plural  :  loaf, 
sheaf,  self,  muff,  knife,  stuff,  wife,  staff,  wolf,  half,  calf, 
shelf,  life. 

Write  the  following  in  the  possessive  case  plural :  broth- 
er, child,  man,  won^an,  foot,  tootli,  ux,  mouse,  goose,  penny. 

Write  the  following  nouns  in  the  nominative  and  posses- 
sive case  plural;  wife,  chit  f,  die,  staff,  city,  river,  proof, 
archer,  master,  crunch,  mouth,  bjker,  distaff. 

Writ*  the  pt)sse9s>ive  sinj^ular  and  plural  of  the  pronouns, 
I,  thou,  he,  she,  it,  who,  and  other. 

\N  rite  the  objective  cases,  singular  and  plural,  ot  the  pro- 
nouns, I,  thou,  he,  she,  it,  a-d  who. 

Compart^  the  folio  vi;)g  arijectives:  fair,  grave,  bright, 
lon_,  short,  tall,  white,  d^-ep,  strong,  poor,  rich,  great. 

Compare  the  'bllowinj  adjectives:  amiable,  moderate, 
di -.interested,  favourabh*,  grateful,  studious,  attentive,  neg- 
ligent, industrious,  perplexing. 

Write  the  following  adjectives,  in  the  comparative  de- 
gree: ne-H',  far,  little,  low,  good,  indifferent,  bad,  worthy, 
convenient. 

Write  the  following  adjectives  in  the  superlative  degree  : 
feeble,  bold,  good,  ardent,  cold  bad,  base,  little,  strong,  late, 
near,  content. 

Conjugate  the  following  verbs,  in  the  indicative  mood, 
present  tense ;  beat,  gain,  read,  eat,  walk,  desire,  interpose* 


20  English  Exercises. 

Conjugate  the  following  verbs  in  the  potential  mood,  im- 
perfect tense:  fear,  hope,  dream,  fly,  ronsent,  imjMove, 
controvert. 

Conjugate  the  following  verbs  in  the  subjunctive  mood, 
perfect  tense  :  drive,  prepare,  starve,  omit,  indulge,  demon- 
strate. 

Conjugate  the  following  words  in  the  imperative  mood  ; 
believe,  depart,  invent,  give,  abolish,  contrive. 

Write  the  lollowing  verbs  in  the  infinitive  mood,  present 
and  perfect  tenses :  grow ,  decrease,  live,  prosper,  separate, 
incommode. 

Write  the  present,  perfect,  and  compound  participles,  of 
the  following  verbs:  confess,  disturb,  please,  know,  begin, 
sit,  set,  eat,  lie,  lay. 

Conjug-ate  the  following  verbs,  in  the  indicative  mood, 
present  and  perfect  tenses  of  the  passive  voice ;  honour, 
abase,  amuse,  slight,  enlighten,  displease,  envelop,  bereave. 

Conjugate  the  following  verbs,  in  the  indicative  mood, 
pluperfect  and  first  future  tenses  :  fly,  contrive,  know,  de- 
vise, choose,  come,  see,  go,  eat,  grow,  bring,  forsake. 

VVrite  the  following  verbs  in  the  present  and  imperfect 
tenses  of  the  potential  and  subjunctive  moods:  know, 
shake,  heat,  ke^ep,  give,  blow,  bestow,  beseech. 

Write  the  following  verbs  in  the  indicative  mood,  imper- 
fect and  second  future  tenses,  of  the  passive  voice :  slay, 
draw,  crown,  throw,  defeat,  grind,  hear,  divert. 

Write  the  following  verb*  in  the  second  and  third  per- 
sons singular  of  all  the  tenses  in  the  indicative  and  subjunc- 
tive moods:  approve,  condemn,  mourn, freeze,  know,  arise, 
drive,  blow,  in\estigate. 

Form  the  fol'owihg  verbs  in  the  infinitive  and  imperative 
moods,  with  ther  participles,  all  in  the  passive  voice:  em- 
brace, draw,  defeat,  smite. 

SECT.  IX. 

Troviiscuous  Exercises  in  Etymological  Parsing. 

In  your  wh«de  behaviour,  be  humble  and  obliging. 

Virtue  is  the  universal  cliaim. 

True  politeness  has  its  seat  in  the  heart. 

We  should  endeavour  to  please,  rather  than  to  shine  and 
dazzle.  , 

Opportunities  occur  daily  for  strengthening  in  ourselves 
the  habits  of  virtue. 


Parsing.  21 

Conapassion  prompts  us  to  relieve  the  wants  of  others. 

A  good  mind  is  unwilling  to  give  pain  to  either  man  or 
beast. 

Peevishness  and  passion  often  produce,  from  trifles,  the 
most  serions  mischiefs. 

Discontent  often  nourishes  passions,  equally  malignant  in 
the  cottage  and  in  the  palace. 

A  great  proportion  of  human  evils  is  created  by  ourselves. 

A  passion  for  revenge,  has  alwa}s  been  considered  as  the 
mark  of  a  little  and  mean  mind. 

If  g^'catness  flatters  our  vanity,  it  multiplies  our  dangers. 

To  our  own  failings  we  are  commonly  blind. 

The  friendships  oi  young  persons,  are  often  founded  on 
capricious  likings. 

In  your  youthful  amusements,  let  no  unfairness  be  found. 

Engrave  on  your  minds  this  sacred  rule;  '*  Do  unto  oth- 
ers, as  you  wish  that  they  should  do  unto  you." 

Truth  and  candour  possess  a  powerful  chann:  they  be- 
speak universal  favour. 

After  the  fir«t  departure  from  sincerity,  it  is  seldom  in 
our  power  to  stop:  one  artifice  generally  leads  on  to  anoth- 
er. 

Temper  the  vivacity  of  youth,  with  a  proper  mixture  of 
serious  thought. 

The  spirit  of  true  religion  is  social,  kind,  and  cheerful. 

Let  no  compliance  with  the  intemperate  mirth  of  others, 
ever  betray  ^ou  into  profane  sallies. 

In  preparing  for  another  world,  we  must  not  neglect  the 
duties  of  this  life. 

The  manner  in  which  we  employ  our  present  time,  may 
decide  our  future  happiness  or  misery. 

Happiness  does  not  grow  up  of  its  own  accord  :  it  is  the 
fruit  of  long  cultivation,  and  the  acquisition  of  labour  and 
care. 

A  plain  understanding  is  often  joined  with  great  worth. 

The  brightest  parts  are  sometimes  found  without  virtue  or 
honour. 

How  feeble  are  the  attractions  of  the  fairest  form,  when 
nothing  within  corresponds  to  them  ! 

Piety  and  virtue  are  particularly  graceful  and  becoming 
in  youth. 

Can  we,  untouched  by  gratitude,  view  that  profusion  of 
good,  which  the  Divine  hand  pours  around  us? 


22  English  Eocercises. 

There  is  nothing  in  human  life  more  amiable  and  respec- 
table, than  the  character  of  a  trul^  humble  and  bene\'^oIent 
man. 

What  feelings  are  more  uneasy  and  distressful,  than  the 
workings  of  sour  and  angry  passions? 

No  man  can  be  active  in  disquieting  others,  who  does 
not,  at  the  same  time,  disquiet  himself. 

A  life  of  pleasure  and  dissipation,  is  an  enemy  to  health, 
fortune,  and  character. 

To  correct  the  spirit  of  discontent,  let  us  consider  how 
little  we  deserve,  and  how  much  we  enjoy. 

As  far  as  happiness  is  to  be  found  on  earth,  we  must  look 
for  it,  not  in  the  world,  or  the  things  of  the  world ;  but 
within  ourselves,  in  our  temper,  and  in  our  heart. 

Though  bad  men  attempt  to  turn  virtue  into  ridicule 
they  honour  it  at  the  bottom  of  their  hearts. 

Of  what  small  moment  to  our  real  happiness,  are  many 
of  those  injuries  which  draw  forth  our  resentii^eiit. 

In  the  moments  of  eager  contention,  every  thing  is  mag- 
nified and  distorted  in  its  appearance. 

Multitudes  in  the  most  obscure  stations,  are  not  less 
eager  in  their  petty  broils,  nor  less  tormented  by  their  pas- 
sions, than  if  princely  honeurs  were  the  prize  for  which  they 
contend. 

The  smooth  stream,  the  serene  atmosphere,  the  mild 
zephyr,  are  the  proper  emblems  of  a  gentle  temper,  an(>  a 
peaceful  life.  Among  the  sons  of  strife,  all  is  loud  and 
tempestuous. 

GHAP.  II. 

Exercises  in  Parsin,g,  as  it  respects  both  Etymology  an^ 

Syntax. 

See  Grammar,  p.  217. 


SECT.  I. 

Syntactical  Parsing  Table, 

Article,        Why  is  it  the  definite  article? 

Whv  the  indefinite  ? 

Why  omitted  ?  Why  repealed  ? 
Substantive.  Wh)  is  it  in  the  possessive  case  ? 

Wh\  in  the  objective  case  ? 


Parsing,  23 

"Why  in  apposition  ? 
Why  is  the  apostrophic  s  omitted  ? 
^idjective*    What  is  its  substantive? 

Why  in  the  singular,  why  in  the  plural  num- 
ber? 
Why  in  the  comparative  degree,  &€. 
Why  placed  after  its  substantive  ? 
Why  omitted  ?  Why  repeated  ? 
Pronoun,      What  is  its  antecedent  ? 

Why  is  it  in  the  singular,  why  in  the  plural 

number  ? 
Why  of  the  masculine,  why  of  the  feminine, 

why  of  the  neuter  i^f-nder  ? 
Why  of  the  first,  of  tne  second,  or  of  the  third 

person  ? 
Why  is  it  the  nominative  case  ? 
Why  the  possessive  ?  Why  the  objective? 
Wliy  omitted  ?   Why  repeated  ? 
Verb,  What  is  its  nominative  case  ? 

What  case  does  it  govern  r 
Why  is  it  in  the  singular?    Why  in  the  plural 

number  ? 
Why  in  the  first  person,  &c.  ? 
Why  is  it  in  the  infinitive  mood? 
Why  in  the  subjunctive,  &c.? 
Why  in  this  particular  tense  ? 
What  relation  has  it  to  anc^her  verb,  in  point 

of  ti/ne  ? 
Wliy  do  participles  sometimes  govern  the  ob- 
jective case? 
Why  is  the  verb  omitted  ?  Why  repeated? 
Adverb.         What  is  its  proper  situation  ? 

Why  is  the  double  negative  used  r 
Why  rejected  ? 
Preposition.  What  case  (^oes  it  govern  ? 

Which  is  the  word  governed  ? 
Why  tliis  proposition  ? 
Why  omitted  ?  Why  repeated  ? 
Conjunction,  ^^"hat  moods,  tenses,  or  cases,  does  it  connects 
Ami    why?    What  mood  does   it  require? 
Why  omitted  r  Why  repeated  ? 
Interjection.  Wliy  does  the  nominative  case  follow  it  r 

Wiiy  the  objectiye?    Why  omitted?    Why  re- 
peated 


24  English  Exercises 

SECT.  IT. 
Specimen  of  Syntactical  Parsing, 

**  Vice  degrades  us." 

Vice  is  a  common  substantive,  of  the  neuter  gender,  the 
third  person,  in  the  singular  number,  and  the  nominative 
case.  Degrades  is  a  regular  verb  active,  indicative  mood, 
present  tense,  third  person  singular  agreeing  with  its  nom- 
inative "  vice,"  according  to  rule  i.  which  says ;  (here  re- 
peat the  rule.)  Us  is  a  personal  pronoun,  first  person  plu- 
ral, in  the  objective  case,  and  governed  by  the  active  verb 
^' degrades,"  agreeably  to  rule  xi.  which  says,  ^c. 

"  He  who  lives  virtuously  prepares  for  all  events." 

He  is  a  personal  pronoun,  of  the  third  person,  singular 
number,  and  masculine  gender.  Tfho  is  a  relative  pronoun, 
which  has  for  its  antecedent  *'  he,"  with  which  it  agrees  in 
gender  and  number,  according  to  rule  v,  which  says,  &c. 
Lives  a  regular  verb  neuter,  indicative  mood,  present  tense, 
tliird  person  singular,  agreeing  with  its  nominative,  '*  who*' 
according  to  rule  vi.  which  says,  &c.  Virtuously  is  an 
adverb  of  quality.  Prepares  a  regular  verb  neuter,  indica- 
tive mood,  present  tense,  third  person  singular,  agreeing 
with  its  nominative  "  he."  For  is  a  preposition.  Jill  is  an 
adjective  pronoun  of  the  indefinite  kind,  the  plural  number, 
and  belongs  to  its  substantive,  "events,"  with  which  it 
agrees,  according  to  rule  viii.  which  says,  &c.  Events  is 
a  common  substantive  of  the  neuter  gender,  the  third  person, 
in  the  plural  number,  and  the  objective  case,  governed  by 
the  preposition  "  for,"  according  to  rule  xvii.  which  says, 
&,c. 

•*  If  folly  entice  thee,  reject  its  allurements." 

Jjf  is  a  copulative  conjunction.  Folly  is  a  common  sub- 
stantive of  the  neuter  gender,  the  third  person,  in  the  singu- 
la! number,  and  the  nominative  case.  Entice  is  a  regular 
verb  active,  subjunctive  mood,  present  tense,  third  person 
singular,  and  is  governed  by  the  conjunction  '*if,"  according 
to  rule  XIX.  which  saj^s,  &c.  Thee  is  a  personal  pronoun, 
of  tlie  second  person  singular,  in  the  objective  case,  govern- 
ed by  the  active  verb  **  entice,"  agreeably  to  rule  xi,  which 
says,  &ic.  lieject  is  a  regular  active  verb,  imperative  mood, 
second  person  singular,  and  agrees  with  its  nominative  case, 
«*  tliou,"  implied.    Its  is  a  personal  pronoun,  third  ;pcrson, 


Farsii'i^. 


sa 


»lriguiar  number,  and  of  the  neuter  gender,  to  as:ree  with  its 
substantive  '•folly,*'  accortting  to  lu  le  v.  v\"nich  savs  &:c. 
It  is  in  the  possessive  case,  governed  by  the  noun  ''allure- 
ments,*' agreeable  to  rule  x.  which  says,  &c.  Ailiiremenis- 
is  a  common  substantive,  of  the  neuter  gender,  the  third  per- 
son, in  tlie  plural  number,  and  the  objective  case  governed 
by  the  active  verb,  "  reject,"  according  to  rule  xi.  which 
says,  &:c. 

SECT.  TIL 

Exercises  on  the  firsts  secon:-.  third  and  fourth  Bides  of 

Sjrda.w* 

1.  The  contented  mind  spreads  ease  and  cheerfulness 
around  it. 

The  school  of  experience  teaches  many  useful  lessors. 
In  the  path  of  life  are  mativ  tliorn^,  ai  well  as  ilower*. 
Tliou  shouldst  do  justice  to  all  men.  even  to  enemies. 

2.  \  anitv  and  pre>umption  ruin  many  a  promising  youth. 
Food,  clotiiins:,  and  credit,  are  the  rewards  <»f  industry. 
Ho  and  A\  illiam  live  togetlier  in  jrreal  harmony. 

3.  No  age,  nor  cordition,  is  exempt  from  trouble. 
AVealth,  or  virtue,  or  any  valuable  actjuisidon,  is  not  at' 

tainable  by  idle  wishes. 

4.  The  British  nation  is  great  and  generous. 

'1  he  company  is  assembled.  It  is  composed  of  persons 
possessing  very  diftercnt  sentiments. 

A  herd  of  cattle,  peacefully  grazing,  afford  a  pleasing 
sight. 

SECT.  IV. 

Exercises  in  the  ffth,  sixth,  spventh  and  eighth  Rides  of 

St/ntax, 

5.  The  man,  who  is  faithfully  attached  to  religion,  may 
be  relied  on  with  confidence. 

'1  he  vices  which  we  should  especially  avoids  are  those 
which  most  easily  beset  us. 

6.  They  who  are  born  in  high  stations,  are  not  ahvay's 
happy. 

*  In  parsmsr  these  exercises,  the  pnpil  should  repeat  the  respective  ml 
t£  S)  ulax,  and  show  that  it  applies  to  tlie  senteuce  which  he  is4/ariiiiig. 

c 


£6  ^English  Exercises. 

Our  parents  and  teachers  are  the  persons  \vliom  we  ought, 
in  a  particular  manner,  to  respect. 

If  our  tViend  is  iu  trouble,  we,  whom  he  knows  and  loves, 
may  console  him. 

r.  1  hou  art  the  man  who  has  improved  his  privileges, 
and  who  will  reap  the  reward. 

I  am  the  person,  who  owrs  a  fault  committed ,  and  who 
disdains  to  conceal  it  by  falsehood. 

8.  'I  hat  sort  of  pleasure  weakens  and  debases  the  mind. 
Even  in  tiiese  times,  there  are  many  persons,  who  from 

disinterested  motives,  are  sc-kcitous  to  promote  the  happi- 
ness of  others. 

SECT.  V. 

.Exercises  on  the  nirdli,  tenth,  ehverMi  and  twelfth  Rules  of 

Syntax, 

9.  The  restless  discontented  person,  is  not  a  good  friend^ 
a  good  neighbour,  or  a  good  subject. 

The  young,  the  healthy,  and  the  prosperous,  should  not 
presume  on  their  advantages. 

10.  'I  he  scholar's  diligence  will  secure  the  tutor's  appro- 
bation. 

The  good  parent's  greatest  joy,  is,  to  see  his  children 
wise  and  virtuous. 

1 1.  Wisdom  and  virtue  ennoble  us.  Vice  and  folly  de- 
base us. 

Whom  can  we  so  justly  love,  as  them  v/ho  have  endeav- 
oured to  make  us  wise  and  happy  r 

12.  When  a  person  has  nothing  to  do,  he  is  almost  always 
tempted  to  do  wrong. 

We  need  not  urge  Charles  to  do  good  :  he  loves  to  do  it. 
We  dai-e  not  leave  our  studies  without  permission. 

SECT.  VL 

Exercises  on  the  thirteenth,  fourteenth,  ffteenth,  sixteenth 
and  seventeenth  Eides  of  Sijntax. 

IS.  Tlie  business  is,  at  last,  completed  ;  but  long  ago  I 
intended  to  do  it. 

I  expected  to  see  the  king,  before  he  left  Windsor. 

Tlip  misfortune  did  happen  :  but  we  early  hoped  and  en- 
deavoured to  prevent  it. 

To  have  been  censured  by  so  judicious  a  friend,  v/ould 
7^.9.ye  greatly  discouraged  me- 


}4.  Havmg  earty  disgraced  himself,  he  became  mean  ami 
dispirited. 

Knowing  him  to  be  my  superior,  I  cheerfully  submitted, 

15.  We  should  always  prepare  for  the  v»orst,  and  hope  foi*- 
the  best. 

A  yoiiTis:  man,  so  learned  and  virtuous,  promises  to  be  a 
Yery  useful  member  of  society. 

Wlien  our  virtuous  friends  die,  they  are  not  lost  for  ever> 
they  are  only  gone  before  Wi  to  a  happier  world. 

16.  Neither  threatenings,  nor  an^'  promises,  could  make 
him  violate  the  truth. 

Charles  is  not  insincere;  and  therefore  we  may  trust 
him. 

17.  From  whom  was  tliat  inf!)rmation  received  ? 

To  who.n  do  that  house,  awd  those  tine  gardens,  belong  ? 

SECT.  VII. 

Exercises  on  the  eighteenth,   nineteenth^  twentieth,  twenty 
first  and  tu'entt/st'cond  Hides  of  Sjntax, 

18.  He  and  I  commenced  our  studies  at  the  same  time. 
If  we  contend  about  trifles,  and   violently  mantaiii  our 

opinion,  we  sfiall  gain  b';t  few  friends. 

19.  Though  James  and  myself  are  rivals,  we  do  not  ceaser 
to  be  friends. 

If  Charles  acquire  knowledge,  good  manner?,  and  virtue^ 
he  will  secure  esteem. 

William  is  respected,  because  he  is  upriglit  and  obligins;. 

*20.  '1  hese  persons  are  abundantly  more  oppressed  than 
We  aie. 

Though  I  am  not  so  good  a  schohr  as  he  is,  I  am,per«^ 
haps,  not  less  attentive  tlian  he,  to  stud  v. 

Zl.  Charles  was  a  man  of  knowledge^  learning,  politeness, 
and  religion. 

In  our  travels,  we  saw  much  to  approve,  and  much  to 
condci)  n. 

2  2.  Tl\e  book  is  improved  by  many  useful  corrections, 
alterations,  and  additions. 

She  is  more  talkative  and  lively  than  her  brother,  bn^- 
aot  so  well  informed,  nor  so  wniformlv  checrfuik 


i?S  En2:lish  Eoji^rcise's. 

SECT,  VIII. 
Proinisciioiis  Exercises  in  Syntactical  Parsing, 


PROS] 


DissiMui ATiox  in  youth,  is  the  forerunner  of  perlidj  in 
old  ii^e.  Its  first  appearance  is  tlie  fatal  omen  of  growiiig 
depravity,  and  future  shahie. 

If  we  posstss  not  the  power  of  self-government,  we  shall 
be  ihc  prev  of  every  loose  inclination  tli-it  cliances  to  arise. 
Pampered  by  continual  indulgence,  all  our  passions  will 
become  mutinous  and  headstrong.  Defeire,  not  reason,  will 
be  the  ruling  principle  of  our  conduct. 

Absurdly  we  spend  our  time  in  contending  about  the  tri- 
fles of  a  day,  while  vre  ougiit  to  be  preparing  for  a  higher* 
eslitence. 

iJIoAV  little  do  they  know  of  the  true  happiness  of  life, 
xvlio  are  strangers  to  that  intercoui^s^  of  good  offices  and 
kind  affections,*  which,  by  a  pleasing  charm,  attaches  men 
to  one  atother,  and  circulates  rational  enjoymentfrom  heart 
to  heart ! 

If  v.-e  view  ourselves,  v.ith  all  our  imperfections  and 
failings,  in  a  jusr  light,  v.e  shall  rather  be  surprised  at  oin* 
enjoying  so  many  good  things,  than  discontented,  because 
there  are  any  which  we  nant. 

True  cheerfulness  makes  a  man  happy  in  himself,  and 
promotes  tlie  happiness  of  all  around  him.  it  is  the  clear 
^.ud  calm  sunshine  of  a  mind  illuminated  by  piety  and  vir- 
tue. 

Wherever  vlev.s  of  interest  and  prospects  of  return, 
mingle  with  the  feelinfi^s  of  affection,  sensibility  acts  an 
imperfect  part,  and  entitles  us  to  small  shar&  of  commen- 
dation. 

Let  not  your  expectations  from  the  j'ears  that  sre  td 
come,  rise  too  higli;  and  your  disappointments  will  be  few- 
er, and  more  easiiy  supportedv 

To  live  long,  ought  not  to  be  our  favourite  wish,  so  muck 
as  to  live  well.  By  continuing  too  long  on  earth,  we  might 
pnly  live  to  witness  a  greater  number  of  melancholy  scenes, 
and  to  expose  ourselves  to  a  wider  compass  of  humaa 
wo. 

How  many  pass  away  some  of  the  most  valuable  years  ot* 
thei>-  liv.  s,  tohf  in  a  whirlpool  of  what  cannot  be  caUe«i 
pleasure,  su  much  as  mere  giddiness  and  folly  ' 


^(mtm.  '  •    .^9 


a 


Loak  round  you  with  attentive  eye,  and  weigh  charac- 
ters w£ll,  before  you  connect  yourselves  too  closely  with 
any  who  court  your  society. 

The  true  honor  of  man  consists  not  in  the  multitude  of 
riches,  or  the  elevation  of  rank ;  for  experience  shows,  that 
these  may  be  possessed  by  the  worthless,  as  well  as  by  the 
deserving. 

Beauty  of  form  has  often  betrayed  its  possessor.  The 
flower  is  easily  blasted.  It  is  short  lived  at  the  best ;  and 
trifling,  at  any  rate,  in  comparison  with  the  higher,  and 
more  lasting  beauties  of  the  min.d. 

A  contented  temper  opens  a  clear  sky,  and  brightens  ev- 
ery object  around  us.  It  is  in  the  sullen  and  dark  shade  of 
di-content,  that  noxious  passions,  like  venomous  animals* 
breed  and  prey  upon  the  heart. 

Thousands  whom  indoleiice  has  sunk  into  contemptible 
obscurity,  might  have  come  forward  to  usefulness  and  hon- 
our, if  idleness  had  not  frustrated  tiie  eilects  of  all  theii' 
powers. 

Sloth  is  like  the  slowly-flowing,  putrid  stream,  which 
stagnates  in  the  marsh,  breeds  venomous  animals,  and  poi- 
8t)iious  plants;  and  infects  with  pestilential  vapours  the 
whole  country  round  it.  '* 

Disappointments  de:angc,  and  overcome,  vulgr  minds. 
The  patient  and  the  wise,  by  a  proper  nnproveament,»re- 
cjuently  make  them  contribute  to  their  high  advantage. 

\V  /..atever  fortune  may  rob  us  of,  it  cannot  take  away 
w  at  is  most  valuable,  tlie  peace  of  a  gowl  conscience,  and 
the  c  eering  prospect  of  a  appy  conclusion  to  all  the  trials 
of  life,  in  a  better  world. 

Be  not  overcome  by  the  injuries  you  meet  wit  v  so  as  to 
pursue  revenge  :  bv  t'le  disasters  of  life,  so  as  to  sink  into 
despair ;  by  the  evil  examples  of  tiie  world,  so  as  to  fi)llow 
tliem  into  sin.  Overcome  injuries  by  foigiveness;  disasr 
ters,  by  fortitude;  evi!  examples,  by  firmness  of  principle. 

S(»l>riety  of  \\\\\\\\  i»  one  of  those  vr^aes,  wliich  the  pres 
ent  condition  o*  human  life  stnmglx  incuh^ates.  The  un- 
certainty o1  its  enjoym.mts,  checks  presumntion  ;  the  mutti- 
pli<  itv  of  Its  dan^^fM's.  demands  jierpitu  d  cautio  i.  Mode- 
ratiorj,  vij:ilani"e,  *uid  ^elf-g<»ver. merit,  a^e  duttes  incum'jent 
on  ali ;  but  especiiUy  ju  such  as  are  beginning  the  journey 
of  l.f..'. 

Tp.f  char-ns  an  I  conifortsof  ' 'vr'ie  arc,inexpress;bJ3;  and 
can  only  ae  justly  cuiiceiv);!  ^y  c.i  oae  wiio  pustcos  her.— 


■SO  £n§iish  E^'Cevcises, 

The  consciousness  of  Divine  approbation  and  support,  and 
the  steady  hope  of  future  happiness,  couimunicuie  a  peace 
ar  J  joy,  to  which  ail  the  delights  of  the  v>orld  bear  no  re- 
semblance. 

it  v.e  knew  how  much  the  pleasures  of  this  life  deceive 
and  betray  their  unhappy  votaries;  and  reflected  on  the 
disappointments  in  pursuit,  the  dissatisfaction  in  enjoyment 
or  the  uncertainty  of  possession,  which  every  where  at- 
'  tend  them  ;  we  should  cease  to  be  enamoured  with  these 
brittle  and  transient  joys;  and  should  v*'isely  fix  our  hearts 
en  those  virtuous  attainments,  which  the  v/orid  can  neither 
give  ncr  take  away. 

POETRY. 

Order  is  Heaven's  first  lav  ;  znd  this  confest. 
Some  are,  f.ud  must  be,  greater  tlirtu  the  rest, 
Alore  rich,  iXiOre  vrise  ;  but  ^ho  inters  from  hence. 
That  such  are  happier,  shocks  all  coiiimon  sensL, 

Needful  austeritiea  ovir  "wills  restifiin. 

As  thorns  fence  in  the  tender  pituit  froii.  harm. 

Reason's  \^hnV  j^leasure,  all  the  joys  of  sense, 
}^ie  hi  three  v.oriV^,  rica'th,  peace,  and  couitk teace 
Jl'it  health  consists  vrith  temperance  alone  ; 
And  peace,  O  virtue  !  peace  is  all  ihv"  own. 

On  earth  nought  preciou.s  is  obtain'd, 

But  \yl:at  is  ])ainful  too; 
By  travel  aii*!  io  travel  born, 

Oiu'  safcuatlis  {U'e  but  few. 

V.Tio  noble  ends  by  noble  n'veans  obtains^ 
Or  failir  J,  smiles.  In  exile  or  in  cl.alns, 
IJ^^c  good  Aurelius  let  him  reign,  or  bleed 
Like  Scci-atts,  that  naim  is  gi'eat  indeed, 

CarTicarls  ?.re  faiten'd  totlsls  "Viorld, 

i?y  stroT^ii  and  endless  ties  ; 
But  cverv  sorrow  cuts  a  striiig-, 

And  1:1  ges  us  to  rise. 

Oft  pining  cares  in  rich  brocades  r.re  drest. 
And  diamonds  glitter  on  an  anxious  breast 

Teach  me  to  fe^^l  another's  v/o, 
\  To  iilde  tiie  faults  I  see  r 

I  That  r^.ercy  I  to  otheis  sfiov>', 

That  raercy  show  to_rne. 

This  day  be  l>rcad,  and  peace,  mj  lot . 

Ail  (Ise  beneath  the  sun 
Thou  kiiow'st  if  berst  bestow'd  or  not> 

>^ud  kt  tl\j-  w  ill  be  doue. 


Parking:  II 

jr'iee  is  a  monst.er  of  so  frightful  mien. 

As,  to  be  hated,  needs  but  to  he  seen  : 

Yft  seen  loo  oft,  familiar  with  her  face,  | 

"NA  e  fii'st  endure,  then  pity,  then  embraco. 

If  nothing  more  tlian  pwpose  in  thy  power, 
'Ihy   [jurposc  firm,  is  equal  to  tlie  deed: 
\A  ho  does  the  best  his  cii-cun.&tauce  allows. 
Bees  well,  acts  nobly  ;  angels  could  uo  more, 

In  fititli  and  hope  the  Morld  will  disagree^ 
iiui  ail  niiaikma's  coricern  is  charity. 

To  be  resign'd  when  ills  betide^ 
Patient  when  favours  are  denied. 

And  pleas'd  with  la\<-ui-s  gi%'n  ; 
Mo.^t  surely  this  is  A\  isdoui'h  1  Jtrt, 
This  is  £l;a't  incense  of  the  hcait, 

^\'hose  fragi-ance  sniells  to  llca\'n. 

All  fame  is  forei^,  but  of  true  dcse-.l ; 

Flays  round  the  head,  but  comes  not  to  tlie  itearf  , 

One  self-ap;,ro^injJ  hour  ^hole  years  out\*eighs 

Of  stupid  :^t:•rers,  and  of  loud  huzzas  ; 

And  more  true  joy  Marcellus  exil'd  feels, 

Thau  Csesar  witli  a  senate  at  his  heels. 

Far  from  the  madding  crowd's  ignoble  strife, 

'i'heir  sober  *iblies  never  learnM  to  slra)  : 
Along  the  coe!  setiucstcrM  vale  of  life. 

The}  kept  the  noiseless  teiior  ol  their  way. 

What  nothing  earthly  gives,  or  can  <lestroy, 
The  "oui's  calm  suushiae,  ar.d  the  heailfelt  joy^ 
Is  >irlue's  prize. 

Pity  the  sorrows  of  a  poor  old  man, 
M  hose  trenibling  limbs  have  borne  him  to  liiy  doOij 
W  liose  days  :ire  UwindJec!  to  tiie  sl.oriest  sj  an  : 
Oh  !  give  ivlief,  and  Heuv'n  will  bless  iliy  store". 

Who  li\es  to  nature,  ra:"ely  can  be  fK)or, 
Who  li\es  to  fancy,  utvcr  can  be  rich. 

Wlien  )ouno;,  lifj's  jounif  y  I  boc^an, 

The's^litt'riiii:  prospect  cliarm'd  my  eycsj 
1  saw,  alorjj  tli'  extended  plain, 

Joy  after  jOy  successive  rise. 

But  soon  1  found  'twas  all  a  dream  ; 

Auil  learu'd  the  fond  pursuit  to  shun. 
Where  «ewcan  reach  the  pui-pos'd  aim, 

And  thousands  daiiy  are  uudoue. 

'Tis  greatly  w  ise  to  talk  with  our  past  honrs ; 
And  ask  them,  '.\hiit  report  they  bore  to  hearji. 

All  nature  is  but  art  unknown  to  thee  ; 
All  cl.iuice,  diietlion,  v,)vx\:  thou  canst  not  see;         y^ 
Alldiicoixl,  harniM.)  not  uuderstcod  ;  /^ 

a\11  partial  evil,  wiiivcFsal  good. 


/ 


46  English  Exercises,  fPromis- 

The  mist  which  invelopes  many  studies,  is  dissipated 
when  we  approach  them. 

The  voice  is  sometimes  obstructed  by  a  hoarsness,  or  by 
viscuous  phlegm 

The  desart  shall  rejoice  and  blossom  as  the  rose. 

The  fruit  and  sweetmeats  set  on  table  after  the  meat,  are 
called  the  desert. 

We  traversed  the  flowry  fields,  till  the  falling  dews  ad- 
monished us  to  return. 

SECT.  6. 
Key,  p.  15. 

There  is  frequently  a  worm  at  the  root  of  our  most  flor- 
ishing  condition. 

The  stalk  of  ivey  is  tough,  and  not  fragil. 

The  roof  is  vaulted,  and  distills  fresh  water  from  every 
part  of  it. 

Our  imperfections  are  oiscernable  by  others,  when  we 
think  they  are  concealed. 

They  think  they  shall  be  beared  for  their  much  speaking. 

True  criticizm  is  not  a  captious,  but  a  liberal  art. 

Integrity  is  our  best  defense  against  the  evils  of  life. 

No  circumstance  can  licence  evil,  or  dispence  with  the 
rules  of  virtue. 

We  may  be  cyphers  in  the  world's  estimation,  whilst  we 
are  advancing  our  own  and  others'  value. 

The  path  of  vertue  is  the  path  of  peace. 

A  dipthong  is  the  coilition  of  two  vowels  to  form  one 
sound. 

However  forceable  our  temptations,  they  may  be  resisted. 

I  acknowlege  my  transgression  ;  and  my  sm  is  ever  be- 
fore me. 

The  colledge  of  cardinals  are  the  electers  of  the  pope. 

He  had  no  colorable  excuse  to  palliate  his  conduct. 

Thy  humourous  vein,  thy  pleasing  folly, 
Lie  all  neglected,  all  iorgot. 

If  we  are  so  conceited  as  obstlnatly  to  reject  all  advice, 
we  must  expect  a  direliction  of  friends. 

Cronolog}  is  the  science  of  compiteing  and  adjusting  the 
periods  of  time. 

In  gi'oves  we  live,  and  lay  on  mossy  beds. 

By  chiystal  streams,  that  murmer  thro'  the  meads. 

It  is  a  secret  cowardise  which  induces  us  to  complement 


cuous.j  Syntax.  47 

the  vices  of  our  superiors,  to  applaud  the  libertin,  and  laugh 
vith  the  prophane. 

'Ihe  lark  each  morning  waked  me  with  her  spritely  lay. 

There  are  no  fewer  than  thirty-two  species  of  the  lilly. 

"VVe  ow  e  it  to  our  visitors  as  well  as  to  ourselves,  to  en- 
tertain them  with  useful  and  sensable  conversation. 

Sponsers  are  those  who  become  sureties  for  the  children's 
education  in  the  christian  faith. 

The  warrier's  fame  is  often  purchased  by  the  blood  of 
thousands. 

Hope  exi'erates  the  mind,  and  is  the  grand  elixer,  under 
all  the  evils  of  life. 

The  incence  of  gratitude,  whilst  it  expresses  our  duty, 
and  honors  our  benefacter,  perfumes  and  regails  onrselves. 


PART  III. 

EXERCISES  IN  SYNTAX. 


CHAP.  I. 

Containing  instances  of  fahe  Syntax,  disposed  under  the 
particular  RuleS' 


RULE  I. 

^  verb  miist  agree  with  its  nominative  case,  in  number 
and  person :  as  "  I  learn ;  "  Thou  art  improved ;  »'  The 
birds  sing" 

Grammar,  p.  139,    Key,  p.  18. 

Disappointments  sinks  the  heart  of  man ;  but  the  re- 
newal of  hope  give  consolation. 

The  smiles  that  encourage  severity  of  judgment,  hides 
malice  and  iiisinceritj'. 

He  dare  not  act  contrary  to  his  instructions. 

Fifty  pounds  of  wheat  contains  forty  pounds  of  fl  >ur. 

The  mechanism  of  clocks  and  watches  were  totally  un- 
known a  few  centuries  ago. 

The  number  of  the  inhabitants  of  Great  Britain  and  Ire- 
land, do  not  exceed  sixteen  millions. 


48  English  Exercises  (Pvamis- 

Nothing  but  vain  and  foolish  pursuits  delight  some  per- 
sons. 

A  variety  of  pleasing  objects  charm  the  eye. 

So  much  both  of  ability  and  merit  are  seldonv found. 

In  the  conduct  of  Parmenio  a  mixture  oi  wisdom  and  fol- 
ly were  very  conspicuous. 

lie  is  an  author  of  more  credit  than  Plutarch,  or  any  oth» 
er  that  write  lives  too  hastily. 

The  inquisitivf  and  curious  is  generally  talkative. 

Great  pains  has  been  taken  to  reconcile  the  parties. 

I  r-m  sorry  to  say  it,  but  there  was  more  equivocators  than 
cne. 

The  sincere  is  always  esteemed. 

Has  the  goods  been  sold  to  advantage?  and  did  thou  em- 
brace the  proper  season  r 

There  is  many  occasions  in  life,  in  which  silence  and  sim- 
plicity is  true  wisdom. 

The  generous  never  recounts  minutely  the  actions  they 
have  done ;  nor  the  prudent,  those  they  will  do. 

He  need  not  proceed  in  such  liaste. 

The  business  that  related  to  ecclesiastical  meetings,  mat- 
ters and  persons,  were  to^be  ordered  according  to  the  king's 
direction. 

In  him  were  happily  blended  ti-ue  dignity  with  softness  of 
manners. 

The  support  of  so  many  of  his  relations,  were  a  heavy  tax 
upon  his  industry  :  but  thou  kr  o\\s  he  paid  it  cheerfully. 

^Vhat  avails  the  best  sentiments,  if  persons  do  not  live 
suitably  to  them  : 

Reconciliation  was  offered,  on  conditions  as  moderate  as 
was  consistent  with  a  permanent  union. 

Not  one  of  them  whom  thou  sees  clothed  in  purple,  are 
completely  happy. 

Anc^  the  fame  of  this  person,  and  of  his  wonderful  actions, 
were  diffused  throughout  the  country. 

The  variety  of  the  productions  of  genius,  like  that  of  the 
operations  of  nature,  are  without  limit. 

In  vain  our  flocks  and  fields  increase  our  store, 
%Vhen  our  abundance  make  us  wish  for  more. 

Thou  should  love  thy  neighbour  as  sincerely  as  thou  loves 
thyself. 

Has  thou  no  better  reason  for  censuring  thy  friend  and 
companion. 


Bule  i.J  '  Syntax.  4§ 

Thou,  who  art  the  Autlior  and  Bestower  of  life,  can  doubt- 
less restore  it  also:  but  whether  thou  will  please  to  restore 
it,  or  not,  that  thou  only  knows. 

O  thou  ray  voice  inspire, 

"NVlio  toucli'd  Isaiah's  hallow'd  lips  Avith  fii'e. 

Accept  these  grateful  tears ;   for  tliee  tliey  floM' ; 
For  tliee  that  ever  felt  another's  wo. 

Just  to  thy  word,  in  ev'ry  tliought  sincere  j 

Who  knew  no  wish  but  what  ihe  world  might  hear. 

The  following  examples  are  adapted  to  the  notes  and  ob- 
servations under  rule  i. 

Grammar,  p.  139.     Key,  p.  20. 

1.*  To  do  unto  all  men,  as  we  would  that  they  in  similar 
circumstances  should  do  unto  us,  constitute  the  great  prin- 
ciple of  virtue. 

From  a  fear  of  the  world's  censure,  to  be  ashamed  of 
the  practice  of  precepts,  which  the  heart  approves  and  em- 
braces, mark  a  feeb'e  and  imperfect  character. 

The  ernmeous  opinions  which  we  form  concerning  hap- 
piness and  misery,  gives  rise  to  all  the  mistaken  and  dan- 
gerous passions  that  embroils  our  life. 

To  live  soberly,  righteously,  and  piously,  ar€  required  oi' 
all  men. 

That  it  is  our  duty  to  promote  the  purity  of  our  minds 
aind  bodies,  to  be  just  and  kind  to  our  fellow- creatures,  and 
to  be  pious  and  faithful  to  Him  that  made  us,  admit  not  of 
any  doubt  in  a  rational  and  well-informed  mind. 

To  be  of  a  pure  and  hu  nible  miiid,  to  exercise  benevolence 
towards  others,  to  cultivate  piety  t'twards  God,  is  the  sure 
means  of  becoming  peac^^ful  aiid  happy. 

Ii  is  an  important  truth,  that  religion,  vital  religion,  the 
religion  of  the  heart,  are  the  most  powerful  auxiliaries  of 
reason,  in  waging  war  with  the  passions,  arid  promoting  that 
sweet  composure  which  constitute  the  peace  of  God. 

The  possession  of  oar  senses  entire,  of  our  limbs  uninju- 
red, of  a  sound  understanding,  of  friends  and  compan- 
ions, ar»i  often  overlooked  ;  though  it  would  be  the  ultimate 
wi'ih  of  many,  who,  as  far  as  ue  can  judge,  deserves  it  as 
much  as  ourselves. 

*  The  examples  under  each  rule  are  regiilarly  numbered,  to  make  them 
cwrespond  to  the  respective  subordinate  rules  in  the  Grammar. 

E 


50  English  Exercises.  (Rule  2, 

All  that  make  a  figure  on  the  great  theatre  of  the  world, 
"the  employments  of  the  busy,  the  enterprises  of  the  ambi- 
tious, the  exploits  of  the  warlike;  the  virtues  wliich  forms 
the  happiness,  and  the  crimes  which  occasions  the  misery 
of  m<ankind  :  originates  in  that  silent  and  secret  recess  of 
thought,  which  are  hidden  from  every  human  eye. 

2.  if  the  privileges  to  which  he  has  an  undoubted  right, 
and  h.e  has  long  enjoyed,  should  now  be  wrested  from  him, 
would  be  flagrant  injustice. 

These  curiosities  we  have  imported  from  China,  and  are  sim- 
ilar to  those  which  were  some  time  ago  brought  from  Africa. 

Will  martial  flames  for  ever  fire  thy  mind. 
And  never,  never  be  to  Hea\^n  resign'd  ? 

5.  Two  substantives,  when  they  come  together,  and  do 
not  signify  the  same  thing,  the  former  must  be  in  the  geni- 
tive case. 

Virtue,  however  it  may  be  neglected  for  a  time^  men  are 
so  constituted  as  ultimately  to  acknowledge  and  respect 
genuine  merit. 

4.  The  crown  of  virtue  is  peace  and  honour.] 

His  chief  occupation  and  enjoyment  were  controversy. 


-Kim  destroj^d, 


Or  won  to  what  may  v.ork  his  utter  lo&s. 
All  this  will  soon  follo">v. 

-"SVhose  s^ay  top 


Shall  tremble,  him  descending. 
RULE  II. 

Two  or  more  nouns,  ^*c.  in  the  singular  number,  joined 
to2:ether  by  a  copulatii'e  conjunction,  exjjressed  or  under- 
stood, must  have  verbs,  nouns,  and  pronouns,  agreeing  with 
them  in  the  plural  number  :  as,  "Socrates  and  Flato  were 
wise;  they  were  the  most  eminent  philosophers  of  Greece;'* 
"  The  sun  that  rolls  over  our  heads,  the  food  that  we  receive, 
the  rest  that  we  enjoy,  daily  admonish  iis  of  a  superior  and 
superintending  power.'* 

Grammai',  p.  143.    Key,  p.  22. 

Idleness  and  ignorance  is  the  parent  of  many  vices. 

Wisdom,  virtue,  liappiness,  dwells  with  the  golden  medi- 
ocrity. 

In  unitv  consists  the  welfare  and  security  of  every  soci- 
ety. 

Time  and  tide  waits  for  no  man. 


Rule  2.J  Syntajc.  51 

His  politeness  and  good  disposition,  was  on  failure  of 
their  effect,  entirely  chansjed. 

Patience  and  diligence,  like  faith,  removes  mountains. 

Humility  and  knowledge,  with  poor  apparel,  excels  pride 
and  ignorance  under  costly  attire. 

Tlie  planetary  system,  boundless  space,  and  the  immense 
ocean  ati'ects  the  mind  with  sensations  of  astonishment. 

Humility  and  love,  wiiatever  obscurities  maj  involve  re- 
ligious tenets,  constitutes  the  essence  of  true  religion. 

Religion  and  virtue,  our  best  support  and  highest  honour, 
confers  on  the  mind  principles  of  noble  independence. 

What  signifies  the  counsel  and  cire  of  preceptors,  when 
youth  think  they  have  no  need  of  assistance? 

The  examples  ivhich  follow  are  suited  to  the  notes  and  ob- 
servations under  rule  ri. 

Grammar,  p.  143.    Key,  p.  22. 

1.  Much  dees  human  pride  and  self-complacency  require 
correction. 

L»>:'>rio'js  livins:,  and  hi^h  pleasures,  begets  a  languor  and 
satiety  that  destroys  all  enjoyment 

Pride  and  seif-sufiiciency  stifled  sentiments  of  depen- 
dence on  our  Creator:  levity  and  attach^nent  to  worldly 
pleasures,  destroys  the  sense  of  jrt'atitude  to  hrn. 

2.  Good  order  in  our  aft*.iirs,  not  mean  savings,  produce 
great  profits. 

The  following  treatise,  together  with  those  that  accompa- 
ny it,  were  written  many  years  ago,  for  my  own  private  sat- 
isfaction. J 

That  great  senator,  iif  concert  with  several  other  eminent 
persons,  vvre  the  projector ^^  of  the  revolution. 

The  religion  of  these  people,  as  well  as  their  customs  and 
manr  ers,  v  ere  strangely  misrepresented. 

Virtue,  joined  to  knowledge  and  wealth,  confe"  great  in- 
fluence and  respe.tab  lity.  13ut  knowledge,  with  wealth 
united,  if  virtue  is  wanting,  hyve  a  very  limited  influence, 
ai,d  i'M*  often  despised. 

That  superficial  scholar  and  critic,  like  some  renowned  ■ 
critics  'tfou-  own,  have  furnished  most  decisive  proofs,  that 
^^.oy  knew  not  the  char-tcters  of  the  Heb'-ew  language. 

The  buildin^is  of  the   institution   l.'ave  b/eii   eidaro:cd': 
the  txf  n>c  v''  which,  .idded  to  the  iuci eased  price  of  Ir_ 
vision',  render  it  necessary  to  advance  the  terms  of  admis 
sion. 


52  English  Exercises.  (Rule  5. 

One  added  to  nineteen,  make  twentj. 

What  black  despair^  what  horror  fills  his  mind  ! 
,     3.  Thou,  and  the  gardener,  and  the  huntsman,  must  share 
the  blame  of  this  business  amongst  them. 

My  sister  and  1,  as  well  as  my  brother,  are  daily  employ- 
ed in  their  respective  occupations. 

RULE  III, 

The  conjunction  disjunctive  has  an  effect  contrary  to  that 
of  the  conjunction  copulative;  for  as  the  verb,  noun,  or 
pronoun  is  referredto  the  preceding  terms  taken  separately 
it  must  be  in  the  singular  number:  as,  "  Ignorance  or  neg- 
ligence has  caused  this  mistake  ;"  John,  James,  or  Joseph, 
intends  to  accompany  me ;  There  is,  in  many  minds,  neither 
knowledge  nor  understanding.^' 

Gi-ammar,  p.  i46.     Key,  p.  23, 

Man*s  happiness,  or  misery,  are,  in  a  great  measure,  put 
into  his  own  hands. 

Man  is  not  such  a  machine  as  a  clock  or  watch,  which 
move  merely  ^s  it  is  moved. 

Despise  no  infirmity  <>f  mind  or  body,  nor  any  condition 
of  life  :  for  they  are,  perhaps  to  be  your  own  lot.    • 

Speaking  impatiently  to  servants,  or  any  thing  that  be- 
trays inattention  or  ill-humour,  are  certainly  criminal. 

There  are  many  faults  in  spelling,  which  neither  analogy 
nor  pronunciation  justify. 

When  sickness,  infirmity,  or  reverse  of  fortune,  affect  us, 
the  sircerity  of  friendship  is  proved. 

Let  it  be  remembered,  that  it  is  not  the  uttering,  or  the 
liearing  of  certain  words,  that  constitute  the  worship  of  the 
Almighty. 

A  tart  reply,  a  proneness  to  rebuke,  or  a  captious  and  con- 
tradictious spirit,  are  capable  of  imbittering  domestic  life, 
and  of  setting  friends  at  variance. 

Tie  following  sentences  exemplify  the  notes  and  observa^ 
flons  under  rule  hi. 

Grammar,  p.  146.    Key,  p.  24. 

1.  Either  thou  or  I  art  greatly  mistaken,  in  our  judgment 
on  this  subject. 

t  or  ^iiou  am  the  person  who  must  undertake  the  business 
"proposed^ 


Rule  A.J  Si/ntajp,  o5 

2.  Both  of  the  schoLii-s,  or  one  of  them  at  ieast  ^va3  pra- 
sent  at  the  transaction. 

Some  parts  of  the  ship  and  cargo  were  recovered;    but 
neither  the  sailors  nor  the  captain  was  saved. 

Whether  one  person  or  moi-e   was  concerned  in  the  bus> 
ness,  does  not  yet  appear. 

The  cares  of  this  life,  or  the  deceitfulness  of  riches,  has 
choked  the  seeds  of  virtue  in  many  a  promising  mind. 

RULE  IV. 

.,3  noun  of  multitude,  or  sipiifyina;  vuniif,  may  have  a 
verb  or  pronoun  agreeing  with  it,  either  of  the  sin:::ular  or 
plural  number;  yet  not  ivitiiout  regird  to  the  import  of  the 
worl,  an  co'.vey'n^  nnit'f  or  plurality  of  idea  :  as,  "  The 
meeting  was  lar^e  ;'^  Th^  parliament  is  dissoli'ed ;"  T-ie 
nation  is  porerfnl'"  ">^fy  p  ople  do  not  consider;  thej 
have  not  known  me;"  '' Tne  multitude  eagerly  purs^ie  pleas- 
ure as  their  chief  good -^^  "  The  council  were  divided  in 
their  sentiments/' 

Grammar,  p.  147.    Kej,  p. '24. 

The  people  rejoices  in  that  which  should  i;^ive  it  sorrow. 

The  flock,  and  not  the  fleece,  are,  or  ought  to  be,  the.  ob- 
jects of  the  Siiepherd's  care. 

The  court  have  just  ended,  after  having  sat  through  the 
trial  of  a  very  long  cause. 

Tlie  crowd  wee  >o  zreat,  that  the  judges  with  diflicultj 
made  their  way  through  them. 

The  corporation  of  Yurk  consist  of  a  major,  aldermen, 
and  a  coniiuon  council. 

T!io  British  parliament  are  composed  of  king,  lords,  and 
coiomons. 

AViien  the  nation  complain,  the  rulers  should  listen  to 
th -ir  voiiC. 

In  till'  days  of  yauth,  the  multitude  eagerly  pursues  pleas- 
ure a^its  c '^ief  good. 

Th>'  (diM-ch  have  no  power  to  indict  corporal  punishment. 

The  fleet  were  seen  sai'icg  uj  the  channel. 

The  re'jjiment  consist  of  a  tliou^and  men. 

The  Mieeting  have  est.iblia'.e  1  several  salutary  regulations. 

Th^  cGu*i':il  was  nut  unaniiuou';,  and  it  separated  without 
com",  .g  to  any  determination. 

Tie  rte?ti^  nl'  arrived  a  ad  n;o:)r.-Ml  in  safety. 

This  people  drawoih  iip  i>' to  me 'v-t'i  their  mouth,  and 
honouroth  me  with  th-^ir  lips,  iUt  their  lieart  [->  far arom  me. 


54  English  Exercises,  (Rule  5. 

The  committee  was  divided  in  its  sentiments,  and  it  has 
referred  the  business  io  the  general  mr^etini,^. 

The  committee  were  very  full  when  this  point  was  deci* 
ded  ;  and  their  judgment  has  not  been  called  in  question. 

Why  do  this  generati-.n  wish  for  greater  evidence,  when 
so  much  is  already  given  ? 

The  remnant  of  the  people  wer^  persecuted  with  great 
severity. 

Never  were  any  people  so  much  infatuated  as  the  Jewish 
nation. 

The  shoal  of  herrings  were  of  an  immense  extent. 

No  society  are  chargea^'e  with  the  disapproved  miscon- 
duct of  particular  members. 

RULE  v. 

Pronoitns  must  always  agree  with  their  antecedents^  and 
the  nouns  pr  which  they  s^and.  in  gender  and  niimher :  as, 
•*  This  is  the  friend  whom  I  (ov£  ;"  **  That  is  the  vice 
wh'ch  I  hate  y'  ''  The  king  and  the  queen  had  put  on  their 
rohes ;"  "  Thp  moon  appears,  and  she  shines,  but  the  light  is 
not  her  own"  ^' 

llie  relrtive  is  nf  the  same  person  as  the  antecedent,  and 
the  verb  agrees  with  it  accordingly :  as,  '*  Thou  who  lovest 
wisdom;'"'  *' I  who  speak  from  e^yerience." 

Grammar,  p.  148.     Key,  p,  26. 

The  exercise  of  reason  appears  as  little  in  these  spirts- 
m  n,  as  in  the  beasts  whom  they  sometimes  hunt,  and  by 
\\hom  they  are  sometimes  hunted. 

They  which  seek  wis«'om  will  certainly  find  her. 

The'male  amongst  birds  seems  to  discover  no  beauty  but 
in  the  colour  of  its  species. 

TaVe  handfuis  of  ashes  of  the  furnace,  and  let  Moses 
spriikle  it  towards  heaven,  in  the  sight  of  Pharaoh  ;  and  it 
sl^al!  be  ome  -mall  dust. 

Ke^ec<  a  tork  goodly  raiment,  which  were  with  her  in  the 
house,  and  put  them  upon  J.  cob. 

The  wheel  killed  anotlier  man,  which  is  tho-slxth  which 
have  lot  their  lives,  by  this  means. 

The  fair  sex,  whose  task  is  not  to  mingle  in  the  labours  of 
public  liie.  h  s  its  own  part  assigned  it  to  act. 

'j'he  llerculps  man  of  war  foundered  at  sea;  she  overset, 
and  lost  moi;t  of  her  men. 


Rule  5.J  Si/utaa^,  55 

The  mind  of  man  eannot  be  l')ng  without  5ome  food  to 
nourish  the  activity  of  h^s  thoughts. 

What  is  the  reason  th.it  our  language  is  less  refined  than  . 
those  of  Italy,  Spain,  or  France? 

I  do  not  think  any  one  should  incur  censure  for  being  ten- 
der of  their  repitation. 

T!io:j  who  has  been  a  witness  of  the  fact,  can  give  an  ac- 
count of  it. 

Ifi  religious  concerns,  or  what  is  conceived  to  be  such,  ev- 
erv  man  must  stand  or  fall  by  the  decision  of  the  Great 
Judg^. 

Something  I'ke  wliat  have  been  here  premised,  are  the 
conjectures  of  Dryden. 

Tliou  great  First  Cause,  least  vmderstooU ! 

W'hoali  my  s«'nse  co  irttiM 
To  know  but  thia,  that  thou  ai't  good 

And  that  tn}sclt'  am  blind  : 
Yet  gave  me  in  this  dark  estate,  kc. 

WTiHt  art  thou,  s|)eak,  th.it,  on  designs  unknown, 
\Miile  otht-rs  sleep,  tlius  range  the  camp  alone. 

T/ie  foUoicino;  examples  are  adapted  to  the  notes  and  oh- 
servation'i  under  rule  v. 

Grammar,  p.  149.     Key,  p.  27  . 

1.  Whoever  entertains  such  an  apinion,  he  ju'lges  erro 
neniisly. 

The  cares  of  this  world  they  often  choke  the  growth  r 
virtue. 

Disappointments  and  afflictions,  however   disao;' 
they  often  im prove  us. 

tj.  Moses  was  the  meekest  man  whom  we  read  o\ 
Old  Testamj^nt. 

Mumility  is  one  of  the   most  amiable  virtues  • 
cai  ptissess."" 

T>iey  are  tlie  same  persons  w!io  assisted  us 

The  men  aiul  thincrs  which  he  has  stud' 
I         pr  >ved  his  morals. 

3.  Howsoever  beautiful   tliey  appear, 
merit. 

fn  whatsoever  light  we  view  !iim,  1" 
inso;^cti  n. 

():i  whicrsoever  side  tliey  are  cc 
to  advantage. 


56  English  Exercises.  (Rule  6* 

However  much  he  miglit  despise  the  maxims  of  the  kino-'s 
administration,  he  kept  a  total  silence  on  that  subject. 

4.  Which  of  them  two  persons  has  most  distinguished 
himself? 

None  more  impatiently  suffer  injuries,  than  those  that  are 
most  forward  in  doing  them. 

5.  He  would  not  be  persuaded  but  what  I  was  greatly  in 
fault. 

These  commendations  of  his  children,  appear  to  have 
be^in  made  in  somewhat  an  injudicious  manner. 

6.  He  instructed  and  fed  the  crowd?  who  surrounded  him. 
Sidney  was  one  of  the  wisest  and  mo:^t  active  govei  nors, 

which  Ireland  had  enjoyed  for  several  years. 

He  was  the  ablest  minister  which  James  ever  possessed. 

The  court,  v/ho  gives  currency  to  manners,  ought  to  be 
exemplary. 

1  am  happy  in  the  friend  which  I  have  long  proved. 

The  child  whom  we  have  just  seen,  is  wholeaomelj  fed, 
and  not  injured  by  banda-Tjes  or  clothing. 

Up  is  like  a  beast  of  prey,  who  destroys  wi'hout  pity. 

8.  Having  once   disgusted   .i;i»,  he  could  never  regain  the 
avour  of  Ner  ?,  who  wis  indeed  anoth.^r  name  for  crue'ty. 

Flattery,  whose  nature  is  to  deceive  and  betray,  should 
2  avoided  as  the  poisonous  adder. 
Who  of  tho^ie  m*^n  came  to  hU  assistance? 

9.  The  king  dis'.nissed  his  minisier  without  any  inquiry; 
'■"o  had  never  before  committe<l  so  unju->t    n  action. 

°re   are    millions  of  peopl '  in  the  empire  of  China, 
upport  is  fNrived  dmost  entirely  from  rice. 
A  is  remarkable  h's  continual  eudeavours  to  seiveus, 
nstanding  our  ingratitude. 

'ndisputal  ly  true  his  ass-  rtion,  though  it  is  a  paradox. 
'  unhiippy  thee,  who  art  deaf  to  the  calls  of  duty, 
•r. 
've,  surrounded  with  so  many  blessings. 

RULE  VI. 

^he  nominntive  case  to  the  verb,  icheyi  no 
'tnieen  it  and  the  vn'b:    f?9,  **  T/ie  niaS' 
"  The  trees  which  are  planted" 

^nmt'b  hetw.en  the  re' > dice  avd  the 
•ed  'if  some  word  in  U<  own  vipm- 
Ue  who  pit'S'^rve^  me,  tqw':rni  / 
vid  whom  1  serve,  is  eleriiai^' 


Rule  7.)  Sijiitaxt  57 

Grammar,  p.  153.     Key,  p.  29. 

We  are  dependent  on  each  other's  assistance;  whom  is 
there  that  can  subsist  by  himself? 

If  he  will  not  hear  his  best  friend,  whom  shall  be  sent  to 
admonish  him? 

They,  who  much  is  given  to,  will  have  much  to  answe? 
for. 

It  is  not  to  be  expected  that  they,  whom  in  early  life,  have 
been  dark  and  deceitful,  should  afterwards  become  fair  and 
ingenuous. 

They  who  have  laboured  to  make  us  wise  and  good,  are 
the  persons  who  we  ought  to  love  and  respect,  and  who  we 
ought  to  be  grateful  to. 

The  persons,  who  conscience  and  virtue  support,  may 
smile  at  the  caprices  of  fortune. 

From  the  character  of  those  who  you  associate  with,  your 
own  will  be  estimated. 

That  is  the  student  who  I  gave  the  book  to,  and  whom,  I 
am  persuaded,  deserves  it. 

1.  Of  whom  were  the  articles  bought?  Of  a  mercer;  hd 
who  resides  near  the  mansion  liouse. 

Was  any  person  besides  the  mercer  present  ?  Yes,  both 
him  and  his  clerk. 

Who  was  the  money  paid  to  ?  To  the  mercer  and  his  clerk. 

Who  counted  it  ?  both  the  clerk  and  him. 

RULE  VII. 

When  the  relative  is  preceded  by  two  nominatives  of  dif- 
ferent persons,  the  relative  and  verb  mat/  agree  in  person 
with  either,  according  to  the  sense :  aSy  ^'I  am  the  man  who 
eomriiands  you" 

Grammar,  p.  155.    Key,  p.  30. 

I  acknowledge  that  I  am  the  teacher,  who  adopt  that  sen* 
timent,  and  maintains  the  propriety  of  such  measures. 

Thou  art  a  friend  that  hast  often  relieved  oie,  and  that 
has  not  deserted  me  now  in  t'^e  time  of  peculi.ir  need. 

I  am  the  man  who  approves  of  wholesome  discipline,  and 
recommend  it  to  others;  b'lt  I  a  .  not  a  person  who  pro- 
motes useless  severity,  or  who  ojject  to  mild  and  generous 
treatment. 

I  perr '  ive  that  thou  art  a  pupil,  who  possesses  bright  parts 
but  who  hast  cultivated  tliem  but  little. 


5S  English  Exercises,  (Rule  S 

Thou  art  he  who  breatliest  on  the  earth  with  the  breath  of 
spring,  and  who  covereih  it  svith  verdure  and  beauty. 

I  am  the  Lord  thy  God,  wiio  leacheth  thee  to  profit,  and 
who  lead  thee  by  the  waj  thou  bh')ul(ist  go. 

Thou  tirt  the  Lord  who  did  choose  Abraham,  and  brought- 
est  him  forth  out  of  Ur,  of  the  Chaldees. 

RULE  VIII. 

Every  adjecitvey  and  every  adjective  pronoun,  belongs  to 
a  substantive  expressed  or  understood  ;  as,  "  He  is  a  good, 
as  2veU  as  a  wise  man :"  '•'■'  Few  are  happy :"  that  is,  "  per- 
sons ;"  '•  This  is  a  pleasant  walk ;"  thai  is, "  this  walk  is,"  'ix,c. 

Jidjectivepronuiins  must  agree,  in  number,  with  thei:-  sub- 
stantives: as,  '^Tids  bjok,  these  books:  that  sort,  thos& 
sorts ;  another  road,  other  roads  J'* 

Grammar,  p.  156.    Key,  p.  30. 

The<?e  kind  of  indulgences  soften  and  injure  the  mind. 

Instead  of  improving  yourselves,  you  have  been  playing 
this  two  hours. 

Tho^e  sort  of  favours  did  real  injury,  under  the  appear- 
ance (»r  kindness. 

The  ciiasm  made  by  the  earthquake  was  twenty  foot  broad, 
and  one  hundred  fathoai  in  depth. 

How  many  a  sorrow  should  we  avoid,  if  we  were  not  in- 
dustrious to  ma^e  them  ! 

He  saw  one  or  more  persons  enter  the  garden. 

Tne  examples  ivhich  follow,  are  suited  to  the  notes  and 
observations  under  rule  viii. 

Grammar,  p,  156.     Key,  p.  31. 
I.    ADJECTIVE  PRONOUNS.* 

1.  Charles  was  extravagant,  and   by  this  mean  became 
poor  and  despi'"  able. 
•    It  was  by  th     ungen-^rous  mean  that  he  obtained. his  end. 

Industry  i»  the  -ean  of  obLainiag  competency. 

Though  a  promising  measure,  it  is  a  mean  which  I  cannot 
adoot. 

Th's  person  embraced  ey^ry  oppc^rtunity  ^o  display  his 
taleni-;  and  by  these  m;?aiis  rendered   r^nsLdf  ridicnlous. _ 

iforv*  j'l  was  industrious,  frugal,  a  d  discreet ;  and  by  this 
mea      v>otaini*d  property  and  reputatiaii. 

*  Stt;  the  Gr nmrasii',  twenti/Jlrst  Gditloiif  p.  15(5. 


Sule  8. J  Synfa^\  59 

2.  Religion  raises  men  above  themselves;  irreligion  sinks 
then»  beneath  the  brutes;  that,  binds  them  clown  to  a  poor 
pitiable  speck  of  perishable  earth ;  this  opens  for  them  a 
prospect  to  t!ie  skies. 

More  rain  falls  ii.  the  first  two  summer  months,  than  in 
the  first  two  winter  ones  :  but  it  makes  a  much  greater 
show  upon  the  earth  in  those  than  in  these  ;  because  there 
is  a  much  slower  evaporation. 

Rex  and  Tyrannusaie  of  very  different  characters.  The 
one  rules  his  people  by  laws  to  which  they  consent;  the 
other,  by  his  absolute  will  and  power;  this  is  called  free- 
dom, that,  tyran'  y. 

S.  Each  of  them,  in  their  turn,  receive  the  benefits  to 
which  tliey  are  entitled. 

My  couiisel  to  each  of  you  is.  that  you  should  make  it 
your  endeavour  to  come  to  a  friendly  agreement. 

By  discussing  what  relates  to  each  particular,  in  their  or- 
der, we  shall  better  understand  the  subject. 

Every  person,  whatever  be  tlieir  station,  are  bound  by  the 
duties  of  morality  and  religion. 

Every  leaf,  every  twig,  every  drop  of  water,  teem  with 
life. 

Every  man's  heart  and  temper  is  productive  of  much  in- 
ward joy  or  bitterness. 

AVJiatever  he  undertakes,  either  his  pride  or  his  folly  dis- 
gust us. 

Every  man  and  ever}'  woman  were  numbered. 

Neither  of  those  men  seem  to  have  any  idea,  that  their 
opinions  may  be  ill-founded. 

\\'hen  benijjnity  and  gentleness  reign  within,  we  are  al- 
ways least  in  liay.ard  fronj  with.out:  every  person,  and  eve- 
ry occurrence,  are  beheld  >u  the  most  favourable  light. 

On  either  side  of  the  river  was  there  the  tree  of  life. 

II.    ADJECTIVES. 

4.  She  reads  proper,  writes  very  neat,  and  composes  ac- 
curate. 

He  was  extreme  prodigal,  and  his  property  is  now  nearly 
exhausted. 

They  generally  succeeded;  for  they  lived  conformably  to 
the  rules  of  prudence. 

We  may  reason  very  clear  and  exceeding  strong,  with- 
out knowing  that  thtre  is  such  a  thing  as  a  syllogism. 

He  had  many  virtues,  and  was  exceeding  beloved. 


CO  English  Ejcercises.  (JRiile  8, 

The  amputation  was  exceeding  well  performed,  and  saved 
the  patient's  life. 

He  canie  a.:reeablp  to  his  promise,  and  conducted  him- 
self suitable  to  the  occasion. 

He  speaks  verj  tiuent,  r.  ads  excellent,  but  does  not  think 
very  coherent. 

He  behaved  himself  submissive,  and  was  exceeding  care- 
ful not  to  give  oftence. 

They  rejected  the  advice,  and  conducted  themselves  ex- 
ceedingly indiscreetly. 

He  is  a  person  of  great  abilities,  and  exceeding  uprio-ht : 
and  is  like  to  be  a  very  useful  member  of  community. 

The  conspiracy  was  the  easier  discovered,  from  its  being 
known  to  many. 

Not  being  fully  acquainted  with  the  subject,  he  could  af- 
firm no  strono:er  than  he  did. 

He  was  so  deeply  -impressed  with  the  subject,  that  few- 
could  speak  noblor  upon  it. 

We  may  credit  his  testimony,  for  he  says  express,  that  he 
saw  the  transaction. 

Use  a  little  wine  for  thy  stomach's  sake,  and  thine  often  in- 
firndties. 

From  these  faje&urable  beginnings,  we  may  hope  for  a  soon 
and  prosperous  issue.  -. 

He  ac^ dressed  several  exhortationsyo  them  suitably  to 
tlieir  circumstances. 

Conformab^  to  their  vehemence  of  thought,  was  their 
vehemence  of  gesture. 

AVe  should  implant  in  the  minds  of  joutli,  such  seeds 
and  principles  of  piety  and  virtue,  as  are  likely  to  take 
soonest  and  deepest  root. 

Such  an  amiable  disposition  will  secure  universal  regard. 

Such  distinguished  virtues  Seldom  occur. 

5.  'Tis  more  easier  to  build  two  cliimneys  than  to  main- 
tain one. 

Tlie  tongue  is  like  a  race-horse;  which  runs  the  faster 
the  lesser  weight  it  carries. 

The  pleasures  of  the  understanding  are  more  preferable 
than  those  of  the  imagination,  or  of  sense. 

The  nightingale  sings;  hers  is  the  most  sweetest  voice 
in  the  grove. 

The  Most  Highest  hath  created  us  for  his  glory,  and  our 
own  happiness. 


Rule  9.  J  Syntax,  61 

The  Supreme  Being  is  the  most  wisest,  and  most  pow- 
erfulest,  and  the  most    est  of  beings. 

6,  Virtue  confers  the  supremest  dignity  on  man ;  and 
should  be  his  <  hiefes  desire. 

His  assertion  was     'ore  true  than  that  of  his  opponent 
nav,  the  words  of  the  latter  were  nvos^t  untrue. 

His  work  is  perfect;  his  brother's  more  perfect;  and  his 
father's  the  most  perfect  of  all. 

He  gave  the  fullest  and  the  most  sincere  proof  of  the  tru- 
est friends';!  p. 

7,  A  talent  of  this  kind  would,  perhaps,  prove  the  likeli- 
est of  any  other  to  succeed. 

He  is  the  strongest  of  the  two,  but  not  tiie  wise^. 
He  spoke  with  so  much  propriety,  that  1  understood  him 
the  best^f  all  the  others,  who  spoke  on  the  subject. 
Eve  was  the  fairest  of  all  iier  daujjhters. 

8,  He  spoke  in  a  distinct  enough  manner  to  be  heard  bj 
the  whole  assembly. 

Thomas  is  equipped  with  anew  pair  of  shoes,  and  a  new 
pair  of  gloves:  he  is  the  servant  of  an  old  rich  man. 

The  two  first  in  the  row  are  cherry-trees,  tlie  two  others 
are  pear-trees. 

RULE  IX. 

The  article  a  or  an  agrees  with  nouns  in  the  singular 
number  only,  individually  or  collectively :  as,  '*a  Christian^ 
an  infidel,  a  acorey  a  thousand." 

The  definite  article  the  may  asree  with  nouns  in  the  sin- 
gular or  plural  numbei':  as,  **  The  gardens,  the  houses,  the 
stars" 

Vhe  articles  are  often  properly  omitted ;  when  used, 
theu  should  be  iustly  applied,  according  to  their  distinct  na- 
tun  :  as,'''  Gold  is  corrupting ;  The  sea  is  green;  A  lion 
is  bold.** 

Grammar,  p.  166.    Key,  p.  35. 

The  fire,  the  air,  the  earth,  aid  the  water,  are  four  ele- 
mer  Ts  fo»-  the  philosophers. 

R'^ason  was  given  to  a  man  to  control  his  passions. 

\^'e  have  within  us  an  intelligent  principle,  distinct  from 
body  and  from  matter. 

A  man  is  the  noblest  work  of  creation. 

'^Visest  and  best  men  sometimes  commit  errors. 
¥ 


§i2  English  Ejcercises,  (Rule  9, 

Beware  of  drunkenness:  it  impairs  understandino* ; 
wastes  aa  estate;  destroys  a  reputation;  <:onsuiTies  the 
body;  and  renders  the  ma-i  of  the  bri^^htest  parts  the  com- 
mon jest  of  the  meanest  ch)wn. 

He  is  a  much  better  writer  than  a  reader. 

The  kin'j;  has  conferred  on  him  th(^  ^itle  of  a  duke. 

Til-re  are  some  evils  of  life,  which  equally  atTect  prince 
and  oeople. 

yVt  must  act  o'jr  part  with  a  constancy,  though  reward 
of  our  constancy  be  distant. 

We  are  olaced  here  under  a  trial  of  our  virtue. 

The  virtues  like  his  are  not  easily  acquired.  Such  quali- 
ties honour  the  nature  of  man. 

Purity  has  its  seat  in  the  heart:  but  ext^^nds  its  iufluence 
over  so  much  of  outward  conduct,  as  to  form  the  great  and 
material  part  of  a  character. 

The  profligate  man  is  seldom  or  never  found  to  be  i\\^ 
good  husband,  th^  good  father,  or  the  beneficent  neighbour. 

True  charity  is  not  the  meteor,  w  »ich  occasionally  glares  ; 
but  the  luminary,  which,  in  its  orderly  and  regular  course, 
dispenses  benignant  influence. 

The  following  sputmces  exemjAify  the  notes  and  ohserva- 
iions  under  rulk  ix. 

Grammar,  p.  166.     Key,  p.  35. 

1.  He  his  been  much  censured  for  conductin2>himself  with 
a  little  atte'ition  to  his  business. 

So  bold  a  breach  of  order,  called  for  little  severity  in 
puni>hing  the  offender. 

His  error  was  accompanied  with  so  little  contrition  and 
candid  acknowledgement,  that  he  found  a  f -w  persons  to  in- 
tercede for  him. 

There  were  so  manv  miti2;atin2;  circumstances  attending 
his  misconduct,  particularly  tliat  of  his  open  confession,  ♦hat 
he  fouFid  few  friends  who  were  disposed  to  interest  them- 
selves in  his  favour. 

As  his  misfortunes  were  the  fruit  of  his  own  obstinacy,  a 
few  persons  pitied  him. 

2.  Tie  fear  of  shame,  and  desire  of  approbation,  prevent 
many  bad  actions. 

In  t!»is  business  he  was  influenced  by  a  justand  generou« 
principle. 

He  was  ffred  with  desire  of  doing  sometliing,  thougii  h^ 
know  not  yet,  with  distinctness,  either  end  or  mean*, 


Rule  10  J  Syntax,  63 

3.  At  worst,  I  could  but  incur  a  gentle  reprimand. 

At  best,  his  gift  was  but  a  poor  offering,  when  we  consid- 
er his  estate. 

RULE  X. 

One  substantive  governs  another,  signifijuig  a  different 
thing,  in  the  possessive  or  genitive  case:  as,  " .My  jatner's 
house;"  " ^Man's  happiness  ;*'  "  Virtue^ s  reward,'' 

Gi-ammiar,  p.  109.     Key,  p.  36. 

Mv  ancestors  virtue  is  nut  mine. 

His  brothers  offence  will  not  condemn  him. 

I  will  not  destroy  the  city  for  ten  sake. 

^Nevertheless,  Asa  his  heart  \va«:  perfect  wiih  the  Lord. 

A  motiier-  tenderness  and  a  fathers  care  are  natures  gift's, 
for  mans  advantage. 

A  i..ar.>  manner's  frequently  irfiuence  l.is  fortune. 

A\  isdoms  precepts'  form  the  good  mans  interest  and  hap- 
piness. 

Thev  slew  Varus,  he  that  was  mentioned  before. 

Tliey  slew  Varus,  who  was  him  that  I  mentioned  before. 

The  following  e.vamples  are  adapted  to  the  notes  and  oh- 
serviitions  binder  rule  x. 

Gfanimar,  p.  170,     Key,  p.  37". 

1.  It  was  the  men's  won»en's  and  children's  lot,  to  suffer 
great  calamities. 

Peter's,  John'a,  and  Andrew's  occupati(;n,  was  that  ol" fish- 
ermen. 

This  measure  gained  the  king,  as  well  as  the  people's  ap- 
probation. 

Not  only  the  counsel's  and  attorney's,  but  the  judge's 
opinion  idso,  favoured  his  caui^e. 

2.  And  he  cast  iiimself  «!own  at  Jesus  feet. 
M(ises  rod  was  turned  into  a  serpent. 

For  McTodias  sake,  his  biother  Philips  w ife. 

If  ye  sutltT  for  ri(.dUeoi.sness*s  sake,  happ}  are  }e. 

Ve  should  be  subject  for  cons?  ience's  sake. 

5.  ihey  very  justly  condemned  the  prodi|?al's,  as  he  was 
callecH  senseles'^  and  extrava^^ant  conduct. 

They  implicitly  obeyeu  the  protector's,  as  thej  called 
him,  im;u.'rious  mandate^. 

4.  1  bought  the  knives  at  Johnson's,  the  cutlerV. 


64  English  Exercises,  (Rule  l\. 

The  silk  was  purchased  at  Brown's,  the  mercer's  and  ha- 
berdasher's. 

Lord  Feversham  the  general's  tent. 

This  palace  had  been  the  grand  sultan's  Mahomet's. 

I  will  not  for  David's  thy  father's  sake. 

He  took  refuge  at  the  governor,  the  king's  representative's. 

AVhose  works  are  these  ^  They  are  Cicero,  the  most  elo- 
quent of  men's. 

5.  The  world's  government  is  not  left  to  chance. 
She  married  my  son's  w  ife's  brother. 

This  is  my  wife's  brother's  partner's  house. 

It  was  necessary  to  have  both  the  physician's  and  the 
surgeon's  advice. 

The  extent  of  the  prerogative  of  the  king  of  England,  is 
nufficiently  as^  ertained. 

6.  The  picture  of  the  king's  does  not  much  resemble  him. 
These  pictures  of  the  king  were  sent  to  him  from  Italy. 
This  estate  of  the  corporation's  is  much  encumbered. 
That  is  the  eldest  son  of  the  king  of  England's. 

7.  What  can  be  the  cause  of  the  parliament  neglecting  so 
important  a  bu  iness  } 

Much  depends  on  this  rule  being  observed. 

The  time  of  William  making  the  experiment  at  length 
arrived. 

It  is  very  probable  that  this  assembly  was  called  to  clear 
S9me  doubt  which  the  king  had,  about  the  lawfulness  of  the 
Hollanders  their  throwing  off  the  monarchy  of  Spain,  and 
their  withdrawing  entire  y  tlieir  allejciance  to  that  crown. 

If  we  alter  the  situation  of  anv  of  the  words,  we  shall 
presently  be  sensible  of  the  melody  sufterinj*-. 

Su(  h  will  ever  be  the  eft'ect  of  youth  associating  with  vi- 
cious companions. 

RULE  XI. 

»Sctive  verbs  govern  the  objective  case:  as,  "  Truth  enno- 
bles herf  *'  She  comforts  me  f'  "  T^h^y  support  us  ^  "  Vir- 
tue reicards  her  foUoicers" 

Grammar,  p.  175.    Key,  p.  38. 

They  who  opulence  has  made  proud,  and  who  luxury  has 
corr").ted,  cannot  relish  the  simple  pleasures  of  nature. 

You  have  reason  to  dread  his  wrath,  which  one  day  will 
destn  y  ye  both. 

^^  h')  have  1  reason  to  love  so  much  as  this  friend  of  my 
youth? 


Rule  13J  ^^j/n^^'i.^  6" 

mind  to  maintain  its  patience  and  tranquility,  under  injuries 
and  affliction,  and  to  cprdially  forgive  its  oppressors. 

It  is  the  difference  of  their  conduct,  which  makes  us  to 
approve  the  one,  an^  to  reject  the  other. 

We  shoukl  not  be  like  many  persons,  tq^depreciate  the 
virtues  we  do  not  possess. 

To   see  young  persons  who  are  courted  by  health  and 

{)leasure,  to  resist  all  the  allurements  of  vice,  and  to  steadi- 
y  pursue  virtue  and  knowledge,  is  cheering  and  delightful 
to  every  good  mind. 

They  acted  with  so  much  reserve,  that  some  persons 
doubted  them  to  be  sincere. 

And  the  multitude  wondered,  when  they  saw  the  lame  to 
walk,  and  the  blind  to  see. 

RULE  XIII. 

In  the  use  of  words  and  phrases  which,  in  point  of  time j 
relate  to  each  other,  a  dim  regard  to  that  relalinn  should  be 
observed.  Instead  of  sayiu<ry  "  The  Lord  hath  given,  and 
the  Lord  hath  taken  away;^^  ive  should  say,  *' The  Lord 
gave  and  the  Lord  hath  taken  away.*''  Instead  of,  **  1  re- 
member the  family  more  than  twenty  years;"  it  should  be, 
"  I  have  remembered  the  family  more  than  twenty  years." 
Grammai-,  p.  179,     Key,  p.  41. 

The  next  new  year's  day  1  shall  be  at  school  three  years. 

And  he  thai,  was  dead,  sat  up,  and  began  to  speak. 

I  should  be  obliged  to  him,  if  he  will  gratify  me  in  that 
particular. 

And  the  multitude  wondered,  when  they  saw  the  dumb 
to  speak,  the  maimed  to  be  whole,  the  lame  walk,  and  the 
blind  seeing. 

I  have  compassion  on  the  multitude,  because  they  contin- 
ue with  me  now  three  days. 

In  the  treasury  belonging  to  the  Cathedral  in  this  city,  is 
preser\ed  with  the  greatest  veneration,  for  upwards  of  six 
hundred  years,  a  dtsh  which  they  pretended  to  be  made  of 
emerald. 

The  court  of  Rome  gladly  laid  hold  on  all  the  opportuni- 
ties, whicli  the  imprudence,  weakness,  or  necessities  of 
princes,  afford  it,  to  extend  its  authority. 

i'iem^s  he  mo\^-hi^  silver  shalts  resound. 

They  maintained  that  scriptuse  conclusion,  that  all  o^an- 
khid  riseltOm  one  head. 


<j5  English  Ejjercises  (Rule  12. 

Search  the  scriptures ;  for  in  them  ve  think  ye  have  eter- 
nal life :  and  they  are  them  which  testify  of  ine. 

Be  composed :  it  is  me;  you  have  no  cause  tor  fear. 

1  cannot  tell  who  has  befrie>ided  me,  unless  it. is  him 
from  whom  I  have  received  many  benefits. 

I  know  not  whether  it  were  them  who  conducted  the  bu- 
siness;  but  I  am  certain  it  was  not  him. 

He  so  much  resembled  my  brother,  that,  at  first  sight,  I 
took  it  to  be  he. 

After  all  their  professions,  is  it  possible  to  be  them  .^ 

It  could  not  have  been  her,  for  she  always  behaves  dis- 
creetly. 

If  it  was  not  liim,  who  do  you  imagine  it  to  have  been  ? 

Who  do  you  think  him  to  be? 

M'hom  do  the  people  say  that  we  are  ? 

5.  Whatever  others  do,  let  thou  and  I  act  wisely. 

Let  them  and  we  unite  to  oppose  this  growing  evil. 

RULE  XII. 

One  verb  governs  another  that  follows  it,  or  depends  up' 
on  it  in  the  injinifive  mood:  as,  "  Cease  to  do  evil ;  learn 
to  do  'veil ;"  "  We  should  be  prepared  to  render  an  account  of 
our  actions." 

Tue  preposition  to,  though  generalhj  used  before  the  lat- 
ter I'frO,  is  sometimes  properly  omitted  :  as,  "  /  heard  him 
say  it ;"  instead  of '-  to  say  it.*^ 

Giammar,  p.  178.     Key,  p.  40. 

It  is  better  to  live  on  a  little,  than  outlive  a  great  deal. 
You  ought  net  to  walk  too  hastily. 
I  wish  him  not  wrestle  with  hi?  happiness. 
I  need  not  to  solicit  him  to  do  a  kind  action. 
I  dare  not  to  proceed  so  hastily,  lest  I  should  give  offence. 
1  have  seen  some  young  persons  to  conduct  themselves 
very  discreetly. 

The  following  sentences  exemplify  the  notes  andobsei- 
vaiiuns  under  rule  xii. 

Grammar,  p.  179      Key,  p.  41. 

1.  It  Is  a  great  support  to  virtue,  wheii^i^  see  a  good 

t>0SCvlls'nn  a  man  of  learning;"  that  is,  "lie  seems  io  ve  tlie  leader  of  the 
f.artv,"  ice. —  V'.juns  in  apposition,  are  in  the  same  case  :  as,  «'  We  named 
,*ie  nan  i^ompey  ;"  "They  iriay  term  Charles  a  visicmai'}',  but  trtey  o^ximc*^ 
•all  h -^  a  deceiver;"  "  iWtcnsiHS  died  a  martyr ;"  "The  gentle  biUney 
' »▼<;(!  the  "ihepUcrd's  friend." 


Rule  1 4. J  Syntax.  6*, 

To  be  censured  by  him,  would  soon  have  proved  an  insu- 
perable discouragement. 

Him  portion'd  maids,  apprentic'd  orphans  blest. 
The  young  who  labour,  and  the  old  who  rest. 

The  doctor,  in  his  lecture,  said,  that  fever  always  produ- 
ced thirst. 

RULE  XIV. 

Participles  have  the  same  government  as  the  verbs  have 
from  which  they  are  derived ;  as^  **  lam  weary  with  hear* 
'ii(^  him ;"  "  She  is  instructing  us  ;'*  "  The  tutor  is  admon^ 
ishins  Charles,** 

Grammar,  p.  184.    Key,  p.  44.* 

EsTEEMivo  theirselves  wise,  they  became  fools. 

Suspecting  not  only  ye,  but  they  also,  1  was  studious  to 
avoid  all  intercourse. 

I  could  not  avoid  considering,  in  some  degree,  they  as  en- 
en  ies  to  me  ;  and  he  as  a  suspicious  friend. 

From  having  exposed  himself  too  freely  in  different  cli- 
mates, he  entirely  lost  his  health. 

The  examples  ivhich  follow,  are  suited  to  the  notes  and 
observations  under  rule  xiv. 

Grammar,  p.  184.    Key,  p.  45, 

1.  By  observing  of  truth,  you  will  command  esteem,  as 
well  a>  secure  peace. 

He  prejjured  thiMii  for  this  event,  by  the  sending  to  them 
pmper  informatiot  . 

A  p'^rson  cna>  be  great  or  rich  ny  chance  ;  but  cannot  be 
wise  (tr  good,  w  tl>out  t'  e  tisking  j  ains  for  if. 

N  thing  cowld  have  m  -de  le  so  u;ihappy,  as  the  marry- 
ing I  mat)  who  possessed  sUv  h  ptinc.ples. 

'I'he  cha  i:;inv:  t  mes  and  se-ison.^  t  o  removing  and  set* 
tin«  up  kin  rs,  belong  t-»  Provid  nee  al^^ne 

riie  middle  stati  -n  <if  life  ^e*  ms  t<»  l)e  the  most  advan^a* 
■geon-slv  s  tua^ed  fo   gti  ling  of  wsd-nn      Poverty  turns  our 
tho  g  its  too  '  uch  u;.on  t  e  sip  jlrirg  our  wants  ;  and  rich- 
es upon  the  enjoving  onr  sj  .eifli'ities. 

Pliny,  speicing  'f  Cato  the  Cen  o  *s  disapproving  the 
Gr^i  »n  o^atonfe,  expressed  hirasolf  thus. 

•T'lough  the  participle  is  not  apart  of  si>eech  distinct  from  the  verb, 
yet  as  ion  us  a  particiil  .  and  striking  part  of  Uie  vei-b,  ;...d  has  some  lu.ct 
and  ob  I"  :t»ions  which  ar.  peculiar  to  it,  we  tbiok  it  is  entitled  to  a  sepa*' 
rate,  iU«tinctive  conuUeration. 


r@  English  Exercises.  (Rule  14. 

Propriety  of  pronunciation  is  the  giving  to  every  word 
that  sound,  'vvhich  the  most  polite  usage  of  the  language  ap- 
propriates to  it. 

The  not  attending  to  this  rule,  is  the  cause  of  a  very  com- 
mon error. 

This  was  in  fact  a  converting  the  deposite  to  his  own  use. 

2.  There  wdl  be  no  danger  of  their  spoiling  their  faces, 
or  of  their  gainin;;  converts. 

For  his  avoiding  that  precipice,  he  is  indebted  to  his 
friend's  care. 

It  w^as  from  our  misunderstanding  the  directions,  that  wc 
lost  our  way. 

iu  tracing  of  his  history,  we  discover  little  that  is  worthy 
of  imitation. 

By  residing  of  books  .vritten  by  the  best  authors,  his 
mind  becomt-  highly  i'lproved. 

3.  By  too  e  iger  pursuit,  he  run  a  great  risk  of  being  dis- 
d]ppointed. 

He  had  not  long  enjoyed  repose,  before  he  begun  to  be 
weary  of  havini:  nothing  to  do. 

He  was  greatlj  heated,  and  drunk  with  avidity. 

Though  his  conduct  was,  in  some  respects,  ex (tptionable, 
yet  he  dared  not  commit  so  great  an  ofl'eace,  as  that  Which 
was  proposed  to  him.  , 

A  spcond  deluj^e  learning:  tlms  o'errun  ; 

And  the  rnoriks  finish'd  wh.it  the  Goths  began. 

If  some  events  h-ad  not  fell  out  very  unexpectedly,  I 
shouhl  have  been  present. 

He  would  have  wl  nt  with  us,  had  he  been  invited. 

He  returned  the  goods  which  iie  had  stole,  and  made  all 
the  reparaiion  in  hir;  powers 

They  have  chose  the  part  of  honour  and  virtue. 

His  vices  have  weakened  his  m  nd,  and  br;  ke  his  health. 

He  had  mistool-  his  true  interest,  and  found  himself  for- 
soo!-  by  his  fornvr  adherent^. 

The  bread  that  has  been  eat  is  seon  f  >!got. 

No  conteijtjons  have  aro^e  amorig>t  ihem  since  their  re-^ 
corriiiation. 

The  cloth  had  no  seam,  but  was  wove  throughout. 

Tiie  Fench  haiignaj^i  is  spoke  iij  every  state  in  Europe. 

His  resolution  was  too  strong  to  be  shook  by  slight  o})po- 
sition. 

'it  was  not  much  restrained  afterwards,  having  took  im- 
proper libeities  at  tirst. 


Rii^e  1 5.)  Svnfax,  71 

He  has  not  yet  wore  oif  the  rou^h  manners,  wliich  he 
broil  iiht  with  him. 

You  who  have  forsook  jour  friends,  are  entitled  to  no  con- 
fid  nee. 

They  who  have  bore  a  part  in  the  labour,  shall  share  the 
rewariTs. 

When  the  rules  have  been  wantonly  broke,  there  can  be 
BO  plea  for  favour. 

He  writes  as  the  best  authors  would  have  wrote,  had  they 
writ  on  tht  sam?  subject. 

He  heaDt  U'^  ;  reat  riches,  but  past  his  t'me  m'serably. 

He  talkt  and  stampt  with  such  vehemence,  that  he  was 
suspected  to  be  insane.  * 

RULE  XV. 

Ji'ivpvhfi,  though  theif  hivf  ??o  *::  wemmpYif  of  ca'^e,  tptise, 
Sfc.  require  an  appropriate  fiifua^inn  in  the  :ipnfenr  ,  viz.  for 
the  mofit  p'trt  before  afj^ctivei^,  iff er  verbs  acVvo  or  neiitpr; 
an^i  frprjnp.nt^y  hpfivppn  the  nn  vViarif  and  the  vp^h  :  ns,  '•  ffe 
mnJc  n  veri/  fien<iihlp  di<ico>(r<ip  ;  he  spoke  un  >f^ectpdlu  and 
forcibli/j  and  was  attentivplif  heard  btf  the  whoh  assembly. 

Grammar,  p.  186.     Key,  '•.  48. 

He  was  pleaein?  not  often,  because  he  was  vain. 

W'-lliani  nobly  actpd,  ^h  vjrh  he  was  unsucr^ssful. 
•    We  m^v  happih  live  thou  'h  ouf  possessions  are  srmll. 

From  whence  we  may  date  likewise  the  period  of  this 
event. 

It  cannot  be  impertinent  or  ridiculous  therefore  to  re- 
mon>tnitp. 

He  ofter-pd  an  apology,  which  beins;  not  admitted,  he  be- 
came sub'nissive. 

These  things  shouh'  be  never  separated. 

Unless  he  have   'nore  ^joverntnent  of  himself,  he  will  be 
alwa^s  discontented. 

N  "ver  sovpr^iirn  was  so  much  beloved  by  the  people. 

He  was  determined  to  invite  back  the  kin^,  and  to  call 
tojTPther  his  frJPiids. 

So  well  educated  a  bov  2;ivps  2;reat  hopes  to  his  friends. 

Not  only  he  found  her  e  nployed,  but  pleased  and  tran- 
quil aUo. 

We  always  should  prefer  our  l-ity  to  our  pleasure. 

It  is  i  npossible  continually  ♦^obe  a*:  work. 

The  heavenly  bodies  are  in  motion  perpetually. 


7t  English  Exercises.  -  (Rule  16. 

Having  not  know  ,  or  having  not  considered,  the  meas- 
ures (jr'  posed,  he  failed  of  success. 

My  opinion  was  given  on  rather  a  cursor  j  perusal  of  the 
book. 

It  is  too  common  with  mankind,  to  be  engrossed,  and 
overcome  totally,  by  pres.  nt  events. 

When  the  lloma- s  were  pressed  with  a  f  >reign  enemjr, 
the  women  co  tr^buted  all  their  rings  and  jewels  voluntari- 
ly, to  assist  the  government, 

Tue  following  sentences  exemplify  the  notes  and  obsef 
vationti  under  hule  xv. 

G''ainrnar,  p.  188'     Key,  p.  49. 

1.  They  could  not  persuade  him,  though  they  were  never 
so  elnqiH  nt. 

If  somt'  persons'  opportunities  were  never  so  favourable, 
they  W(!ul(l  be  too  indolent  to  improve  them. 

2.  He  drew  up  a  jjetition,  where  he  too  freely  represent- 
ed his  own  merits. 

His  fo  lie^  had  reduced  him  to  a  situation  where  he  had 
much  to  fear,  and  noHiing  to  hope. 

It  is  reported  that  the  prince  will  come  here  to-inorrow.    ' 
George  is  active;  he  walked  there  in  less  than  An  hour. 
Where  are  you  all  going  in  such  hast    ? 
"Whither  have  they  been  since  they  left  the  city  .'' 

3.  Charles  left  the  seminary  too  early,  sinoe  v/hen  he  has 
madt  very  little  improvement. 

Nothing  is  better  wor  h  the  while  of  young  persons,  than 
the  acquisition  of  knowledge  and  virtue. 

RULE  XVI. 

Two  negatives  in  English,  destroy  one  another^  or  are 
equivalent  to  an  affirmative :  as,  "  JSTor  did  tliey  not  per* 
ceive  him  ;"  that  is,  **  they  did  perceive  him^  •*  His  lan- 
guage^  though  inelegant ^  is  not  ungrammatical  /'*  that  is,  **  it 
is  grammatical." 

Grammar,  p.  189.     Key,  p.  50. 

Neither  riches  nor  honours,  nor  no  such  perishing  goods, 
can  satisfy  the  desires  of  an  immortal  spirit. 

Be  honest,  nor  take  no  shape  nor  semblance  of  disguise. 

\\  e  need  not,  nor  do  not  confine  his  operations  to  narrow 
lindt*. 

1  ;ini  resolved  not  to  comply  witli  the  proposal,  neither  at 
present,  Hor  at  any  ether  time. 


iiule  \7.j  SifntaA\  :o 

There  cannot  be  notk'iRg  rnore  insignificant  than  varitj. 

Nothing  never  affected  her  so  much  as  this  misconduct 
of  her  child. 

Do  not  interrupt  me  yourselves,  nor  let  no  one  disturb 
my  retirrment. 

These  people  do  not  judge  wisely,  nor  take  no  proper 
measure  to  effect  their  purpose. 

The  measure  is  so  exceptionable,  that  we  cannot  by  no 
means  permit  it. 

I  have  received  no  infonuation  on  the  subject,  neither 
■from  him  nor  tVom  his  friend. 

Precept  nor  discipline  is  not  so  forcible  as  example. 

1  he  king  nor  the  queea  was  not  all  deceived  in  tiie  busi- 
ness. 

RULE  XVII. 

Prepositions  frovern  the  ohjectice  case :  as,  "  1  have  heard 
a  frood  charnctj'r  of  her  C*    *'  From  him  that  is  needy  mm 
not  airay;'*  *' J  word  to  the  wise  is  siiJJ'cient  for  them'y" 
'*  ffe  may  be  good  and  happif  wiVtout  riches.'* 
Grammar,  p.  190.     Key,  p.  50. 

AVe  are  all  accountable  creature*,  each  for  himself. 

They  willinjrly,  and  of  theirselves,  endeavoured  to  make 
up  the  difference. 

He  laid  the  suspicion  upon  somebody,  I  know  not  who  in 
vbe  company. 

I  hope  it  is  not  T  who  he  is  displeased  with. 

To  poor  we  there  is  not  much  hope  remaining. 

Does  that  boy  know  who  he  speaks  to  r  AMio  does  he  of- 
fer such  lans[ua2;e  to? 

It  was  not  he  that  they  were  so  angry  with. 

"SVhat  concord  cap  subsist  beiween  tl.ose  who  commit 
crimes,  and  thev  who  abhor  them  r 

The  person  who  I  travelled  with,  has  sold  the  horse  which 
he  rode  on  during:  our  journey. 

It  is  not  I  he  is  enjrajred  with. 

Who  did  he  receive  that  intelligence  from  r 

The  following  excmivles  are  ada}jted  to  the  notes  and  ob- 
servations undei'  rule  xvii. 

Grammar,  p.  190.     Key,  p.  51. 

1.  To  have  no  one  who:'->  ^^e  heartily  wish  well  to,  and 
whom  we  are  warmly  concerned  for,  is  a  deplorable  state. 
■G 


'/4  English  Ea-ercises.  (Mule  V* 

He  is  a  friend  whom  I  am  highly  indebted  to. 

2.  On  these  occasions,  the  pronoun  is  governed  by,  and 
consequently  agrees  with,  the  preceding  word. 

Thev  were  refused  entrance  into,  and  forcibly  driven 
from,  the  house. 

3.  We  are  often  disappointed  of  things,  which,  before 
possession,  promised  much  enjoyment. 

I  have  frequently  desired  their  company,  but  have  al- 
ways hitherto  been  disappointed  in  that  pleasure. 

4.  She  finds  a  diffi>  ulty  of  fixing  her  mind. 

Her  sobriety  is  no  derogation  to  her  understanding. 

There  was  no  water  and  he  died  for  thirst. 

We  can  fully  confide  on  none  but  the  truly  good. 

r  have  no  occasion  of  his  services. 

Many  have  profited  from  good  advice. 

Many  ridiculous  practices  have  been  brought  in  vogue. 

The  error  was  occasioned  by  compliance  to  earnest  en- 
treaty. 

This  is  a  principle  in  unison  to  our  nature. 

We  should  entertain  no  prejudices  to  simple  and  rustic 
per>ons. 

They  are  at  present  resolved  of  doing  their  duty. 

That  boy  is  known  un#er  the  name  of  the  Idler. 

Though  conformable  with  custom,  it  is  not  warrantable., 

This  remark  is  founded  \-\  truth, 

Hii  parents  think  on  him,  and  his  improvements,  with 
pleasure  and  hope. 

His  excuse  was  admitted  of  by  his  master. 

What  went  ye  out  for  to  see  ?   ^   ^ 

There  appears  to  have  been  a  million  of  men  brought  into 

the  field. 

His  present  was  accepted  of  by  his  friends. 

More  than  a  thousand  of  men  were  destroyed. 

It  is  my  request,  that  he  w^ill  be  particular  in  speaking  to 
the  following  points. 

The  Saxon  reduced  the  greater  part  of  Britain  to  their 
own  power. 

He  lives  opposite  the  Royal  exchange. 

Their  house  is  situated  to  the  north-east  side  of  the  road. 

The  performance  was  approved  of  by  all  who  understood  it. 

He  was  accused  with  having  acted  unfairly. 

She  has  an  abhorrence  to  all  deceitful  conduct. 

Thev  were  some  distance  from  hoiue,  when  the  accident 
happened. 


Mute  18.  J  Sijniacc.  /"o 

His  deportment  was  adapted  for  conciliating  regard. 

My  father  writes  me  vei  v  frequently. 

Their  conduct  was  agreeable  mth  their  profession. 

We  went  leisurely  above  stairs  and  came  hastily  beloWi 
We  shall  write  up  stairs  this  forenoon,  and  down  stairs  in 
the  afternoon. 

The  politeness  of  the  world  has  the  same  resemblance 
with  benevolence,  that  the  shadow  has  with  the  substance. 

He  had  a  taste  of  such  studies,  and  pursued  them  ear- 
nestly. 

When  we  have  had  a  true  taste  for  the  pleasures  of  vir- 
tue, we  can  have  no  relish  of  those  of  vice. 

How  happy  is  it  to  know  how  to  live  at  tim  s  by  one's 
self,  to  leave  one's  self  in  regret,  to  find  one's  self  again 
with  pleasure !   The  world  is  then  less  necessary  for  us. 

Civility  makes  its  way  among  everv  kind  of  persons. 

5.  I  have  been  to  London,  after  having  resided  a  year  at 
France;  and  I  now  live  in  lsli!i;^ton. 

Till  y  have  just  landed  in  Hull,  and  are  gointr  f<>r  Liver- 
pool.   They  intend  to  reside  some  time  at  Ireland. 

RULE    XVIII. 

Conjunctions  connect  the  same  mooch  and  tenses  of  verbs, 
and  cases  of  nouns  aud  pronunns  :  as,  "  Candour  is  lo  be 
approved  awl  practiatd /'  **  If  thou  sincerely  desire,  and 
earnestly  pursue  virtue^  she  ivitl  assuredly  be  found  by  thee, 
and  prove  a  rick  reward;'*  *' The  master  taught  her  and 
me  to  write  ;"  " lie  and  she  were  schoolfellows" 

Grammar,  p.  194.     Key,  p.  53. 

Professing  regard,  and  to  act  differently,  discover  a  base 
mind. 

Did  he  not  tell  me  his  fault,  and  entreated  me  to  forgive 
him  ? 

JViy  brother  awd  him  are  tolerable  grammarians. 

If  he  understand  the  subject,  and  attends  to  it  industri- 
ously, he  can  scarcely  fail  of  success. 

You  and  us  enjoy  many  privileges. 

If  a  man  have  a  hundred  sheep,  and  one  of  them  is  gone 
astray,  dotli  he  not  leave  the  ninety  and  nine,  and  goeth  into 
the  mountaiiis, and  seeketh  that  which  is  gone  astray? 

She  and  him  are  very  unhappily  connected. 

To  be  moderate  in  our  view?,  and  proceeding  temperately 
in  the  pursuit  of  them,  is  the  best  way  to  ensure  success* 


.^6  English  Exercises.  (Rule  19> 

Between  him  and  I  there  is  some  disparity  of  years  ;  but 
none  between  him  and  she. 

By  ioi  mii'^  themselves  on  fantastic  models,  and  ready  to 
vie  vvith  one  another,  in  the  reii^ningfollies,  the  young  begin 
v/ith  being  ridiculous,  and  end  witti  being  vicious  and  im- 
moral. 

Tde  foHow'mg  sentences  exemplify  the  notes  and  ohserva-- 
lions  under  rule  xviii. 

d'ammar,  p.  195,     Key,  p,  54. 

1.  We  liave  met  with  many  disappointments;  and,  it* 
life  coiitHiiie,  shall  probably  meet  with  many  more. 

Rank  raay  confer  influence,  but  vrill  not  necessarily  pro- 
duce virtue. 

He  do.^s  not  want  cou'*age,  but  is  defective  in  sensibility. 

These  people  have  indeed,  acquired  great  riches,  but  do 
not  command  es  eem. 

Oar  season  of  miprovement  is  short ;  and,  whether  used 
or  not,  vv^il!  soon  pjss  aVay. 

He  might  have  been  happy,  and  is  now  fully  convinced 
of  it. 

Learning  strengthens  the  mind ;  and,  if  properly  applied^ 
will  improve  our  morals  too. 

RULE  XIX. 

3ome  conjunctions  require  the  indicative,  some  the  snh- 
janctive  rtuud,  after  ihprn.  It  i>  a  general  riUe^  that  when 
aomethiig  contingpat  or  doubtful  is  implied,  the  subjunctive 
ow^ht  to  be  usi'd:  as, »'  If  1 1 cere  to  write,  he  would  not  re- 
gard it ;"  '*  He  'vill  not  be  pardoned  imless  he  repent.'^ 

Corijuncilons  that  are  of  a  positive  and  absolute  mture^ 
■require  the  Indicative  mood.    '^  As  virtue  advances^  so  vice 
recedes y'  "  He  is  healthy,  because  he  is  temperate,*^ 
Grammar;  p.  i  9G.     Key,  p.  54. 

If  he  acquires  riches,  tiiey  will  corrupt  his  mind,  and  be 
useless  to  others. 

Though  he  !irges  me  yet  more  earnestly,  1  shall  not  com- 
ply, unle-s  he  advances  morf*  forcible  reasons, 

1  shall  walk  in  th-^*  fields  to-day,  unless  it  rains. 

As  the  governess  W'ire  present,  the  children  behaved  prop- 
erly. 

She  disapproved  the  measure,  because  it  were  very  imF 
proper. 

Though  he  be  high,  he  hath  respect  to  the  lowly* 


Mule  19.  J  Syntax,  77 

Thouo^li  he  were  her  friend,  he  did  not  attempt  to  justify 
her  conduct. 

Whether  he  improve  or  not,  I  cannot  determine. 

Though  the  fact  be  extraordinary,  it  certainly  did  happen. 

Remember  what  thou  wert,  and  be  humble. 

0  !  that  his  heart  was  tender,  and  susceptible  of  the  woes 

of  others. 

Shall  then  this  verse  to  future  age  pretend, 
Thou  wert  my  guide,  philosoplier,  and  friend  ? 

The  examples  which  follew,  are  suited  to  the  notes  and' 
observations  under  rule  xix. 

Grammar,  p,  197.    Key,  p.  55. 

1.  Despise  not  any  condition,  lest  it  happens  to  be  your 
own. 

iiet  him  that  is  sanguine,  take  heed  lest  he  miscarries. 

Take  care  that  thou  breakest  not  any  of  the  established 
rules. 

If  he  does  but  inti  mate  his  desire,  it  will  be  sufficient  to 
produce  obedience. 

At  the  time  of  his  return,  if  he  is  but  expert  in  the  busi- 
ness, he  will  find  employment. 

If  he  do  but  spoak  to  display  his  abilities,  he  is  unworthy 
of  attention. 

If  he  be  but  in  health,  I  am  content. 

If  he  doe^  promise,  he  will  certainly  perform. 

Though  he  do  praise  her,  it  is  onl^  forh  r  beauty. 

If  thou  oost  ni.t  forgive,  perhaps  thou  wilt  not  be  forgiven. 

If  thou  do  sincerely  believe  the  truths  of  religion,  act  ac- 
cordingly. 

2.  His  confused  behaviour  made  it  reasonable  to  suppose 
thut  he  were  guiltv. 

He  is  so  conscious  of  deserving  the  rebuke,  that  he  dare 
not  make  any  reply. 

Hi  -  apolo'jy  was  so  plausible,  that  many  befriended  him, 
and  thought  he  were  ijjnocent. 

3.  If  one  man  prefer  a  life  of  industry,  it  is  be.  ause  he 
has  an  idea  <>f  comfort  in  wealth ;  if  another  prefers  a  life 
ot  giiety,  it  is  from  a  like  idea  loncernins  pleasure. 

No  one  engajes  in  th  »t  business,  unless  he  aim  at  reputa- 
tion, or  holies  for  so  lie  singular  advantage. 

T'jongh  the  design  be  l.iudable,  and  is  favourable  to  our 
inter^**t,  it  will  involve  aiuch  anxiety  aad  labour. 

4.  Unless  he  learns  faster,  he  will  be  no  scholar. 

G    2 


78  English  Exercises.  (Rule  19. 

Though  he  falls,  he  shall  not  he  utterly  cast  down- 

On  condition  that  he  comes,  I  will  consent  to  stay. 

However  that  affair  terminates,  my  conduct  will  t>e  unim- 
pearhable. 

If  virtue  re^^ards  us  not  so  soon  as  we  desire,  the  pay- 
ment will  be  made  with  interest. 

Till  repentance  composes  his  mind,  he  will  be  a  stranger 
to  peace. 

Whe.her  he  confesses,  or  not,  the  truth  will  certainly  be 
tliscovered. 

If  thou  censure=^"  uncharitably,  thou  wilt  be  entitled  to 
?.io  favour. 

Though  at  times,  the  ascent  to  the  te^iple  of  virtue,  ap- 
pears steep  and  cr  ggy,  be  not  discouraged.  Persevere  un- 
til thou  gainest  the  summit :  there,  all  is  order,  beauty,  and 
pleasure. 

If  Charlotte  desire  to  gain  esteem  and  love,  she  does  not 
employ  the  proper  means. 

Unless  the  accountant  deceive  me,  my  estate  is  consider- 
ably improved. 

Though  self-government  produce  some  uneasiness,  it  is 
hght,  when  compared  with  the  pain  of  vicious  indulgence. 

Whether  he  think  =  s  he  speaks,  time  will  discover. 

If  thou  censure  un^  haritably,  thou  deservest  no  favour. 

Though  virtue  appear  severe,  she  is  truly  amiable. 

Though  success  be  very  doubtful,  it  is  proper  that  he  en- 
•tieavours  to  succeed, 

5.  If  thou  liave  promised,  be  faithful  to  thy  engagement. 
Though  he  have  proved  his  right  to  submission,  he  is  toe 

generous  to  exact  it. 

Unless  he  have  improved,  he  is  unfit  for  the  office. 

6.  If  thou  had  succeeded,  perhaps  thou  wouldst  not  be 
the  happier  for  it. 

Unless  thou  shall  see  the  propriety  of  the  measure,  we 
shall  not  desire  thy  support. 

Though  thou  will  not  acknowledge,  thou  canst  not  deny 
the  fact. 

7.  If  #thou  gave  liberally,  thou  wilt  receive  a  liberal  re« 
ward. 

Though  thou  did  injure  him,  he  harbours  no  reisentment. 

It  would  be  well,  if  the  report  was  only  the  misrepresent- 
action  of  her  fnemie*. 

Was  he  ever  80  great  and  ©puient,  this  conduct  would  do 
base  him. 


Mule  19.  j)  Syntax.  79 

Was  I  to  enumerate  aH  her  virtues,  it  would  iook  like 
flatu'ry. 

Though  I  was  perfect,  yet  would  1  not  presume. 

8.  If  thou  may  share  in  his  labours,  be  thankful  and  do  it 
cheertully. 

Unless  thou  can  fairly  support  the  cause,  give  it  up  hon- 
ourably. 

Though  thou  might  have  foreseen  the  danger,  thou  couldst 
not  have  avoiied  it. 

If  thou  could  convince  him,  he  would  not  act  accordingly* 

If  tlou  would  improve  in  knowledge,  be  (iiligent, 

Un;  _ss  thou  sliould  make  a  timely  retreat,  tiie  danger 
will  be  una>oidable.  \ 

1  have  laboured  and  wearied  myself,  that  thou  may  be  at 
tase. 

He  enlarged  or  those  dan2;ers,  that  thou  should  avoid  them, 

9.  Neither  the  co:d  or  the  fe.  vid,  but  characters  uniform- 
ly wa  m,  ai  e  form^^d  for  friendship. 

They  are  both  praise-worthy,  and  one  is  equally  deserving 
as  th.e other.. 

He  is  not  so  diligent  and  learned  as  his  brother. 

1  will  present  it  to  him  viyself,  or  direct  it  to  be  given  ta 
kiiii. 

Neither  despise  or  oppose  what  thou  dost  not  understand. 

The  house  is  not  as  commndums  as  we  exp(  cted  it  would 
be. 

I  must,  however,  be  so  candid  to  own  I  have  been  mista- 
ken. 

There  was  something  so  amiable,  and  yet  so  piercing  ia 
kis  look,  as  affected  me  at  once  with  love  and  terror.. 

-. "  I  gaiuM  a  son  ; 

And  such  a  son,  as  all  men  haird  me  happy".'*' 

The  dog  in  the  manner  would  not  eat  the  hay  himself^ 
nor  suffer  the  ox  to  eat  it. 

*'  far  as  I  am.  al»le  to  judge,  tie  book  is  well  written. 

AVe  should  fiithfuliy  perform  the  trust  committed  to  us, 
W  ini:;t,nuously  relinquish  the  charge. 

He  is  not  .is  eminent,  and  as  much  esteemed  as  he  thinks 
kimself  to  be. 

Tlie  work  is  a  dull  performance  ;  and  is  neither  capable 
of  plouvingthe  understanding,  or  the  imagination. 

There  is  no  condition  bo'securcj  as  cauQot  admit  of  change. 


80  English  Exercises.  (Rule  20, 

This  is  an  event,  which  nobudy  presumes  upon,  oris  so 
sanguine  to  hope  for. 

We  are  g;enerally  pleased  with  any  little  accomplishraents 
of  bod>  or  mi  ml. 

10.  Be  ready  to  succour  such  persons  who  need  thy  as- 
sistance. , 

The  matter  was  no  sooner  proposed,  but  he  privately 
witiidrew  to  consider  ii. 

He  has  to  >  much  sense  and  prudence  th^n  to  become  a 
dupe  to  such  ar  itic-s» 

It  i-^  not  i^^Jfficient  that  our  conduct,  15  far  as  it  respects 
others,  appeal's  to  be  ur.esceptiona  de. 

The  resotutio.'  as  not  the  less  fixed,  th=- .  the  secret  was 
yet  CO  iimunic  ited  to  very  few. 

He  opposed  the  most  remarkable  corruptions  of  the  church 
of  Rome,  so  as  that  his  doctrines  were  embraced  by  great 
Bu  hbers. 

He  gained  nothing  further  by  his  speech,  but  only  to  be 
commended  for  his  eloquence. 

Hr  has  1  tt;e  miire  of  the  scholar  besides  the  name. 

He  has   itt'e  o    the  scholar  than  the  nasne. 

They  had  no  sooner  risen,  but  they  applied  themselves  to 
their  studies 

From  no  other  institution,  besides  the  admirable  one  of 
juries,  could  so  gieat  a  benefit  be  expected. 

Those   savage  people  seemed  to  have  no  other  element 

but  war.. 

Such  men  that  act  treacherously  oudit  to  be  avoided. 

GenTtar.y  ran  the  sam*^  risk  as  Italy  had  done. 

!No  errors  are  so  trivial,  but  they  deserve  to  be  corrected.. 

RULE    XX. 

When  the  qualities  of  different  things  are  compared,  the 
latti^r  noun  or  pronoun  i»  not  governed  by  the  conjunction 
than  or  as,  but  agrees  with  the  verb,  or  is  governed  h>  iJie 
verb  or  the  prt  position,  eotpressed  or  understood :  as,  "  'JHiou 
art  Hser  than  i;"  that  is,  "than  I  am.'*  ^^  Thny  loved 
him  more  than  me ;"  that  is,  "  more  Vmn  tfiey  loved  nie,''* 
"  i^he  sentiment  is  wed  expressed  by  Plato,  but  much  better 
by  Solomon  than  himv^  that  is,  "than  by  himJ^ 
Grammar,  p.  206.     Kev,  p.  60. 

In  seme  res;  ects.^  we  have  had  as  many  advantages  as 
them  :  biit  in  tl-e  arti.  le  of  a  good  library,  they  have  liad  a- 
greater  priviicj^e  thau  us. 


Side  21.  J  Syntace.  81 

Tlie  undertaking  ^vas  much  better  executed  by  his  broth- 
er than  h«. 

They  aie  much  greater  gainers  than  me  by  this  unexpect- 
ed event. 

Tliey  know  how  to  write  as  well  as  him  ;  but  he  is  a  much 
better  grammarian  thiia  tiiem.  5 

Th  ni^-li  she  is  not  so  iearned  as  Iiim,  she  is  as  much  be- 
loved and  respected. 

These  people,  though  thevyjossess  more  shining  qualities, 
are  not  so  proud  as  him,  nor  s  j  vain  as  her. 

The  following  examples  are  adapted  to  the  notes  and  ©&- 
nervations  under  rule  xx. 

Graaramar,  p.  205.    Key,  p.  60. 

1.  Who  betrayed  her  companion?  Not  me. 

Who  revealed  the  secrets  lie  ought  to  have  concealed  ? 
Not  him. 

Who  related  falsehoods  to  screen  herself,  and  to  bring 
an  odium  upoji  others?  Njtrtie;  it  washer. 

Tliere  is  but  one  in  f.ult,  Aud  that  is  me. 

Whe  her  h«  will  be  lea^ ned  or  no,  must  depend  on  his  ap» 
plication. 

Charl -s  XII.  of  Sweden,  than  who  a  more  courajtous 
person  neve?-  livjd,  apuears  to  have  been  destitute  of  the 
tender  sensibilities  of  nature. 

Sal  n.isiu-i  (a  moe  learned  man  than  him  Has  seldom  ap- 
peared) was  n«t  hap|>y  at  the  c!«5e  of  life. 

RULE  XXI. 

Ih  avoid  disazreeahU  repetitions^  and  to  expre'^s  our 
ideas  in  f  u^  ivonls,  an  eilipsis  or  omission  of  some  wordSi 
is  frequently  admitted. 

Grammar,  p.  207.    Key.  p.  61, 

Igla^lly  shunned  who  gladly  Piei  from  me. 

And  tins  is  it  men  mean  by  distributive  justice  and  is 
prouerly  ter  >!ed  equity 

His  honour,  interest,  religion,  were  all  embarked  in  this 
undertakuig. 

When  so  good  a  man  as  Socrates  fell  a  victim  to  the 
malness  of  the  people,  tnuli,  virtue,  religion,  fell  w  th  him. 

The  fear  o'  death,  nor  hope  of  life,  could  ma^e  l»im  sub- 
mit to  a  dishonest  actioi!. 

An  elegant  house  and  furniture  were,  by  this  event,  irre- 
coverablv  lost  to  the  owner. 


82  English  Exercised,  'fRule^i, 

The  examples  which  follow  are  suited  to  the  notes  and  oh-' 
servutions  under  rule  xxi. 

Grammar,  p.  207.     Key,  p.  62. 

1.  These  rules  are  addressed  to  none  but  the  intelligent 
and  the  attentive. 

The  gay  and  the  pleasing  are.  sometimes,  the  most  insid- 
ious,  and  the  most  dangerous  companions. 

OJd  age  will  prove  a  joyless*  and  a  dreary  season,  if  we  ar- 
rive at  it  with  an  unimproved,  or  with  a  corrupted  mind. 

The  more  1  &ee  of  his  conduct,  I  like  him  better. 

It  is  not  only  the  duty,  but  interest  of  young  persons,  to 
be  studious  and  diligent. 

2.  These  counsels  were  the  dictates  of  virtue,  and  the 
dictates  of  true  honour. 

Avarice  and  cunning  may  acquire  an  estate;  but  avarice 
and  cunnnig  cannot  gain  friends. 

A  taste  for  useful  knowledge,  will  provide  for  us  a  great 
and  noble  entertainment,  when  othe-s  leave  us. 

Without  firmn-rss,  nothing  that  is  great  can  be  underta- 
ken;  that  is  difficult  or  hazardous,  can  be  accomplished. 

The  anxious  man  is  the  votary  of  riches ;  tlte  negligent, 
of  pleasure. 

3.  His  crimes  had  brought  him  into  extreme  distress,  and 
extrcmt  perplexity. 

He  has  an  aftectionate  brother,  and  an  affectionate  sister, 
and  thev  live  in  great  harmonv. 

ITT  *'  ^  .  "^ 

We  must  guard  against  too  great  severity,  and  facility  of 
manners. 

We  should  often  recollect  what  the  wisest  men  have  said 
and  written,  concerning  human  happiness  an«i  vanity. 

That  species  of  commerce  will  produce  greai  gain  orlos&. 

Many  days,  and  even  weeks,  pass  away  unimproved. 

This  wonderful  action  struck  the  beholders  with  exceed- 
ing astonishment. 

The  people  of  this  country  possess  a  heahhy  climate  and 
soil. 

They  enjoy  also  a  free  constitution  and  laws. 

4.  His  reputation  and  his  est  te  were  both  lost  by  gaming. 
This  inteiligen'  e  not  only  excited  ourhopes,  but  fears  toOt 
His  conduct  is  not  scandalous  ;    and  that  is  ihe  best  can 

be  said  of  it. 

This  wa^  the  person  whom  calumnv  hath  greatly  abuse.^^, 
and  sustained  the  injustice  wich  singular  patience. 


Rule9,U)  Syntax.  8S 

He  discovered  some  qualities  in  the  youth  of  a  disagreea- 
ble nature,  and  to  him  were  wholly  unaccountable. 

The  captain  hai!  several  men  died  in  his  ship,  of  the  scurvy. 

He  is  not  only  sensible  ar:d  learned,  but  is  religious  too. 

The  Chinese  language  contains  an  immense  number  of 
words ;  and  who  would  Karn  them  must  possess  a  great 
memory. 

By  presumption  and  by  vanity,  we  provoke  enmity,  and 
we  incur  (oniempt. 

In  the  circumstances  I  was  at  that  time,  my  troubles 
pressed  h^avi'y  upon  me. 

He  has  destroyed  his  constitution,  by  the  very  same  er- 
rors that  so  Tiany  have  been  destroyed. 

5.  He  is  temperate,  he  is  disinterested,  he  is  benevolent; 
he  is  an  ornament  to  his  family,  and  a  credit  to  his  profes- 
sion. 

Genuine  virtue  supposes  our  benevolence  to  be  strength- 
ened, and  to  be  confirmed  b^  principle. 

Perseverance  in  laudable  pursuits  will  reward  all  our 
toils,  and  will  produce  effects  beyond  our  calculation. 

It  is  happy  for  us,  when  we  can  calmly  and  deliberately 
look  back  on  the  past,  and  can  quietly  anticipatt'  the  future. 

The  sacrifices  of  virtue  will  not  only  be  rewarded  here- 
after, but  recompensed  even  in  this  life. 

All  those  possessed  of  any  office,  resigned  their  former 
oomniis^ion. 

If  youns:  persons  were  determined  to  conduct  them- 
selves by  the  rules  of  virtue,  not  only  would  they  escape  in- 
numerable dangers,  but  command  respect  from  the  licen- 
tious themseives. 

Charles  was  a  man  of  learning,  knowledge,  and  benevo- 
lence; and,  what  is  still  more,  a  true  christiaa. 

6.  The  temj*erof  him  who  is  alwavs  in  the  bustle  of  the 
world,  will  be  often  ruffled,  and  be  often  disturbed. 

We  often  commend  imprudently  as  well  as  censure  im- 
prudenfly. 

How  a  sped  grows  up  into  a  tree,  and  the  mind  acts  upon 
the  body,  are  mysteri*  s  which  we  cannot  explain. 

Verily,  there  is  a  reward  for  the  righteous  !  There  is  a 
God  that  judgeth  in  the  earth. 

7.  Changes  are  almost  continually  taking  place,  in  men 
and  in  manvers,  !n  opinions  and  in  customs,  in  private  for- 
tunes and  public  conduct. 


84  English  Exercises.  (Rule  £;i. 

Averse  either  to  contradict  or  blame,  the  too  complaisant 
man  goes  along:  with  the  manners  that  prevail. 

By  this  habitual  indelicacy,  the  virgins  smiled  at  what 
thev  blushed  before. 

riiey  are  now  reconciled  to  what  they  could  not  formerly 
be  prompted,  by  any  considerations. 

Censure  is  the  tax  which  a  man  pays  the  public  for  being 
eminent. 

Reflect  on  the  «tate  of  human  life,  and  the  society  of  men, 
as  mixed  with  g-ood  and  with  evil. 

8.  In  all  stations  and  conditions,  the  important  relations 
take  place^  of  masters  and  servants,  and  husbands  and 
wives,  and  parents  and  children,  and  brothers  and  friends, 
and  citizens  and  subjects. 

Des^tute  of  principle,  he  regarded  neither  his  family,  nor 
his  friends,  nor  his  reputation. 

Reli2;ious  persons  are  often  unjustly  represented  as  per- 
sons of  romantic  character,  visionary  notions,  unacquainted 
with  the  world,  unfit  to  live  in  it. 

No  rank,  station,  dignity  of  birth,  possessions,  exempt 
men  from  contributing  their  share  to  public  utilitv. 

9.  Oh.  my  father!  Oh,  my  friend  I  how  great  has  been  my 
in^rratitude ! 

Oh,  piety!  virtue!  how  insensible  have  I  been  to  your 
charms ! 

10.  That  is  a  property  most  men  have,  or  at  least  may 
attain. 

Why  do  ye  that,  which  is  not  lawful  to  do  on  the  sabbath 
days  ? 

The  showbread,  which  is  not  lawful  to  eat,  but  for  th^ 
priests  alone. 

Most,  if  not  all  the  royal  family,  had  quitted  the  place. 

By  these  happy  labours,  they  who  s@\v  and  reap,  will  re- 
joice together. 

RULE  XXII. 

Jill  the  parts  of  a  sentence  should  correspond  to  each 
other :  a  regular  and  dependent  coi  itruction  throughout 
should  he  carefully  preserved. 

Grammar,  p.  212.     Key,  p.  67. 

Several  alterations  and  additions  have  been  made  to  the 
%vork. 

The  first  proposal  was  essentially  different,  and  inferior 
to  the  second. 


Rule  2-2 J  Syntax.  85 

He  i|  more  bold  and  active,  but  not  so  wise  and  studious 
as  l^^pnipanion. 

'MMi  hearest  the  sound  of  the  wind,  but  thou  canst  not 
tell  whence  it  cometh,  and  whither  it  ^oeth. 

Neither  has  he,  nor  any  other  persons,  suspected  so  much 
dissimulation. 

The  court  of  France,  or  Enijland  was  to  have  been  the 
umpire. 

In  the  reign  of  Henry  II.  a' I  foreign  commodities  were 
plenty  in  Kn gland. 

There  is  no  talent  so  useful  towards  success  in  business, 
or  which  puts  men  more  out  ol  the  reach  of  accidents,  than 
thatmi^Jity  generally  possessed  by  persons  of  cool  temper, 
an(Vi??Tnco.ninon  language,  called  discretion. 

The  first  project  was  to  shorten  discourse,  by  cutting 
polysyllables  iiuo one. 

I  shall  do  ail  I  can  to  persuade  others  to  take  the  same 
measU'.es  for  their  cure  whicli  I  ha^e. 

The  greatest  masters  of  critical  learning  differ  among  one 
another. 

Micaiah  said,  if  thou  certainly  return  in  peace,  then  hatli 
not  tiu'  Loni  spoken  by  me.  » 

1  Uo  not  suppose,  that  we  Britons  want  a  genius,  more  than 
the  rest  of  our  neighbours. 

Th.'  deaf  man,  whose  ears  were  opened,  and  his  tono-ue 
loosened,  doubtless  jrorifipcl  the  great  Piivsician. 

Groves,  fields,  and  meadows,  are  at  any  season  of  the  year; 
pleabiint  to  look  upgm  ;  but  never  so  much  as  in  the  openinp-  of 
thespiing. 

The  luuKitude  rebuked  them,  because  they  shc^Jd  hold 
their  peare. 

The  intentions  of  some  of  thesephilosophers.  nav,  of  ma- 
ny, might  and  pvohably  were  goo.i. 

It  is  an  unan>-werabie  arijumcnt  of  a  very  refined  as;e,  the 
wonderful  civilities  that  have  passed  between  the  nation  of 
auTh(U's,  and  that  of  reatlers. 

It  was  an  unsuccessful  undertaking;    which,  although  it 
has  failed,  is  ro  objection  at  all  to  an  enterprise  so  weii  con 
crrted 

The  reward  is  his  due,  an?!  it  has  alr^afly,  or  will  hereafter, 
be  iiven  tohim. 

By  intercourse  with  wise  and  experienced  persons,  who 
kiuAv  the  world,  we  ni ;:\  improve  and  rub  oft"  theru»toi  a 
private  and  retired  education. 
H 


86  Evglish  Exercises,  C ^I'oniisenous, 

Sincerity  is  as  valuable,  and  even  more  valuable,  than 
knov/ledge. 

No  person  wase%'er  so  perplexed,  or  sustained  the  mortifi- 
cations, as  he  has  done  to  day. 

The  Romans  gave,  not  only  the  freedom  of  t^se  city,  but  ca- 
pacity for  employments,  to  several  towns  in  Gaul,  Spain,  and 
Gernian3\ 

Such  writers  have  no  other  standai-d  on  which  to  form  them- 
selves, except  what  chances  to  be  f  shionable  and  popular. 

"Whatever  we  do  secretly,  shall  be  displayed  and  heard  in 
tiie  clearest  light. 

To  the  happiness  of  possessing  a  person  of  such  uncom- 
mon merit,  Boethius  soon  had  the  satisfaction  of  obtaining 
the  highest  honour  his  country  could  bestow, 

CHAP.  IL 

Containing  instances  of  false  Syntax,  promiscuously  dis* 

posed, 

SECT.  I, 
Key,  p.  G9. 

'  Though  great  hasfbeen  his  disobedience  and  his  folly, 
yet  if  he  sincerely  acknowledges  his  misconduct,  he  will  be 
forgiven. 

Or  these  causes  depend^all  the  happiness  or  misery,  wliich 
exisdamongmen. 

Tne  property  of  James,  I  mean  his  books  and,  fjinaituye, 
Ivj^  wholly  destroyed.  *  ' 

Tnis  prodigy  of  learning,  this  scholar,  critic,  and  antiqua^ 
rian,  w^  entirely  destitute  of  breeding  and  civility. 

Tliat  writer  has  given  an  account  of  the  manner, in  which 
Christianity  :fe*6  formerly  ^/Uta.  propagated  among  the  hea- 
thens. 

We  adore  the  Divine  Being,/fct^  who  is  from  eternity  to 
eternity. 

Thou,  Lord,  who  hajtll- permitted  affliction  to  come  upon 
ys,  shall  deliver  us  from  it,  in  due  time. 

In  thisp'ace.  there  wejfaf  not  only  security,  but  an  abun- 
tlanreof  provisions. 

By  these  attainments  aie  the  mastei^ honoured,  and  the 
Scholars  encouraired.      ^/* 

The  si^«La^j)eared  to  b^Wore  than  usual^jr  agitated. 

ISot  one  in  fifty  of  those  who  cai'i  thvmselves deists,  liii' 
^?r5ta;:id{tlie  liature  of  the  religion  tV^  f  eject. 


Promiscuous.)  ^^^^'  ^^ 

Virtue  and  mutual  confidence  jr'tl^  soul  of  friendship. — 
"SVliere  these  are  wanting,  disgust  or  hatred  often  follov^lit- 
tle  dift'e;  ences. 

..  Time  and  chance  happeni*»to  aU  men  ;  but  every  person 
f^  ^|ie«not  consider  who  ^overqjthose  powerful  causes. 

^  Tll^^  active  mind  of  matiniever  oi^  seWom  rests^satisfied  /^ 
witlvlipr  present  condition,  however  prosperous.  *^*f''*.r  ^^ 

Habits  must  be  acquired  of  temprerance  and  of  self-deni- 
al, that  we  m^y  be  able  to  resist  pleasure,  and  endure  pain, 
when  eitli*S<'ol^ti:eminterfere^ith  our  duty.  ^  .   , 

The  error  of  resti':ji  wholly  on  faith,  o?on  works,  is  o^e  off 
those  seductions  which  moste^isily  mislead#men  ;  under  the  . 
semblance,  of  pieity,  on  the  one  hand,  and  of  virtue  oa  the  / 
other  hand.      /.  /        -  .  '  •* 

It  was  no  ex^jrerated  tale ;   for  she  was  real'y  in  that  sad 
\  eondilior^^tjI^y^Viend^repfe^ent'^dhe^  ^ 

An  army  pres^ntja  pamiul  siglu  t<^  a  teelins:  mind  ^^ 

The  enemies  who»we  have  must  to  ft^r,  arethotcof  our 
own  heaHs. 

Tliou  art  the  >Tes>jah,  the  Son  of  God.  who  was  to  come""' 
into  the  world,  ancf  iiasfkbeen  so  long  promised  and  desired. 

Thomas  disposition  is  better  than  his  brothe.s;  ai.d  he  I 
appears  to  be  the  happie#^  man  :  but  some  de^re^^  trouble  * 
is  all  niens  portioij^-^  _  ^z 

^  Thou  ;h  reinorse'sleefMsometimes  during  gjRsperity,  it  will 
^^wake  sjfrf^y  in  adveisitv-y/*  i 

It  IS  an  iavyiabielaw  Woijr  present  conditio^l^hat  every 
pleasure  wiifefS^pursued  to^'fcxcess,  convei'MJ^!m>el^c«  into 
poison. 

If  a  manbrinijs  into  tha solitary  retreat  of  age,  a  vacant, 
an  unimproved  mind,  Ah^-e  no  know ledije  dawns,  no  ideas 
ri«e,  wliich  withia  i'seif  lias  n.  thing  in  feed  uj)on,  many  a 
heavy  and  n«wifPSrCom  fort  less  day  he  must  necessarily  pass. 

1  cannot  yield  to  such  dishonourable  conduct,  ireifer  at 
the  present  moment  of  difficulty,  nor,  I  trust,  undergo  cir- 
cu  vptance  wliatever. 

'Ilii^-mistocies'cjJll  sealed  th«-entcrprises  of  Pausania«,  ei- 
ther think  in»^44rbft--e--ia^rtray^the  secrets  trusted  to  his 
con}idence,..vCwiniagined~it  impossible  for  such  dangerous 
and  11   <  o-  certcd  schemes  to  take  eiF^t. 

Pericles  gained  su'h  an  ascendgiSover  the  mindsrof  t]\(> 
Athenians,  that  he  might  be  said  toanuin^a^iouarchicai  povr - 
cr  in  Athens. 


83  En2:lish  Exercises.  (Promiscuous. 

Christ  4Pi  applaudjhe  liberality  of  the  poor  widow,  wlioj>« 
he  h:ul  seen  casting  her  two  mites  in(phe  treasury. 

A  multiplicity  ot  little  kind  offices,  in  persons  frequently 
conversant  with  each  other, jpthe^  biinds  of  society, and  of 
friendship.  ^^ ,  /  '  . 

To  do  good  to  them  that  hate  us,  and,  on  no  occasion,  to 
seek  revenge,  jr the  dut^f  a  Christian.    \       \ 

If  a  man  jircSess^jp;  rejrard  (or  tiie  duties  of  religion,  and 
iie"-le:t^that  of  morallt} ,  tiiat  man's  religion  is  vain.  ' 

Affluence  nnghtgive  us  respect,.-in  the  ^es  of  the  vulgar, 
but  will  nwtrecomn^^nd  us  to  the  wise  and^od. 

The  polite, accomplished  libertiije,  is  bu^^  miserable  amidst 
all  h.is  !;le^sures:  the  rude  inhabitant  of  Lapland  is  happier 
than  ^•iJ-.M  ''   ' 

Tji  •  cht  erful  and  the  gay,  when  warmed  by  pleasure  and 
U[f  mirth,  lose  that  sobriety  and  self-denial,  which  k^ssen- 
tial  to  tlie  support  of  virtue. 

SECT.  II* 
Key,  p.  72. 

There  were,  in  the  metrogobs^much  to  amuse  them,  ai3 
well  as  many  tjrjQgs  to  excitejn^i^t. 

How  much  i^rSl  virtue  and  merit  exposed  to  suffer  the 
iiardships  of  a  sformy  iife.'^    . 

This  is  one  of  the'duties  which  requ:re|  peculiar  circum- 
spcction.  '  ^ 

More  complete  happiness  than  that  I  have  described^  sel- 
dom tails  to  the  lot  of  mortals.  .'->"  '<'^^^  ' 

Tiiere  are  print  iples  in  man,  which  ever  have,  and  ever 
will  -.ncline  hiui  to  offend.    '       fc   J 

AVhence  ha:^  there  arisfe^^  |  great  variety  of  opin- 
ions and  tenets  in  reH;:ioii  r 

Its  statures  less  ihan  that  of  a  man;'  but  ita>stren§th 
and  airiiity  much  greati^r. 

'iite^^that  honour  me,  them  wi'l  I  honour. 

lleMTummonsliL  me  to  attend,  and  1  must  summon^  the 
others.       \ 

Then*^  the  olHcer  la_j|(hoUl  of  him^,  and  executed  him 
immediiteh' 

'SMio  is  that  person  whom  I  paw  you  introduce,  and  pre- 
sent!^- i^the  duke. ^fc 

I  offei  ^observations  that  a  long  and  chequered  pilgrimage 
haA  enabled  me  to  make  on  ma]i. 


(^Fromiscuo-m.  SyntcLW.  &^ 

Every  cli^h  and  secLof  people  have  a  set  of  opinions 
peculiar  to  ejpriielv*|(^  i'^ 

May  thou  as  well  as  5e,  be  meek,  patient,  and  forgiving^ 
These  men  were  under  hi^h  obligations  to  \m0^  adliere^ 
to  their  ^kod  in  every  situation  of  hie.         ^     --  ^ 
After  Tjpued  Europe,  I  returned  to  America,  t  ^ 
Tlieir  Sample,  their  inliuence,  tlieir  fortun-,  every  talent 
they  possess,  d  spenses  b-essings  on  all  aroun<l  them. 

When  a  string  of  such  sentences  succeed  one  another, 
the  ett'ect  is  disagreeable. 

1  have  lately  been  in  Gibraltar,  and  have  seen  the-  com- 
mander in  chief. 

Propriety  of  pronunciation,  is  the  giving  to  every  word 
the  sound  which  the  politest  usage  of  the  language  appro- 
priates to  it. 

The  b  .ok  is  printed  very  neat,  and  on  fine  vrove  paper. 
The   fixbhs  of  the  ancients  are  many  of  them  highly  in»- 
structive. 

lie  reseuibles  one  of  those  solitary  animals,  that  has  been 
forced  frorrt  its  forest,  to  gratify  hu/tian  curiosity. 

There  is  not,  nur  ought  not  to  be,  such  a  thing  as  construc- 
tive treason. 

lie  is  a  new  created  knight,  and  his  dignity  sits  awkward 
on  him.  f  i  y 

Hatred  or  revenge  hrfe  things  deserving  of  censure, 
wherever  they  are  found  to  exist. 

If  you  please  to  employ  your  thoughts  on  that  subject^ 
you  would  easdy  conceive  our  luiserable  condition. 

Hi-}  speech  , contains  one  of  the  grossest  and  infamousest 
calu"nie- which  ever  was  uttered, 

•V  too  great  variety  of  studies  dissipate  and  weaken  the 
mind. 

Those  two  autors  have  laih  <»f  tliem  merit. 
Junes  was  resolved  to  not  indulge  iiimself  in  suc'n  a  cruel 
amus  ment. 

The  not  attending  to  this  rule,  is  the  source  of.*  very 
common  error. 

Calu.u'iv  and  detraction  are  sparks,  which  if  you  do  not 
blow,  they  will  lio  out  o(  themselves. 

Olelia  Is  a  vain  woman,  whom  if  we  do  not  flatter,  slie 
wi  I  be  disgusted. 

r.iat  ceieDiated  work  was  nearly  ten  years  publishc'l, 
before  its  importance  was  at  all  understood.  , 

U  i2 


90  English  Eacerexsee.  (TromiscuouB;^ 

Apnbltlon  is  so  insatiaO;e  that  i,t  will  make  any  sacrifices 
to  attain  )ls  *.bje*.ts.  *^  tj^         4*' 

4  greai  mass*  of  rocks  thrown  to|j?tner  by  tlie  hand  of  na- 
%re,  \\ith*wiltlness  and  contusion,  strike  the  mind  witlv 
jhore  grandeur,  than  if  they  were  adjusted  to  one  anuthes 
v,\ih  the  aecuratest  symmetry. 

&ECT.  III<r 

K-y,  p.  74. 

He  showed  a  spirit  of  forgiveness,  and  a  magnanimity^. 
that  does  honour  tu  human  hature. 

They  that  honour  me,  I  uiii  honour;  and  them  that  de- 
spise me  shall  be  lightlj  esteemed, 

Reasou's  ^^lio]e  pleasure,  all  the  joys  of  sense. 
Lies  in  tlu'ee  w  oids,  iiealth,  peace,  uiid  competence. 

Having  thus  began  to  throw  oft' the  restraints  cf  reason^^ 
he  v/as  soon  hurried  into  deplorable  excesses. 

These  arts  have  enlig!  tened,  and  will  enlighten,  every 
person  who  shall  attentively  study  them.  _  V! 

\^  hen  we  succeed  in  our  plans,  its  not  to  be  attnbuted  al« 
ways  to  ourselves  ;  the  aid  ol  others  oiten  promote  the  endj, 
-and  claim  our  acknowledgment.    / 

Their  intentions  were  good  ;  but  wanting  prudence,  tlicj 
mist  the  maik  for  which  they  aimed.  ^^   \  ,, 

1  have  not,  nor  shall  not  content  to  a  pi  optosal  so  unjust* 

Vf  e  l.ave  subjected  ourselves  to  much  expensse,  that  thoa 
inay  be  well  etiucated.  - 

This  treaty  was  niade  at  earl  Moreton  the  governor's  castle,  /^-j 

Be  especially  careful,  that  thou  givest  no  offence  to  the' 
aged  or  helpless.  , 

The  business  was  bo  sooner  opened,  but  it  was  cordially 
acquiesced  in. 

As  to  his  general  conduct,  he  deserved  punishment  aa 
much,  or  more  than  his  companion.  He  left  a  son  of  a  sin- 
gular character,  and  behaved  so  ill  that  he  was  put  in  prison. 

If  he  does  but  approve  my  endeavours,  it  will  be  an  am- 
pie  reward. 

1  beg  the  favour  of  your  acceptance  of  a  copy  of  a  view 
of  the  manufactories  of  the  West  Riding  of  the  county  of 
York. 

1  intended  to  have  written  the  letter,  before  he  urged  EBf 
n  it :  asd,,  therefore,  he  has  not  all  the  werit  of  it. 


Fromiscuous.J  J^ynfaj::  91 

All  the  power  of  ridicule,  aided  by  the  desertion  of  friends, 
and  the  diminution  of  his  estate,  were  not  aule  to  shake  liis 
principles. 

In  his  conduct  was  treacherj^  and  in  his  words,  faithless 
professions.      '^  t 

Though  the  measure  be  mysterious,  it  is  worthy  of  atten- 
tion. 

Ue  solicitous  to  aid  such  deserving  persons,  >vho  appear 
to  lie  destitute  of  friends. 

Ignorance  or  the  want  of  light,  produce  sensuality,  cove* 
tousiiess,  and  those  vioent  contests  with  others  aDoui  tri- 
fles which  occasion  so  much  misery  and  crimes  in  the  world. 

He  will  one  day  reap  the  reward  of  his  iaOour  if  he  is  clil» 
igent  and  attentiver  Till  that  period  comes,  letium  be  con- 
te.  ted  and  patient,    i 

'1  o  the  resolutions  which  we  have,  upon  due  considera- 
tion, once  adopted  as  the  rules  ©f  conduct,  let  us  adhere 
firii  ly. 

He  has  little  more  of  the  great  man  besides  the  title. 

Though  he  was  my  superior  in  knowledge,  he  would  not 
have  tliencf  a  right  to  impose  his>  sentiments. 

That  picture  of  the  emperor's  is  a  very  exact  resemblance 
of  himr   '' 

How  happy  are  the  virtuous,  who  can  rest  on  the  protect 
tion  of  the  powerful  arm,  who  made  the  earth  and  the  heaven  I 

Prosperity  and  adversity  inay  be  improved  equally  j  buth 
the  0  e  and  the  other  pn.ceeds  from  the  same  autlior.    ' 

He  acted  conformable  with  his  instructions,  and  cannot 
be  censured  justly. 

The  01  ators  did  Bot  forget  to  enlarge  themselves  on  so 
popular  a  subject.     ' 

ihe  lany;uage  of  Divine  Providence  to  all  human  agents> 
is^  "  Hitherto  shalt  thou  come,  and  no  further." 

Idle  persons  imagine,  howsoever  deticient  tliey  be  m 
point  of  duty,  they  consult  ai  least  their  own  satifciaction. 

Good  as  the  cause  is,  it  is  one  from  which  numbers  arc 
deserted. 

The  man  is  prudent  which  speaks  little* 

SECTION  IV. 
Key,  p.  77. 

^s  acted  independeat  of  foreign  assistancf^ 


§2  English  Exercises,  C PromiscuouSi 

Every  thing  thaf  we  here  enjoy,  change,  decay,  and  come 
to  an  end.  All  float  on  tht  surface  of  the  nver,  which  is 
running  to  a  boundless  ocean,  with  a  swift  current 

The  winter  has  not  been  as  severe  as  we  expected  it  to 
have  been. 

TeMinerince,  more  than  medicines,  are  the  proper  means 
of  curing  nuny  diseases. 

They  understand  the  practical  part  better  than  him ;  but 
he  is  much  better  acquainted  with  the  theory  than  them. 

When  we  have  once  drawn  the  line,  by  intelligence  and 
precision,  between  our  duty  and  sin,  the  line  we  ought  on 
no  occasion  to  transgress. 

All  tho"itt  distiaifuished  by  extraordinary  talents,  have 
extraordinary  dutie^?  to  perform. 

No  person  could  speak  stronjjer  on  this  subject,  nor  be- 
ll ive  nobler,  than  our  young  advocate  for  the  cause  of  tole- 
ration. 

(iis  con  .'uct  was  so  provoking,  that  many  will  condemn 
him.  and  a  few  will  fity  him.""        ^ 

The  peoples  h:ippiness  is  the  statemans  honour. 

We  are  in  ape;ilou^  situatiim.  On  one  >ide,  and  the 
other,  dangers  meet  us  ;  and  each  extreme  shall  be  perni- 
cious to  virtue 

Several  pictures  of  the  Sardinian  king  were  transmitted 
to^Van:e.  i  Q  ^  f^ 

When  I  last  saw  him,  he  had  grow^n  considerably,    o 

If  v/e  consult  the  improvement  of  mind,  or  the  health  of 
bodv,  it  is  well  known  exercise  is  the  great  instrument  for 
promofina;  both. 

If  it  were  them  who  acted  so  ungratefully,  they  are  doub- 
ly in  fault. 

Whether  virtue  promotes  our  interest  or  no,  we  must  ad- 
Ker  •  <o  her  dictates. 

VV  sh'>ul  I  be  ■  n  4ous  *^o  avoid  t  «o  -^uch  indulgence,  as 
well  as  restraint,  in  otir  mana2;e'nent  of  children. 

No  human  happhiess  is  so  complete,  as  does  not  contain 
somf*  imnerfoction. 

His  fath'-r  can  ot  hone  for  this  success,  unless  his  son 
givi-s  better  proofs  of  genius,  or  applies  himself  with  inde- 
latii^^.ble  labour. 

TIip  house  framed  a  remonstrance,  where  they  spoke  with 
gre  't  freedom  of  the  king's  prero'j:ative. 

The  coiv'u't  which  has  bef^ii  rne'.Moned,  is  one  :<f  t-ose 
artifices  which  seduces  men  must  eabily,  under  appearaace 
of  benevolence^ 


Fromiseuous.J  Sijntcuc.  95 

Tiiis  is  the  person  \\\\o  we  are  so  much  obliged  to,  and 
who  we  expected  to  have  seen^  when  the  favour  was  coii- 
ferifd. 

He  is  a  person  of  great  property,  but  does  not  possess 
the  esteem  Of  his  neiu'libours. 

They  Vv'ere  solicitous  to  ingratiate  with  tliose,  who  it  was 
dishonourable  to  favour. 

The  great  diversity  v/hich  takes  plac^^  among  men,  is  not 
owing  to  a  distinction  that  nature  made  in  their  origifial 
powers,  as  much  as  to  the  s>uperior  dilijpnce,  with  which 
some  have  improved  those  powers  beyoni  others. 

AV  hile  we  are  unoccupied  in  what  is  good,  evil  is  at  hand 
cont'nually. 

Not  a  creature  is  there  that  move«,  nor  a  vf'o;efable  that 
grows,  but  what,  when  minutely  examined,  furnisiied  mate- 
rials of  pious  admiration. 

AVhat^can  be  the  reason  of  the  committee  having  delay- 
ed this  business.^ 

I  know  not  whether  Charles  was  the  author,  but  I  under- 
stood it  to  be  he. 

A  good  and  well  cultivated  mind,  is  far  more  preferable 
than  lank  or  riches. 

Charity  to  the  poor,  wlien  it  is  governerl  by  knowledge 
anil  prudence,  there  are  no  persons  who  wdi  not  admit  it  to 
be  a  '  I'tue. 

His  greatest  concern,  and  highest  ei^jo^nnent,  were  to  be 
approved  in  tlie  sis;ht  of  his  ('reator. 

Let  us  not  yet  our  hearts  on  such  a  mutable,  such  an  un- 
satisfying world. 

.   SECT.  V. 
Key,  p   79. 

Shall  you  attain  success,  without  that  preparation,  and 
escape  dangers  without  that  precaution,  which  is  required  of 
others  ?  * 

Y>  hen  we  see  bad  men  to  be  honoured  and  prosperous  in 
the  worl'l,!*^  is  some  dis<:ouragen>vnt  to  virtue. 

The  furniture  was  all  purchased  a^  'V^'ent worth's  the 
joinei's. 

i^^vrrv  member  of  the  body,  every  bone,  joint,  and  mus- 
cle, lie  expu.vtd  to  many  di>orflers;  a'i<l  the  grea?e-t  piu- 
deu'.e  or  pKecautitm,  or  the  deepest  skill  of  the  physicia^ji 
are  not  sufficient  to  prevent  tlicnu 


94  English  Exercises.  ( Promiscuous^ 

It  is  right' said,  that  though  faith  justifj>us,  yet  works 
must  justify  our  faith. 

If  an  aoademy  is  established  for  the  cuUivation  of  our 
languag. ,  let  then  s  op  the  li  :eiice  of  translators,  WMOse 
id.eness  and  ignorance,  if  It  be  sutfercd  to  proceed,  will 
reduce  us  to  baobie  a  diu  e  t  of  French. 

It  is  of  ^rcat  consequence  that  a  teacher  firmly  believes, 
both  the  truth  and  importance  ^^i  those  principles  wiiich  he 
inculcates  upon  (ithers;  and  that  he  n<A  only  -pecuiatively 
believes  them,  but  has  a  lively  and  serious  fueling  of  them. 

It  is  not  the  Jtferirig,  or  the  hearing  certain  words,  that 
consiitute  the  worship  of  t  .e  Alniightji^^  It  is  the  heart 
tha'  praises,  or  prays.  If  tlie  heart  accompany  Dot  the 
words  that  are  spoken,  we  offer  a  sacrifice  of  fr»o|g, 

Keither  flatter  or  contemn  \\\e  rich  or  the  gieat. 

He  has  travelled  much,  and  passed  through  riiany  stormy 
seas  and  lands. 

You  must  be  sensible  that  there  is,  and  can  be  no  other 
person  but  me,  who  could  give  the  inf'krtnation  desired. 

To  be  patient,  resigned,  and  tl-ankfnl,  un<ler  aSlictions 
and  disappointments,  demonstrate 'i;;enu'ne  piety. '. 

Alvarez  wus  a  man  of  corrupt  principles,  and  of  detest* 
able  conduct  j  and,  what,  is  stiil  worse,  gloried  in  his 
shame. 

As  soon  as  the  sense  of  a  Supreme  Being  is  lost,  so  soon 
the  gi  eat  check  is  taken  off  which  keep  under  restraint  tlie 
passions  of  men.  Mean  des  res.  l'>w  pleasures,  takes  place 
of  the  greater  and  the  nobler  sentiments  which  reason  and 
relio;;on  inspiies. 

We  should  be  careful  not  to  follow  the  example  of  many 
persons,  to  cen-^ure  the  opinions,  manners,  and  customs  of 
others,  merely  because  they  are  foreign  to  us. 

Ste.'dy  applicati<m,  as  well  as  iienius  and  abilities,  are 
Becessary  to  produce  eminence. 

There  is,  in  that  seminary,  several  students  considerably 
skdled  in  mathematical  knowledge. 

If  Providence  clothe  the  grass  of  the  field,  and  shelters 
and  adorns  the  flowers"  that  everj'  where  grows  wild 
amongst  it,  will  he  not  clothe  and  protect  his  servants  and 
children  much  more? 

We  are  too  often  hurried  with  the  violence  of  passion,  or 
with  the  allurements  of  pleasure. 

High  hopes,  and  florid  views,  is  a  great  enemy  to  traqj* 
ciuility. 


promiscuous.)  Syntax,  95 

Year  after  year  steal  something  from  us ;  till  the  decay- 
ing fabric  totters  of  itself,  and  ciumble-  at  length  into  dust. 

i  ir.tended  to  have  finished  the  letter  before  the  bearer 
called,  that  he  might  nut  have  been  detaned;  but  I  was 
prevented  by  company.  /-  •, - 

Georjie  i«  the  most  learned  and  accomplished  of  all  the 
othet  students,  that  belong  to  the  seminary. 

This  excellent  and  well  written  treatise,  with  others 
that  mi'iht  be  mentioned,  were  the  foundati(,n  of  his  love 
of  study. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  but  that;  the  pleasures  of  tlie  mind 
excel  those  of  sense. 

SF.CT.  VI.] 

Key,  p.  81. 

The  ?rand  temple  consiiited  of  one  great,  and  several 
smaller  edifices. 

Many  would  exchange  gladly  their  honours,  beauty,  and 
riches,  for  that  more  quiet  and  humble^  station,  which  you 
are  now  dissatisfied  with. 

'lhuug:h  the  sc'ne  was  a  rer\  affecting  one,  Louis  show- 
led  a  little  emot.on  on  tlu-  wccasion.    , 

The  climate  of  Fngland  is  not  so  pleasant  as  those  of 
France,  Spaifi,  or  Italy. 

Much  of  the  good  and  evil  that  happens  to  us  in  this 
world, 'are  owing  to  apparently  undesigned  and  fortuitvus 
events:  but  it  is  the  Supreme  Being  which  secretly  di- 
rects and  re<rulHtes  all  things. 

To  des  Mse  otlurs  on  account  of  their  poverty,  or  to  val- 
ue oursehes  forour  wt'ulth,  aie  dispositions  hiij;My  culpable. 

'J'his  ta-k  v\as  the  easier  performed,  from  the  cheerfulness 
with  which  he  engaged  in  it. 

She  laniented  the  unhappy  fate  of  Lucretia,  who  seemed  ^ 
to  her  an«.ther  name  for  chastitv. 

He  has  ij  >t  yet  CHst  oft" all  uga  d  for  decency;  and  this 
is  the  most  can  be  advanced  in  !tis  favour.  ' 

The  jirls  school  was  better  condueted  form<»rIy  than  the 
boj-^. 

The  disappointments  he  has  met  with,  or  the  loss  of  his 
much  loved  friend,  has  occasioned  a  total  derangement  of 
his  mental  powers. 

The  concourse  of  people  were  SO  great,  that  with  diffi- 
culty we  passed  Uirough  them. 


96  EiigUsk  Exercises.  fFromisciieus. 

All  the  women,  children,  and  treasure,  which  remained 
in  the  riry.  fell  under  the  victoi';;  power. 

Thev  have  already  made  great  pro^iress  in  their  studies, 
and,  if  attention  add  dilit^ence  continues,  will  soon  fulfil  the 
expectations  of  their  friends.  |        ^ 

It  is  amazing;  his  propensity  to  this  vice,  against  every 
principle  of  interest  and  honour.  / 

The-e  kind  of  vices,; though  they  inhabit' ihe  upper  cir- 
cles of  life,  are!  noc  less  pernicious,  than  tiiose  we  meet 
witli  amongst  the  lowest  of  m  n.  / 

He  acted  ao;reeable  to  the  dictates  of  prudence,  thougli 
he  were  in  a  situatiut.  exceeding  delicate- 

If  I  had  known  the  distress  of  m.y  fiiend,  it  would  be  / 
my  rluty  t*5  !>ave  relieved  him:  and  it  would  always  have' 
yielded  me  pleasure  to  grant  him  that  relief  j 

The\  admired  the  countryman's  as  they  called  him,  can- 
dour and  uj)ni^htness.'' f  ; 

The  new  set  of  curtains  did  not  correspond  to  the  old 
pair  nf  blinds. 

The  tutor  commends  him  for  being  more  studious  than 
any  other  pupils  of  the  school. 

T^^  o  principles  in  laiman  nat.u'e  reign; 
Self-love  to  urge,  mid  reason  to  restrain  :  - 

Nor  that  a  good,  nor  this  a  bad  Me  call ; 
Each  works  its  end,  to  move  or  govern  all. 

Temperam  e  and  exercise,  how\soever  little  they  may  be 
regarded,  they  are  the  besi  means  of  preserving  healthc 

Be  lias  greatlv  bles-ed  me;  yes,  even  1,  wlio,  loaded  with 
kindne-s,  hath.;  not  been  sufficiently  grateful.^ 

Nu  persons  feol  the  distresses  of  others,  so  much  as  them 
that  have  experienced  distress  themselves. 

SECT.  VII. 
Key,  p.  83. 

Constantinople  was  the  point,  in  which  was  concentra- 
ted the  learnin;!  and  s«^ience  of  tjie  world.  /  ' 

! 'isii'mce  not  your  F+ation,  bv  that  grossness  of  sensuality, 
that  levity  of  dissipation,  or  tliat  insoleiice  of  rank,  v.hich 
bespeak  a  little  mind. 

A  circle,  a  sf|u.'ire.  a  triangle,  or  a  hexagon^  please  the 
eye  by  their  regtdar'ty.  as  beautiful  figures. 

His  conduct  was  equally  unjust  as  dishonourable. 


Promiscuou&,J  Syntax,  .'   ;  ,   .         ^' 

1  hough,  at  first,  he  begun  to  defend  hirnstU,  ^^^t;  \vlien^   .  . 
the  proofs  apptaied  against  him,  he  dared  not.any  longer  to     •,.' 

<:onteiid.     ij  **•*>•..••*  '"'^     •^. 

Ma  y  persons  will   not  beheve  but  what  they  are 'fret**  J*..' 

fiom   I  rejudices.  Jv 

Tlie  pleasure  or  pain  of  one  passion,  differ  from  those  oi 
another.     -    I  .      i . 

The  I  ise  ansi  fall  of  the  tides,  in  this  place,  makes  a  dif- 
ference of  about  twelve  feet. 


Five  an  .  se\en  make  twelve,  and  one  makes  thirteen. 


lie  uid  nut  know  who  to  susj  ect.  // 
1  had  iutei  ded  ^esteidity  to  liave  walked  wut,  but  I  have 
been  a^ain  disappointed,    f  ;■ 

The  court  of  .Spain,  who  gave  the  order,  were  not  aware^ 
of  the  '  onsequen  e. 

If  the  acquisitions  he  has  made,  and  qualified  him  to  be 
XI  uneful  meni.er  of  »ol  iety,  should  have  been  misapplied,  he 
will  be  higlily  culpable.  / 

1  here  was  much  spoke  and  wrote  on  each  side  of  the 
<]ueslion;  but  I  have  cho^e  to  suspend  in\  decision.  /  - 

Was  th^re  no  bad  inen  m  the  woild,  who  vex  and  distress 
thr  good,  they  mi^ht  appear  in  the  li^tht  of  harmless  inno- 
cence ;  but  couhl  have  no  Ojjportunity  for  displaying  fideli- 
ty and  magnanimity,  p.tience  ajid  forliiud  . 

The  most  ignoiant,  and  the  most  savage  tribes  of  men, 
whttn  Jhvy  have  looked  round  on  the  earth,  and  on  (he 
heax^ns,  could  not  avoid  ascribing  tlieir  origin  to  sumo  in- 
visible, design. ng  cause,  and  felt  a  propensity  to  adore  thoir 
Creator. 

Let  us  not  forget,  that  something  more  tlian  gentleness 
and  modesty,  something  m»)retiian  coiUpIacency  of  temper 
and  aftiibility  oi  manners,  are  requisite  to  form  a  v/orthy 
man,  or  a  true  Clinstian. 

One  of  the  first,  and  most  common  extreme  in  moral  con- | 
duct,  is  placing  all  vntue  in  justice,  or  in  generosity. 

It  is  an  inllexib'e  regard  to  pri^cipl;>,  whicli  has  ever 
marked  the  charai  ters  of  tliem  who  distinguished  them- 
seives  eminently  in  public  life;  who  patronise*!  the  cause 
of  justice  against  powerful  rppressors;  in  critical  times, 
have  supported  t'ne  failif.g  rii^hts  and  liberties  of  men;  and 
rt  Mected  honour  on  their  nation  and  countrv. 

When  it  is  with  regard  to  trifles,  that  diversity  or  con- 
trariety of  opinions  show^  themselves,  it  is  childish  in  the 
I 


98  '  English  Exercises.  f  Promiscuous, 

last  d'^spee;  U'  this  becomes  the  ground  of  estranged  afFec- 
tiori.  Whep^  tro'm  such  a  cause,  there  arise  any  breach  of 
,  fri^mjshipi,  jitiiiian  ^veakne^s  is  discovered  then  in  amnrti- 
/*  Vljihg  light  In  matters  of  serious  moment,  the  sentiments 
of  the  best  and  worthiest  miglit  vary  from  that  of  their 
friends,  ac  ording;  as  their  lines  of  life  diverge,  or  as  their 
tern}  er.  and  habits  of  thought,  presents  objects  under  differ- 
ent points  of  view.  But  with  candid  and  liberal  minds, 
unity  of  affection  still  v.  ill  be  preserved.^ 

Desires  and  wishes  are  the  first  spring  of  action.fi  When 
they  become  exorbitant,  the  whole  of  the  character  is  like 
to  be  tainted.  If  we  should  suffer  our  fancies  to  create  to 
themselves,  worlds  of  ideal  happiness;  if  we  should  feed 
our  imap;iT,ation  with  plans  of  opulence  and  of  splendour; 
if  we  should  fix  to  our  wishes  certain  sta^-es  of  a  high  ad- 
vancement, or  (  ertain  degrees  of  an  uncommon  reputation, 
as  the  sole  station  of  our  t^elicity  ;  the  assured  consequence 
shall  be,  that  we  will  become  unhappy  U'  der  our  present 
state  ;  that  we  shall  be  unfit  for  acting  the  part,  and  dis- 
charging the  duties  that  belong  to  it;  and  we  sha'l  discom- 
pose the  peice  and  order  of  our  minds,  and  shall  foment 
many  hurtful  passions. 

Maria  always  appears  amiably.  She  never  speaks  severe 
or  contemptuous.*         V'   ■  "7 

*Yoimg  persons  v>-ho  study  grammar,  find  it  difficult  to  decide,  in  particu- 
iar  constructions,  whether  an  adjective  or  an  adverb  ought  to  be  usee!.  A 
few  observations  on  this  point  mav  serve  to  inform  their  judgment,  and 
direct  their  determination. — They  should  carefully  attend  to  the  definition 
of  the  adjective  and  the  adverb  ;  and  consider  whether,  in  the  case  in  ques- 
tion, qudiitri, 'w  niamrer,  is  indicated.  In  the  former  cpse, an  adjective  is 
proper  :  in  the  latter,  an  adverb.  A  number  of  examples  will  illustrate 
this  direction,  and  prove  useful  on  other  occasions. 

She  looks  cold— She  looks  coldly  on  liim. 

He  feels  warm — Tie  feels  warmlv  the  insult  offered  to  him. 

He  becam.e  sincere  and  virtuous — Hebecam.e  sincerely  \artuous. 

Slie  lives  free  from  care — He  lives  freely  at  another's  expense. 

ITai-riet  always  appears  neat — She  dresses  neatly. 

Charles  has  grown  great  by  his  wisdom — Hci  has  grown  greatly  in  T'epu^- 

tation. 

I'hey  now^  appear  happy — They  now  appear  happdy  in  earnest. 
Thestatement  seems  exact — The  statement  seems  exactly  in  point. 

Tlic  verb  to  be,  in  all  its  moods  and  tenses,  generally  requires  the  ■word 
Immediatelv  connected  with  it  to  be  an  adjective,  not  an  advei-b  ;  and,  con- 
sequently, when  tliis  verb  can  be  substituted  for  any  other,  without  vaiying 
the  sense  of  the  construction,  that  other  verb  must  also  be  connected  Avith 
an  adiectivc.    TJie  following  sentences:  elucidate  these  obsci'vations  :  "  This 


Comma.)  Punctuation.  .  ^9 

PART  IV.  '..•  '•./  •   ^  / 

EXERCISES    IX    PUXCTUATldN.     ,;     , 

•  •      •   •      » 

-^m^^mm, 

CHAP.  I. 

Sentences  which  require  the  application  of  the  Commaj  dis- 
posed under  the  particular  Rules. 
Grammar,  p.  257.    Key,  p.  86, 


RULE   I. 

The  tear  of  repentance  brin«j;5  its  own  reUef.  ^ 

Manhood  is  disgraced  by  the  consequences  of  neglected 
youth. 

Idleness  is  the  great  fomenter  of  all  corruptions  in  the 
liutnf<n  heart. 

It  is  honourable  to  be  a  friend  to  the  unfoitunate. 

All  finerv  is  a  sign  of  littleness. 

Slovenliness  and  indelicacy  of  character  commonly  go 
hand  in  hand. 

The  friend  of  order  has  made  half  his  way  to  virtue. 

Too  m-Any   of  the    pretended  friendships  of  youth  are 
mere  combinations  in  pleasure. 

J  he  indulirencc  of  harah  dispositions  is  the  introduction 
to  future  misery. 

The  intermixture  of  evil  in  human  society  serves  to  ex- 
ercise the  suffering  graces  and  virtues  of  the  good. 

is  agreeable  to  our  interest ;  That  behaviour  was  not  suituble  to  his  stiition  ; 

is 
Rules  should  be  confonnab'e  to  sense  ;"    *'  The  rose  smells  sweet !  How 

is  is  " 

sweet  the  hay  smells!    How  dL-Hghtful  the  countrj-  api)ears!  How  pleasant 

are  are  ,  was        ' 

the  fields  look!  the  clouds  look  daik  ;  How  black  the  sky  looked  !  The  ap- 
is were  is 
pie  tastes  sour  ;  How  bitter  the  pluim  tasted!  He  feels  happy."  In  all 
these  sentences,  we  can,  wiiii  periect  propriety,  substitute  s&i.ie  tenses  ot 
the  ^erb  to  be  lor  ihe  other  verbs  l>ut  in  the  {oilo^vi^ig  sentences,  wc 
cannot  do  this  :  '•  The  doi^  sni**Us  dis;'.greeably  ;  George  teels exquisitely; 
ho'.v  pleasantly  she  looks  at  us  !" 

Tlie  directions  coutained  in  this  note  are  offered  as  useful,  net  as  com- 
plete and  unexcepUonabie.  Anoiuai'.es  in  liuiguage  every  where  encoun- 
ter us  :  but  we  musit  uot  reject  rules,  because  tliey  are  attended  with  ex- 
ceptions. 


>oO  '       Evglhh  Exercises.  C  Comma, 

'<  ,     '     V       '  ..'  RULE  II. 

,',  Grammai',  p.  253.     Key,  p.  87, 

.\, , '  Oerit^eiTCsS  is  in  truth  the  great  avenue  to  mutual  enjoj- 
•  '  ineV,t. 

Cliarity  like  the  sun,  brightens  all  its  objects. 

The  tutor  by  instruction  and  rliscipline  lays  the  founda- 
tion ^  f  the  pypil's  future  hoi  our. 

Trials  in  this  stase  of  being  are  the  lot  of  man. 

Kg  a«siimed  behaviour  can  Jways  hide  the  real  character* 

The  best  men  often  experience  disappointments. 

Advice  should  be  seasonably  administered. 

RULE  III. 

Self-conceit  presumption  and  obstinacy  blast  the  prospect 
of  many  a  youth. 

In  our  health  life  possessions  connexions  pleasures  there 
are  causes  of  decay  imperceptibly  wo' kin;:;. 

Discomposed  thoughts  agitated  passions  and  a  ruffled 
temper  poison  every  pieesure  of  life. 

Vicissitudes  of  goed  and  evil  of  trials  and  consolations 
fill  up  the  life  of  man. 

Health  and  peace  a  moderate  fortune  and  a  few  friends 
sum  up  all  the  undoubted  articles  of  temporal  felicity. 

We  have  no  reason  to  complain  of  the  lot  of  man  or  of 
the  world's  mutability. 

RULE  IT. 

An  idle  and  trifling  society  is  near  akin  to  such  as  is  cor- 

Tuptin  ^■'t 

Coriscious  guilt  renders  us  mean-spirited  timorous  and 

base. 

An  upright  mind  will  never  be  at  a  loss  to  discern  what 
is  just  and  true  lovely  lionest  and  of  good  report. 

The  virions  man  is  often  looking  round  him  with  anxious 
and  fearful  circumspection. 

True  friendship  will  at  all  times  avoid  a  careless  or 
tOugh  behaviour. 

Time  brings  a  gentle  and  powerful  opiate  to  all  misfor- 
tunes. 

RULE  v. 

Grammar,  p.  260.    Key,  p.  88. 

The  man  of  virtue  and  honour  will  be  trusted  relied  up- 
on and  esteemed. 


Comma.J  Punctuation.  101 

Deliberate  slowly  execute  promptlr. 

A  true  friend  unbosoms  freely  auvises  jastly. assists  read- 
ily adventures  baldly  takes  all  p  tieiitly  deie.fids..Ve^o[j}C@lv 
and  continues  a  friend  unciiangeably. 

.Sensuality  contaminates  the  body  depresses  the  under- 
standing deadens  the  moral  feelluiis  of  the  heart  and  de- 
grade s  man  frotu  his  rank  in  the  .reation. 

Idleness  brings  forwan   and  no  jrishes  many  bad  passions. 

We  must  stand  or  fail  by  our  owii  c-  ndu.tand  chariicter. 

'I  he  man  of  order  catches  and  arrests  the  hours  as  they 

Tlie  great  business  of  life  is  to  be  employed  in  doing 
justly  loving  mercy  and  walking  humbly  with  our  Creator, 

RULE  VI. 

This  unhappy  person  had  often  been  seriously  aflection- 
ately  admonished  but  in  vain. 

To  live  soberly  righteously  and  piously  comprehends  the 
whole  of  our  duty. 

When  thy  friend  is  calumniated  openly  and  boldly  es- 
pouse his  cause. 

Benedis  should  be  long  and  gratefully  remembered. 

RULE    VII. 

True  gentleness  is  native  feeling  heightened  and  impro- 
ved by  principle. 

The  path  of  piety  and  virttie  pursued  with  a  firm  and 
constant  spirit  will  assuredly  lead  to  happiness. 

Human  attairs  are  in  continual  motion  and  fluctuation  al- 
tering their  appearance  t\Qry  moment  and  passing  into  some 
new  t  >rms. 

What  can  b<'  said  to  alarm  those  of  their  danger  who  in- 
toxicated with  pleasures  be  ome  gidd^  and  insolent ;  who 
flattered  by  the  illusions  of  prosp*  riry  make  light  of  every 
serious  admonit'on  which  their  friends  and  the  changes  of 
the  world  give  them  ? 

RULE  viir. 

If  from  an  internal  cause  a  man's  peace  of  mind  be  dis- 
turbed in  vain  we  load  hi  •  with  riches  <u-  honours. 

Gentleness  delights  above  all  hings  to  alleviate  distress; 
and  if  it  cannot  dry  up  the  falling  tear  to  sooth  at  least  the 
grieving  heart. 

I  2 


102  '   English  Exercises^  (Comma, 

Wherry  Pi*' Christianity  prevails  it  has  discouraged  and  in 
some  d  gree  ab'.lifeh^id  slavery. 

'We'.'iri  -y.res.r 'assured  thiit  by  the  steady  pursuit  of  virtue 
r-'c  shall  obiain  and  enjoy  it. 

RULE  IX. 
Grammar,  p.  251.    Key,  p.  89. 

Continue  my  dear  child  to  make  virtue  thy  principal  study. 

To  you  my  worthy  benefactors  am  I  ind  bt  d  undei  Prov-^ 
idence  lor  all  1  enjoy. 

Canst  thou  expect  thou  betrayer  of  innocence  to  escape 
the  hand  of  vengeance  ? 

Coii.e  then  companion  of  my  toils  let  us  take  fresh  cour- 
age persevere  and  hope  to  the  eijd. 

RULE  X. 

Peace  of  miod  beii  g  secured  we  may  smile  at  misfortunes. 

Virtue  abando  ed  aad  conscience  reproaching  us  we  be- 
come terrified  with  imaginary  evil. 

Charles  having  been  deprived  of  the  help  of  tutors  his 
studies  iiccame  totally  neglected. 

To  pr.fvent  further  altercation  I  submitted  to  the  terms 
proposed. 

To  enjoy  present  pleasure  he  sacrificed  his  future  ease 
and  reputation. 

To  say  the  least  they  have  betrayed  great  want  of  pru* 
dence. 

RULE  XI. 

Hope  the  balm  of  life  sooths  us  under  every  misfortune. 

Content,  the  oftspri  g  of  virtue  dwt  Us  both  in  retirement 
and  in  the  active  scenes  of  life. 

Confu.,ius  the  great  Chinese  philosopher  was  eminently 
good  as  well  as  wise. 

The  patriarch  Joseph  is  an  illustrious  example  of  chasti- 
ty resignation  and  filial  aiieciion. 

RULE  XII. 
Grammar,  p.  261.     Key,  p.  90. 

Nothing  is  so  opposite  to  the  true  enjoyment  of  life  as 
the  relaxed  and  feeble  -tate  <>f  an  indolent  mind. 

The  more  a  man  speaks  of  himself  the  less  he  likes  to 
hear  another  talked  of. 


Comma.)  Piinciuafion.  103 

Nothing  more  stronjjiy  inculcates  resifj;nation  than  the 
experifiice  of  uur  own  indbility  to  ^uioe  .uvselves 

The  fiiendships  of  t  e  wurld  can  subsist  no  lo  ger  than 
interest  cements  them. 

Expect  no  more  from  the  world  than  it  is  able  to  afford 
you. 

RULE    XIII. 

He  who  is  a  stranger  toiudustrj  may  possess  but  he  can- 
not enjoy. 

Contrition  though  it  may  melt  ought  not  to  sink  or  over- 
power the  heart  of  a  Chris ddn. 

The  goods  of  this  world  were  given  to  man  for  his  occa- 
sional refreshment  nui  for  his  chief  felicity. 

It  is  the  province  of  superiors  to  direct  of  inftriors  to 
obey;  of  the  learned  to  be  instructive  of  the  ignorant  to  be 
do(  ile  ;  of  the  old  to  be  communicative  of  the  young  to  be 
attentive  and  diligent. 

Though  unavoiddble  calamities  make  a  part  yet  they  make 
not  the  chief  part  of  the  vexations  and  sorrows  that  dis- 
tress human  life. 

An  inquisitive  and  meddling  spirit  often  interrupts  the 
good  order  and  breaks  the  peace  of  society. 

RULE  XIV. 
Grammar,  p.  262.    Key,  p.  Dl. 

Vice  is  not  of  such  a  nature  that  we  can  say  to  it  "  Hith- 
erto shalt  thou  conieafid  no  further" 

One  of  the  noblest  of  the  Christian  virtues  is  **  to  love 
our  enemies." 

Many  too  confidently  say  to  themselves  *•  My  mountain 
stands  strong  and  it  shall  never  be  moved." 

We  are  strictly  eujoined  "  not  to  follow  a  multitude  to 
do  evil." 

RULE  XV. 

The  gentle  mind  is  like  the  smooth  stream  which  reflects 
every  object  in  it>  j'»st  proporti<in  and  in  its  faires'  colours. 

Beware  of  those  rash  and  dingerous  connexions  which 
may  afterwards  load  you  with  dishonour. 

Blind  must  thit  man  be  who  discerns  not  the  most  stri- 
king marks  of  a  Divine  government  exercised  over  the 
world. 


104  English  Eocerclses.  (Comma, 

It  is  labour  on'y  wIik  h  gives  .he  relish  to  pleasure. 

In  that  unaffected  civilirj  winch  springs  from  a  gentle 
minci  there  is  an  ii-cornparii;>le  charjii. 

Th<'j  who  rdi>e  envy  will  easily  incur  censure. 

Many  of  the  evils  wiiich  occasion  our  cunipluiuts  of  the 
world  are  wholly  ima^  nary. 

He  wiio  is  jjo  )d  oef  jro  invisi'>le  witnesses  is  eminently  so 
befoie  the  visible. 

His  conduct  so  disinterested  and  generous  was  universal- 
ly approved, 

RULE  XVI. 
Grammar,  p.  262.     Key,  p.  92. 

The  fumes  whi<  h  arise  from  n  Heart  boiling  with  violent 
passions  never  fail  to  darken  an!  trouble  the  undeistai  ding. 

If  we  delay  til  to-morrow  wha  ought  to  be  done  t«i-day 
we  overcharge  the  morrow  with  a  burden  which  belongs  not 
to  it. 

By  whatever  means  we  may  at  first  attract  the  attention 
we  can  hold  the  esteem  and  secure  the  hearts  of  others  on- 
ly by  amiable  dispositi>tn»  and  the  accomplishments  of  the 
mind. 

ii  the  mind  sow  not  corn  it  will  plant  thistles. 

One  day  is  sufficient  to  scatter  our  prosperity  and  bring 
it  to  nought 

Graceful  in  youth  are  the  tears  of  sympathy  and  the  heart 
that  melts  at  the  tale  of  wo. 

'1  he  ever  active  and  restless  power  of  thought  if  not  em- 
ployed about  what  is  good  will  naturally  and  unavoidably 
engender  evil.  , 

He  who  formed  the  heart  certainly  knows  what  passes 
within  it. 

To  be  humble  and  modest  in  opinion  to  be  vigilant  and 
attentive  lii  conduct  to  distrust  f  tir  appearances  and  to  re- 
strain rash  desires  are  instructions  which  the  darkness  of 
our  present  state  should  strongly  inculcate. 

RULE  xvii. 
Gramraai-,  p.  263.     Key,  p.  93. 

The  greatest  misery  is  to  be  condemned  by  our  ewn 
hearts. 

The  greatest  misery  that  we  can  endure  is  to  be  condem- 
ned by  our  own  hearts. 


Comma.)  Punctuation,  105 

Charles's  highest  enjoyment  was  to  relieve  the  distressed 
and  to  d(*  good. 

The  highest  enjoyment  that  C'rarles  ever  experienced 
"was  to  relieve  the  distressed  smd  to  do  good.^ 

RULE  XVIII. 

If  opulence  increases  our  gratlficdtion  it  increases  in  the 
same  proportion  our  desires  and  demand*. 

He  whose  wishes  respectinij  the  possessions  of  this  world 
are  the  most  reasonable  and  bounded  is  lik^^ly  to  lead  the 
safest  aiid  for  that  reason  the  most  desirable  life. 

By  aspiring  too  hijih  we  frequently  nass  the  happiness 
whirh  by  a. less  auibitious  aim  we  might  have  sained. 

Bv  proper  manitjjt'ment  we  prolong  our  time;  we  live 
more  in  a  few  years  than  others  do  in  mm  v. 

In  your  most  secret  actions  suppose  that  you  have  ail 
the  world  for  witnes-es. 

In  youth  the  habits  of  industry  are  most  easily  acquired. 

What  is  the  right  path  few  take  tlie  trouble  of  inquiring. 

RULE  XIX. 

Providence  never  intended  that  any  state  here  should  be 
cither  completely  happy  or  entirely  miserable. 

As  a  c^.m  winion  he  w  s  ^evere  and  satirical  ;  as  a  friend 
captious  and  dang.rous  ;  in  his  do  nestic  sphere  harsh  jeal- 
ous and  irascible. 

If  the  Spring  put  forth  no  blossoms  in  Summer  there  will 
be  no  beauty  and  in  Autumn  no  fniit  So  if  youth  h"  t'i- 
fled  awa\  without  improvement  manhood  will  be  contempt- 
ible and  old  age  miserable. 

RULE  XX, 
Grammar,  p.  240,     Key,  p  04. 

Be  assured  then  that  order  frugality  and  economy  are 
the  necessary  su  ports  of  every  personal  and  private  virtue. 

1  proceed  second :y  to  point  out  the  proper  state  of  our 
temper  with  respect  to  owe  another. 

Here  every  thing  is  in  stir  and  fluctuation;  there  all  is 
serene  sttad}  and  ord  rly. 

I  shall  make  some  observations  first  on  the  external  and 
next  on  the  internal  conrlition  of  man. 

Sometimes  ti-nidity  and  false  shame  prevent  our  opposino- 
vicious  customs;  frequently  expectation  and  interest  impel 
us  strongly  to  comply. 


106  English  Exercises.  (Semicolon. 

CHA^P.ir. 
Sentences  requiring  the  insertion  of  the  Semicolon  and 

Comma. 
Grammar,  p.  181.     Key,  p.  94. 

That  darkness  of  character  where  we  can  see  no  heart 
those  foldings  of  art  through  which  no  native  affection  is 
allowed  to  penetrate  pres  -nt  an  object  unamiable  in  every 
season  of  life  but  particularly  odious  in  }  outh. 

To  give  an  early  preference  to  honour  above  gain  when 
they  stand  in  competition  to  despise  every  advantage  which 
cannot  be  attained  without  dishonest  arts  to  brook  no  mean- 
ness and  to  stoop  to  no  dissimnlation  are  the  indications  of 
a  greai  mind  the  presages  of  future  eminence  and  useful- 
ness in  life. 

As  there  is  a  worldly  happiness  which  God  perceives  to 
be  no  othf'r  than  disguised  miseiy  as  there  are  worldly  hon- 
our's which  in  his  estimation  are  reproach  so  there  is  a 
worldly  wisdom  which  in  his  sio:ht  is  foolishness. 

The  passions  are  the  chief  destrove'^s  of  our  peace  the 
storms  and  tempests  of  the  moral  world. 

Heaven  is  the  region  of  gentleness  and  friendship  heli  of 
fierceness  and  onii.Mosity. 

The  path  of  truth  is  a  plain  and  a  safe  path  that  of  false- 
hood is  a  perplexing  maze. 

Modesty  is  one  of  the  chief  ornaments  of  youth  and  it 
has  ever  been  esteemed  a  pre-a2;e  of  risins:  me  it. 

lie  with  a  swift  insensible  course  glid^^s  away  and  like 
a  river  which  undermines  its  banks  gradually  impairs  our 
state. 

The  violent  spirit  like  troubled  waters  readers  back  the 
images  of  things  distorted  and  broken  and  commanicates 
to  them  all  that  disordered  motion  which  arises  solely  from 
its  own  agitation. 

Leviry  is  frequently  the  forced  production  of  folly  or 
vice  cheerfulness  is  the  natural  offspring  of  wisdom  md 
virtue  only. 

"ersons  ^  ho  live  according  to  order  may  be  compared  to 
the  cel-^stial  bodies  which  inove  in  regular  cours.^s  a  id  by 
stated  laws  whose  influence  is  beneficent  whose  operatioiia; 
are  quiet  and  tranquil. 


Colon,  ^'c.J  Punctuation,  107 

CHAP  III. 
Sentences  requiring  the  apj-lication  of  the  Colon,  <J'c. 

Grammar,  p.  265.     Key,  p.  96. 

The  three  great  enemies  to  tiaisquillity  are  vice  supersti' 
tion  and  idleness  vice     hich  j  oison?  and  disturbs  the  niii.ds 
with  bad  passions  superstition  which  fills  it  with  im^gii^ary 
terrors  idleness  which  loads  it  with  tediousnes?  and  disgust. 

To  sail  on  tlie  tra  cjuii  -^urf  ce  of  an  unruffled  lake  and 
to  ste  r  a  afe  course  through  a  troubled  and  stormy  ocean 
require  diftlrert  talents  and  a1a«* !  human  life  oftener  re- 
sembles the  stormy  o«ean  than  the  unruffled  lake. 

Wiien  we  look  forw.Hid  to  the  ye  s  which  is  beginning 
what  do  we  behold  there?  \il  my  brethren  is  a  blank  to 
our  view  a  d  rk  unknown  pre?«ents  itself 

Happy  would  the  po<  r  man  thiiik  hiniself  if  he  could  en- 
ter on  all  the  treasures  ot  the  rich  and  happy  for  a  short 
ti  I'C  he  might  be  but  befoie  he  had  contemplated  ufid  admi- 
red his  statt*  his  possessi-ins  wou  d  seem  to  lessen  and  his 
cares  would  grow. 

By  doing  or  at  least  er  deavouring  to  do  our  duty  to  God 
and  man  by  a'  quiring  an  hun  ble  trust  in  the  mercy  and  fa- 
vour of  Go'l  throi'gh  Jesu^  Christ  by  cultivating  our  miuds 
and  properly  em'  loyini:  our  time  and  thoughts  by  governing 
our  passions  and  c  r  temper  by  correcting  all  unreasonable 
expectations  fr'in  the  world  ai-.d  from  men  an<l  in  the  midst 
of  worldly  business  habituating  ourselves  to  calm  retreat 
and  serious  i'e«  ( Ihction  by  such  means  as  these  it  mav  be 
hoped  tiiat  through  the  Divine  blessing  our  d  lys  shall  flow 
in  a  stream  as  unruffled  as  the  human  state  admits. 

A  Tietai  hor  Js  a  c(tmp:  rison  expressed  in  an  abridged 
form  but  without  an^  of  the  words  that  denote  C(miparison 
as  *'  To  the  upr  gh.t  there  ariseth  light  in  darkness." 

All  our  conduct  toward-  men  should  be  influenced  by  this 
important  prcept  ••  H  »  unto  others  as  you  would  that  oth- 
ers si'ould  do  r.nto  you." 

Pliilip  III.  king  of  Spain  wlien  he  drew  near  ti.e  end  of 
iiis  days  refli^cting  on  his  past  life  and  greatly  affected  with 
the  remembrance  of"  his  mispent  time  expressed  his  deep 
regret  in  tliese  terms  **  Ah  !  how  happjf  would  it  have  been 
for  me  had  I  spent  in  retirement  these  twenty -three  years 
iliat  1  have  possessed  my  kingdom." 

Often  is  the  smile  of  gaiety  assumed  whilst  the  heart 
aches  witliin  tliough  folly  may  laugh  guilt  will  sting. 


108  English  Exercises,  (Comma,  Sfc, 

There  is  no  mortal  truly  wise  and  restless  at  once  wisdom 
is  tiieiepose  of  lainds. 

CHAP.  IV. 

Sentences  ivhich  require  the  Insertion  of  the  Period^  ^'c* 

Grammar,  p.  !266.     Key,  p.  97. 

The  absence  of  evil  is  a  real  Go(td  Peace  Quiet  exemp- 
tion from  pain  should  be  a  continual  feast. 

\^'ori(^ly  happiness  ever  iends  to  destroy  itself  by  cor- 
rupting the  hea  t  It  fosters  the  loo«e  and  Violent  passio  s 
It  engenders  noxious  habits  and  tairjts  the  mind  with  talse 
Delicacy  v\hirh  makes  it  feel  a  thousand  unreal  Evils. 

Fe  ding  tiie  hungry  clothing  the  Naked  comforting  the 
afflicted  yield  more  pleasu  e  than  we  receive  from  those 
a:  tions  which  respect  only  Ourselves  Benevolence  may  in 
this  view  be  termed  the  most  refined  self-h)ve. 

Trie  Res  urces  of  Viitue  remain  entire  v.hen  the  Days  of 
trouble  covie  They  remain  with  us  in  Sickness  as  in  Health 
in  Poverty  as  in  ^he  midst  of  Riches  in  our  da  k  and  solita- 
ry Hours  no  less  v/hen  surrounded  with  friends  and  cheerful 
Society  I  he  mind  of  a  good  man  is  a  kingdom  to  him  antl 
he  can  always  enjoy  it. 

AVe  ruin  the  Happiness  of  life  when  we  attempt  to  raise 
it  too  high  A  tolernble  ind  comfortable  State  is  all  that  we 
can  propose  to  o  rselves  on  Earth  Peai*eand  Contentment 
not  Bliss  nor  Transiort  are  the  full  Portion  of  Man  Per- 
fect joy  is  reserved  for  Heaven. 

If  we  look  around  us  we  shall  perceive  that  the  Whole 
Universe  is  full  of  Active  Powers  Action  is  indeed  the  Ge- 
nius of  Nature  by  Motion  and  exertion  die  System  of  being 
is  pres  rved  in  Vi<j:o!ir  By  its  different  parts  always  a'ting 
in  Subordination  one  to  another  the  Perfection  of  the  Whole 
is  carried  on  The  Hea  enly  Bodies  peipetuallyr'volve  Day 
and  Niijht  incessantly  repeat  their  apiio'mteil  course 
Continual  oper  tions  are  o"oing  on  in  the  Earth  and  in  the 
Waters  Nothing  stands  still. 

*  As  every  lep.mer  is  supposed  to  know,  that  the  first  word  in  a  sentence 
must  have  a  capital  letter,  there  woulfl  be  little  exercise  of  hi^  judsiment, 
in  applying  the  period,  if  no  words  were  distinguished  by  capital  lettei-^jbut 
such  as  propriety  reo.uired.  The  compiler  has,  therefore,  in  this  and  the 
following  chapters,  affixed  capitals  to  many  words,  which  should  properly 
begin  witli  small  letters.  This  method,  besides  the  uss  crnefiy  intended, 
will  also  serve  to  exercise  the  student  in  the  proper  application  of  capital 
lettei's. 


J^sh,  Sfc.J  Funduation,  iijfy 

Constantine  the  Great  was  advanced  to  the  sole  Domin- 
ion of  the  Roman  AVorld  A  D  3^5  and  soon  after  openly 
professed  the  Christian  Faith. 

The  Letter  concludes  with  this  Remarkable  Postscript 
"P  S  Though  1  am  innocent  of  the  Charge  and  have  been 
bitt'-rlj  persecuted  yet  I  cordially  forgive ~my  Enemies  and 
Persecutors'* 

The  last  Edition  of  that  valuable  Work  was  carefully 
<:ompared  with  the  Original  M  S 

^  ,         CHAP.V. 

Sentences  requirif.g  the  application  of  the  I)nsh  ;  of  the 
^%tes  of  Interrogat'o  I  and  Exclamation;  and  of  ike  Fa- 
renthetical  characters. 

Grammar,  p.  C67.     Key,  p.  99, 

Bevuty  and  Strength  combined  with  Virtue  ar.d  Piety 
how  lovely  in  the  sight  of  men  how  ple«;.sing  to  Heaven  pe- 
culiarly pleasing  because  with  every  Temptation  to  deviate 
they  voluntarily  \\alk  in  the  Path  of  Duty. 

Somt^Uiing  there  is  more  needful  ihan  expense 
And  something;  proimis  e'en  to  taste  'tis  sense. 
**  ril  live  ff)-m()rrn\v"  will  a  wife  iTrn  say 
To-raorrow  is  too  late  Uiea  live  to-d<ty. 

Gripus  has  long  been  ardently  entleavouring  to  fill  his 
Chest  and  lo  it  is  now  fidl  is  he  happy  and  docs  he  use  it 
Does  he  gratefully  think  of  the  Giver  of  all  good  Thino-s 
Does  he  -distribute  to  the  I'oor  Alas  these  interests  have 
no  Place  in  his  lireist. 

Whit  is  there  in  all  the  pomp  of  the  world  the  Enjoy- 
ments of  Luxury  the  Gratification  of  Passion  comparable 
to  the  T^ranqutl  Delit;ht  of  a  good  Conscience. 

To  lie  down  on  the  Pillo\v  after  a  Day  spent  in  Tempe^ 
ranee  in  i^eneficence  and  in  piety  h'w  sweet  is  it. 

AVe  wait  till  to-morrow  to  be  Happy  alas  Why  not  to- 
day Shall  we  be  younger  Are  we  sure  we  shall  be  healtliier 
Will  our  passions  become  feebler  and  our  love  of  the  world 
less. 

What  shadow  can  be  more  vain  than  the  life  of  a  great 
Part  of  Mankii.d  Of  all  that  ea^er  and  bustling  Crowd 
whirh  we  behold  on  Eartn  how  fi^w  discover  the  path  of 
true  Happiness  How  few  can  we  find  whose  Activity  has 
not  been  misemployed  and  wh  re  Course  terminates  not  ifi 
Confessions  of  Disappointing cs. 

K 


110  English  Ejcercises.  (VromisciioiiB. 

On  the  one  Hard  a'  e  the  Divine  Approbation  and  immor- 
tal Honour  on  tue  othei- remember  and  bt^ware  are  the  stings 
of  Consci  nee  and  endless   Intan-.j. 

As  in  riper  Years  all  unsrascnable  Returns  to  the  Levity 
of  Y(rath  ought  to  be  avoided  an  .Admonition  which  equally 
bf  lonij;s  to  b  'th  ^r\Q  Sexes  still  mo  e  are  we  to  g^uard  ao;ai"st 
those  intemperate  Indulgences  of  Pleasure  to  which  the 
jcuijg  are  unhappily  prone. 

The  bliss  of  rann  could  pride  that  blessing  find 
Is  net  to  act  or  think  b^yoml  mankind 
Or  wliy  so  l<)!ijri'.i  lift.-  if  lonij  can  be 
Lent  lieav-'n  a  parent  to  the  poor  and  the. 

CHAP.  \  I. 

VromibzuGiiS  examples  )f  drfectics  imnctuation, 

SECT.  I. 
EXAMPLES  IN  PROSE. 
Key,  p.  100. 

When  Sncrates  was  asked  what  man  approached  the 
nearest  to  perfe  t  happiness  lie  answered  That  Man  who 
has  the  fewest  A^'tints. 

She  who  studies  her  Glass  neglects  her  heart. 

Between  Passion  and  Lving  there  is  not  a  Fi  2:er*sbreadt!-i, 

The  treei-  we  fee!  ourselves  in  the  Pi  e*ence  of  others  tiie 
more  free  are  they  he  who  is  free  makes  free. 

Addison  has  remarked  with  equal  Piety  and  Truth  that 
Vne  Creation  is  a  perpetual  Feast  to  the  Mind  of  a  ;rood 
Man. 

lie  who  shuts  out  all  evasion  when  he  promises  loves 
truth. 

The  laurels  of  the  Warrior  are  dyed  in  Blood  and  be- 
dewed with  the  Tears  of  the  Widow  and  the  Or;  liar. 

Between  Fame  and  true  Honour  a  Distinction  i'^  to  be 
made  The  forsrer  is  aloud  and  noisy  Applause  the  latter  a 
more  silent  and  internal  Homage  Fame  floats  on  the  Breath 
of  tiie  Multitude  Honour  rests  on  the  Judiiinent  of  \\\q. 
Thinkintr  Fame  may  give  Praise  while  it  withholds  Esteem 
true  Honour  implies  Flsteem  mingled  with  respect  The  one 
regards  Particular  distinguished  Talents  the  other  looks  up 
to  the  whole  character. 

There  is  a  certain  species  of  religion  if  we  can  give  it 
'liat  Name  wliich  is  placed  wholly  iu  Speculation  and  Be- 


Promiscuous  J  Functmtion.  lU 

lief  in  t!ie  Regularity  of  external  Homage  or  in  nerv  Zeal 
about  contested  Opinions. 

XenophuRes  who  was  reproached  with  being  timorous  be- 
cause he  would  not  venture  his  Money  in  a  Game  ot  Dice 
made  this  manly  and  sensible  Reply  1  confess  I  am  exceed- 
inglv  timor  .us  for  I  daie  not  commit  an  evil  Aciion. 

lie  loves  uobly  1  speak  of  Friendship  who  is  not  jealous 
when  he  has  i'ariners  of  love. 

Our  ha:ipiness  ons^sts  in  the  pursuit  much  more  than  la 
the  Attainment  of  any  Teini^oral  Good 

Let  me  repeat  it  He  only  is  Great  who  liai  tLe  Habits  of 
Greatness. 

Prosopopoeia  or  Personification  is  a  Rhetorical  Figure  o^i 
which  we  attr.bute  Life  and  Action  to  inanimate  objects 
as  tlie  Ground  tlursts  for  Rain  t.ie  Earth  smiles  with  Plenty. 

The  proper  and  rational  Conduct  of  Men  with  Regard  to 
Futurit/  is  eguiated  by  two  considerations  Fir>t  tluit  much 
of  What  it  ;  ontdins  nmat  re.r.ain  to  us  absolutely  Lnknovn 
Isext  tliai  there  are  also  some  Events  in  it  v.hich  r..^}  b§ 
certaiidy  known  and  foreseen. 

T  .e  Gardens  oi'  tiie  World  produce  only  deciduous  flow- 
-€rs  Pe  renniai  ones  must  be  sought  in  the  Delightful  Re- 
gions Above  iioscs  wiihojt  Thorns  are  the  Growth  ot  Par- 
auisL  af.ne. 

How  many  Rules  and  maxims  of  Life  mii^ht  be  spared 
could  we  fix  a  principle  ot  Virtue  wilhin  and  inscribe  the 
living  Sentiment  ot  tiie»  Love  of  God  in  the  aff  ctions  He 
who  li/ves  righttousness  is  Master  of  ail  the  distinctions  in 
Mordity 

He  who  from  the  Benignity  of  his  Nature  erected  ti.is 
AV-  rid  tor  the  abode  of  Men  H*  ^^h<>  ftirni^luHl  it  so  riciily 
for  our  a  cOT.muiiation  and  storeil  it  wiili  so  much  Realty 
for  our  Kntertaintnent  He  who  since  fir-t  we  entered  into 
Life  hath  fol.o.. ed  us  with  such  a  Varir>ty  of  Mercies  this 
AnrriibK  and  Reriefic'  nt  Being  surely  can  have  no  pl.'a>aie 
in  our  U.sappointment  and  distress  H'"  ki-.ows  our  Fra  r.e 
he  remem'jers  we  are  dust  and  looks  tofiail  Man  we  are  as- 
sured with  such  I'lty  as  a  Fat  .er  beareth  to  his  cluidren. 

One  of  the  first  Less'ms  *both  of  Religion  and  of  Wis- 
dom is  to  mo  ierate  our  Expectations  and  hopes  and  not  to 
set  forth  on  the  S On a^e  ot  Life  like  Men  vvho  expect  to  be 
always  carried  forward  with  a  favourable  Gale,  Let  us  be 
satisfied  it  the  path  we  trtad  be  etisy  and  smooth  ihou^n  it 
be  not  strewed  with  Flowers, 


]  r^  »         English  ExercUts,  (Promiscuous. 

Providence  never  intended  tliat  the  Art  of  living  happiW 
in  this  ^Vorld  shouid  depend  on  tliat  deep  Penetration  that 
acute  sagacity  and  those  Helinements  of  Thought  which  few 
possess  it  has  dealt  mo;e  graciously  with  us  and  .nade  hap» 
prne^s  depend  on  L' prightnesi  ^i  Intention  much  more  than 
on  Extent  of  Capacity. 

Mobi  of  our  Passions  flatter  ug  in  their  Rise  But  their  Be- 
ginnings are  treacherous  their  Gr'jwth  is  imperceptible  and 
the  Evils  which  they  carry  in  their  Train  lie  concealed  until 
their  Dominion  is  established  VV^hatSo  omon  says  of  on  oif 
tht.m  \y.i\iv6  true  of  them  ^ill  tliat  their  Beginning  is  as  when 
one  lettfeth  out  ^Vater  it  issues  from  a  small  Chmck  which 
©nee  might  have  been  eisily  stopped  but  being  neglected  it 
h  soon  widened  by  the  Stream  till  the  Bank  is  at  last  total- 
ly thvown  down  and  the  Flood  is  at  Liberty  to  deluge  tlis 
'whole  plain. 

Prusperify  debii if  ates  instead  of  strengthening  the  Mind 
It^  II  ost  CO:' nion  eSect  is  to  create  an  extreme  sefisibilitj 
to  tl.e  sli^y.htcst  Wound  it  foments  impat'ieat  Desires  and 
raises  Expectations  which  no  Success  can  satisfy  It  fosters 
a  lalse  Delicacy  which  sickens  in  the  mic-st  of  Indulgence 
By  repeated  Gratification  it  blunts  the  feelings  of  Men  to 
what  ij  pleasing  and  le.ives  them  unhappily  acute  to  what- 
ever is  ujieasy  fierce  the  Ga&  which  another  would  scarce- 
ly hal  is  to  the  prosperous  a  rude  Tempest  Hence  the  Rose- 
leaf  doubled  belo.v  ihem  on  the  Couch  as  it  i^  told  of  the 
eifenainate  Sybarite  breaks  their  Rest  Hence  the  Disrespect 
shown  by  Mordecai  preyed  with  such  Violence  on  the  Heart 
of  1 1  am  an. 

Anxiety  is  th?  Poison  of  Human  Life  It  is  the  Parent  of 
n-any  Sins  and.  of  more  Miseries  In  a  World  where  eveiy 
thing  is  so  doubtful  where  we  may  succeed  in  our  Wish  and 
be  miserab'e  where  we  may  be  disajspointed  and  be  blessed 
in  the  Disappc  i  -tment  wha.t  mean  this  restless  Stir  and 
Commotion  of  Mind  Can  our  Sulici-ude  a'ter  the  Course 
or  unravel  the  Intricacy  of  Human  Kvents  Can  our  Curios* 
ity  pierce  through  the  Cioud  wh'chthe  Supreme  Being  hath 
made  impenetr;ble  to  Mortal  Eye. 

No  situation  is  so  remo  e  and  no  Station  so  unfavourable 
as  to  prec  ude  access  to  the  happiness  of  a  future  State  \ 
Road  is  opened  by  the  Divine  S:  irit  to  those  blissful  habi- 
tations from  all  Corners  of  the  Earth  and  from  ail  Condi- 
tions of  Human  Life  from  th.'  peopled  City  an<l  from  the 
aolitiiry  Desert  from  the  Cottages  ot  the  Poor  and  from  the 


Promiscuous.  J  Pi/nctaation.  iU 

Palaces  of  Kinas  from  the  D\veliin,2;s  of  T^norance  and 
Siiiiplicity  and  from  the  Ri^gioiis  of  Science  and  Improve- 
ment. 

The  Scenes  which  prPsent  themselves  at  our  entering;  up- 
on the  World  are  conrino'lv  flattering;  Whatever  they  be  in 
themselves  the  live!>  Spirits  ef  the  Youn^;  ^;Hd  everv  open- 
ing Prospect  The  Field  of  Ho})e  appears  to  stretch  v/ide 
before  them  t'leasure  seems  to  put  foitii  its  Blossoms  on  ev- 
ery Side  lu^.pelled  by  Desire  forward  they  rush  -vith  incon- 
siderate Ardour  prompt  to  decide  and  to  choose  averse  to 
hesitate  or  to  Inquire  credulous  because  iintaiig;ht  bv  Kx- 
perience  rash  bcause  unacquainted  widi  r);mger  h'^adstrong 
because  unsubdued  by  Disappointment  Hence  arise  the  Per- 
ils to  which  they  are  exposed  and  which  too  often  from  Want 
of  Attention  to  faithful  Admonition  precipitate  them  into 
Ruin  irretrievable. 

By  the  unhappy  Excesses  of  Irregular  Pleasure  in  Youth 
how  many  amiable  Dispositions  are  corrupted  or  destroyed 
How  many  rising  CapacUies  and  Powers  are  suppressed 
How  many  fl.-tterins:  Hopes  of  Parents  and  Friends  are  to- 
tally extinifuished  VVli(»  bur  must  drop  a  Tear  over  Human 
Nature  when  he  beholds  that  Morning  which  arose  so  bright: 
overcast  with  >uch  untimely  Darkness  that  Sweetness  of 
Teniper  which  once  engaged  many  Hearts  thnt  Modesty 
which  was  so  prepossessmg  those  Abilities  which  promised 
extensive  Usefulness  all  sacrificed  at  the  Shrine  of  low  Sen- 
suality and  one  who  was  formed  for  passing  through  Life 
in  the  midst  of  Public  Esteem  cul  oft' by  his  Yices  at  the 
Beginningof  his  Course  or  sunk  for  the  whole  of  it  into  Insig- 
nificance and  Contempt  These  O  sinful  Pleasures  are  thy 
Trophies  It  is  thus  that  co-operating  with  i\\e  Foe  of  God 
and  Man  thou  degradest  Human  Honour  and  blastest  the 
'Opening  Prospects  of  Human  Felicity. 

Kg 


114  English  Exercises.  ( Fromisctwus- 

SECt.  II. 

EXAMPLES  IN   rOETRYv 

Key,  p.  105, 

Where  thy  time  treasure  Gold  saySuot  in  mc 
And  not  in  me  the  Diamond  Gold  is  poor 

The  scenes  of  business  teU  us  what  are  msm 
The  scenes  ot"  pleasure  What  is  all  beside 

AVo  then  apart  if  wo  apart  can  be 
From  mortal  man  and  fortune  at  our  nod 
The  gay  rich  great  ti'iumphant  and  august 
What  ai'e  they  The  most  happy  strange  to  say 
Convhice  me  most  of  human  misery 

All  this  dread  order  break  for  whom  for  thee 
Vile  worm  O  madness  pride  impiety 

Man  like  the  generous  vine  supported  lives 

The  strength  he  gains  is  from  tlxe  embrace  he  givesr 

Know  nature  s  children  all  divide  her  care 
The  fur  that^warms  a  monarch  warm  d  a  bear 
While  man  exclaims  see  all  things  for  my  use 
See  man  for  mine  replies  a  pamper  d  goose 
And  jusL  as  short  of  reason  he  must  fall 
Who  thinks  all  ixiade  for  one  not  one  for  all 

The  Almighty  from  his  throne  on  earth  surveys 
Nougiit  greater  than  an  honest  humble  heart 
An  humble  heart  his  residence  pronounc  d 
His  second  seat 

Bliss  there  is  none  but  unprecarious  bliss 
Tliat  is  the  gem  sell  all  and  pm-chase  that 
Why  go  a  begging  to  contingencies 
Not  gain  d  with  ease  nor  safely  lov  d  if  gainM 

There  is  a  time  when  toil  must  be  preferr  d 
Or  joy  by  mistim  d  fondness  is  undone 
A  man  of  pleasure  is  a  man  of  pains 

Thus  natiire  gives  us  let  it  check  our  pride 
The  virtue  nearest  to  our  vice  allied 

See  the  sole  bliss  Heav'n  could  on  all  bestow 
Which  who  but  ft  els  can  ta^te  but  thinks  can  knOA^^' 
Yet  poor  with  fortune  and  with  learning  blind 
Thj  bad  must  miss  the  good  untaught  will  find 

Whatever  is  is  rigiit  This  world  tis  ti'ue 

Was  made  for  Caesar  but  for  Titus  too 

And  whic  .  more  blest  who  chain  d  his  country  say 

Or  he  whose  virtue  sigh  d  to  lose  a  day 

The  first  sure  symptoms  of  a  mind  in  health 
is  rest  of  heart  and  pleasui'e  felt  at  home 

True  happJne-s  i-esides  m  things  unseen 
Ko  smiles  df  lortUiie  ever  bless  the  bad 
Nor  can  her  frowas  rob  iimocencc  of  jov 


Promiscuous.)  Functuaiion.  M5» 

Oh  the  dark  days  of  vanity  while  here 
How  tasteless  and  how  terrible  when  gone 
Gone  they  ne  er  go  wheu  past  they  haunt  us  still 

Father  of  light  and  life  Thou  good  supreme 
O  teach  ine  what  is  ^^ood  Teach  me  tliyself 
Save  me  from  folly  vanity  and  vice 
from  ev  ry  low  pursuit  and  feed  my  soul 
With  knowledge  conscious  peace  and  virtue  nure 
Sacred  substantial  never  faduig  bliss 

If  I  am  right  thy  grace  impart 

Still  in  the  right  to  stay 
If  I  am  wrong  O  teacli  my  heart 

To  find  that  better  way 

Save  me  alike  from  foolish  pride 

Or  impious  discontent 
At  ought  diy  wisJom  hns  denied 

Or  ought  tliy  goodness  Itnt 

O  lost  to  vulue  lost  to  manly  thought 
IjOst  to  the  noble  sallies  of  tlie«oul 
W'lO  tliiiik  it  solitude  to  be  alont: 
Communion  sweet  communion  large  and  high 
Our  reason  guardian  angel  and  our  liod 
Then  nearest  these  when  othere  most  remote 
Aad  all  ere  long  shall  be  remote  but  tlie^ 

Benevolence, 

God  loves  from  whole  to  parts  but  human  soui 
Must  rise  i'miu  individual  to  the  whole 
Seit-love  but  serves  tlie  viituous  mind  to  wake 
As  the  smail  pebble  stii-s  the  peaceful  lake 
The  centi*e  mov  d  a  cii-cle  sti'aight  succeeds 
Another  still  and  still  another  spreads 
Friend  parent  neighbour  first  it  will  embrace 
His  country  next  and  next  all  human  race 
Wide  and  moi'e  wide  the  o  ei-llowings  of  the  mind 
Take  ev  ry  ci*eature  in  of  ev  ry  kind 
Eartti  smiles  around  with  boundless  bounty  blest 
And  Heav  n  behoUis  tU>  image  in  his  breast 


Happ 


iness. 


Know  then  this  unitli  enough  for  man  to  knov- 

Virtue  alone  is  happiness  beiOW 

The  ojily  point  where  human  bliss  stands  still 

And  tastes  the  goo<l  without  th>-  tall  to  ill 

Whei"e  only  merit  constant  pay  receives 

Is  blest  in  what  it  takes  and  what  it  gives 

The  joy  unequall  d  if  its  end  it  gaui 

And  it  It  lose  attended  witli  no  pain 

Without  sutietj-  tlio  e  er  so  blest 

And  but  more  relish  d  as  the  more  distress  d 

The  broadest  muUi  unieeltngfoily  w\ar3 

Leas  pleasing  far  thau  virtue  s  v^ry  tears 


lio  English  Exercises,  f  Pramisctiuus, 

Good  from  each  objeet  from  each  place  acquu"  d 

For  ever  exercis  d  yet  never  tir  d 

Never  elated  Avhile  one  mai^  s  oppress  d 

Tiever  dejected  v/hile  another  s  blest 

And  v.iiere  no  wants  no  wishes  can  remain 

Since  but'to  wish  moi-e  vutue  is  to  gain 

Gratitude. 

When  ftll  thy  mercies  O  my  God 

My  rising  soul  sui'veys 
Transported  with  the  view  I  m  l^t 

In  wonder  love  and  praise. 

O  how  shall  words  with  equal  warmth 

The  gi'aritude  declare 
That  glows  wiUiin  my  ravish  d  heait 

Bui  thou  canst  read  it  there 

Thy  providence  my  life  sustain  d 

And  all  my  wants redi'ess  d 
^\Tien  in  the  silent  ^omb  I  lay 

And  hung  upon  the  breast 

T  o  all  my  weak  complaints  and  cries 

Thy  mercy  lent  an  ear 
Ere  yet  my  feeble  thoughts  had  learnt 

To  form  themselves  in  pray  r 

Unnumber  d  comforts  to  my  soul 

Thy  tender  care  bestow  d 
Before  my  infant  heait  conceiv  d 

From  whom  those  comforts  flow  d 

"WTien  in  the  slip  ry  paths  of  youth 

With  heedless  steps  I  ran 
Thine  arm  unseen  convey  d  me  safe 
,     And  led  me  up  to  man 

Through  hidden  dangers  toils  and  death 

It  gently  clear  d  my  way 
And  through  the  pleasing  snares  of  vice 
!More  to  be  fear  d  than  they 

When  worn  witli  sickness  oft  hast  thou 

With  health  renew  d  my  face 
And  when  in  sin  and  sorrow  sunk 

Refiv'd  my  soul  with  grace 

Thy  bounteous  hand  with  w^orldly  bli::-f 

Has  made  my  cup  run  o  er 
And  in  a  kind  and  faithful  friend 

Has  doubled  all  my  store. 

Ten  thousand  thousand  precious  gifts 

My  daily  thanks  employ 
Nor  is  the  least  a  cheerful  heart 

That  tastes  those  gifts  with  joy 
Thr'^ugh  ev  ry  i)eriod  of  my  iife 

Th}  goodi-ess  I  H  pursue 
And  after  d-ath  in  distant  worlds 

Tlie  glorious  theme  renew  , 


FromiseitonsJ  Functuation,  117 

"When  nature  fails  and  day  luid  night 

Divide  thy  works,  no  more 
ily  ever  gratetul  lieart  O  Lord 

I'hy  raeixy  shall  adore. 

Thi-ough  all  eterniiy  to  thee 

A  joyiul  sout^  1 1 1  raise 
For  O  eternity  s  too  short 

To  utter  all  tiiy  praise 

T'  ?  -ypjage  of  Life, 

Self  flutter  d  unexperienc  d  hij^h  in  hope 

When  young  with  sang^  ine  cheer  and  streamers  gay 

"We  cut  our  cable  launch  into  the  world 

And  tondiy  dream  each  v.ind  a:)dsiar  our  frieiul 

All  in  some  darlinj:  enterprise  embark,  d 

But  where  is  lie  can  r'aihom  its  event 

Amid  a  multitude  of  Ariless  hands 

Kuiii  s  sure  perquisite  her  lawiul  prize 

Some  steer  an^ht  but  ihe  black  blast  blows  hard 

And  puffs  them  w.de  ol  hope  With  hearts  cf  prOQt* 

Fiiil  a;i,ainbt  wind  and  tide  some  win  their  way 

And  when  strong  pffort  has  deserved  the  port 

And  lujigd  it  into  view  tis  won  lis  lost 

Thouglj  bti'ong  their  oar  still  stronger  is  their  fid« 

They  strike  and  while  they  triumph  they  expire 

r.i  stress  of  weather  iiiont  some  sink  outright 

Uer  t!iem  and  o  er  their  nu.aes  the  bii  ows  close 

To  lOorrow  knows  not  they  were  ever  Lorn 

W''<^"«a  short  nieaioiial  icuvc  behind 

Like  a  iiag  flouting  uhen  tlie  bark  s  ingulf  (3 

It  floats  a  moment  and  is  seen  no  more 

One  Cssar  livts  a  thousand  are  lorgot 

Wow  feii)  favour  d  by  ev  i-y  element 

With  swelling  sails  I'nr.ke  [^ooil  thepromisd  pott 

^Vilh  all  their  wishes  iVeighled   Vet  ev  n  th«  se 

Ireightcd  w;ih  all  their  wishes  sfKMi  complaiu 

Free  tiom  nKsfoitunc  not  from  tu<iure  li*ee 

They  still  are  men  ami  when  is  man  secure 

As  fatal  time  .  s  storm  The  rush  ol  ytars 

Beiitsdown  their  sti-ength  their  numnerleM  escapes 

In  ruin  end  ar.d  now  their  pn)ud  su.ciss 

I3nl  plai  ts  nrw  t» TiOrs  on  tho  victors  bruw 

\\  hat  pain  to  quit  the  world  just  made  their  own 

Tlieir  utslo  so  deeply  dowi.d  ai.d  built  so  high 

Tjo  low  they  build  who  huUd  beneath  Uie  stars 


iiS  English  Exercises.  (Turitg, 

PARI  V. 

EXERCISES    TO    PROMOTE    PERSPICUOUS  AND  ACCURATE    WRI- 
TING. 

First,  with  respect  to  sirt^gle  words  and  phrases. 

CHAP.  I. 

Chntcnning  violations  of  the  Rules  cf  Puritj, 

Grammar,  p.  274.    Key,  p.  110. 

We  should  be  emplo>e(l  daililj  in  doing  good- 
It  irks  int^to  see  bo  pervers.  a  dlspositijri. 

1  wot  not  who  has  done  this  tiling.  * 

He  is  no  way  thj  iaierior ;  and/  m  this  instance,  is  no 
\ra>feto  biume. 

The  ds-istaiice  was  welcome  and  tlmelily  aitbrded. 

For  v/ant  of  empioyment  he  stroamed  idly  abjut  the  fields. 

We  otighi  to  live  soberly,  rigliteousiy  aitd  godlily  in  tne 
world. 

He  was  long  indisposed  and  at  length  died  of  the  hyp. 

That  word  follows  tbe  general  rale  and  takes  the  p  nult 
accent.  ^ 

He  was  an  extra  genius,  and  attracted  much  attention. 

The  hauteur  of  Klorio  was  very  dis^racioas,  and  disgust- 
ed  both  hlirfriends'iLd  strar.gers. 

He  charged  m  with  v/aut  of  resolution  in  the  wiiich  he 
■was  greatly  misraken. 

Tney  have  manifested  great  candid ness  in  all  the  trans- 
action. 

The  naturalness  of  the  thouglit  greatiy  recom.neiKlcd  it. 

The  i.riportance,  as  well  .'ss  the  autlienticabu  ss  of  the 
books  h.as  b  e.i  cb^arlj-  displaye'd. 

It  is  diincult  to  discover  'the  s[iirit  and  intendment  of 
some  laws. 

The  diT«position  which  he  exJiibited,  was  both  unnatural 
and  inco.iifortrible. 

His  natural  severity  rendered  hbii  a  very  iinpopular 
speaker. 

Thedisquietnessof  his  mind,  made  liis  station  and  v.-ealth 
far  from  being  envia'de.  ^^ 

I  received  the  gift  wiUi  pleasure,  but  I  shall  now  giadlicr 
resign  it.. 


Friypi'Ietif'.)  Fersvicuitij,  119 

These  are  the  things  highiiest  impodaHt  to'  the  growing 


age. 


It  grieveth  me  to  look  over  so  many  blank  leaves  in  the 
bo'k  of  my  life. 

It  ropenteth  me  that  I  have  so  long  walked  in  the  paths 
of  'oily. 

Met  inks  T  am  not  mistaken  in  an  opinion,  which  I  have 
so  well  consideret). 

They  thougb.t  it  an  important  subject,  and  the  question 
was  strenuously  dfbate<'  pro  and  con. 

Thy  speech  bewrayefh  thee  ;  for  thou  art  a  Gallilean. 

Let  us  not  iiive  too  hastv  credit  to  stories  which  mav  in- 
jure our  neighbour;  peradventure  they  are  the  offspring  of 
calumny,  or  misapprehension. 

The  gaidens  were  void  of  simplicity  and  elegance  and 
exhibited  much  that  was  ;i;laring  and  bizarre. 

CHAP.  II. 

Containing  violations  of  the  Jlules  of  Propriety. 

Grammai',  p.  '275.     Key,  p.  112. 

Avoid  tow  expressions. 

1  HAD  as  lief  do  it  mvself,  as  persuade  another  to  do  it. 

Of  the  justness  of  h.is  measures  he  convinced  his  oppo- 
nent by  dint  of  ar^;ninent. 

He  is  not  a  whi?  better  than  those  whom  he  so  liberally 
condemns. 

He  stands  upon  security,  and  will  not  liberate  him  till  it 
be  <ibtaiiied. 

The  meaninc:  of  the  phrase,  as  I  take  it,  is  very  dift'erent 
from  tlie  con  mon  accoptatinn. 

The  favou  aDle  moment  sliould  be  embraced  ;  for  he  does 
\wi  hold  lon<t  in  ont  nrind.  * 

He  exposed  himself  so  much  amonajst  the  people,  that  he 
had  like  to  have  gotten  one  ortvo  broken  heads. 

He  was  very  dexterous  in  smelling  out  the  views  and  de- 
sigTis  of  otlu^rs. 

U  his  education  was  but  a  little  taken  care  of,  he  might 
be  very  usefijl  amongst  his  nei^Lbbours. 

He  iniiilit  have  perceived  with  half  an  eye,  the  difficulties 
to  which  liis  cor  duct  expost^d  him. 

If  I  happen  to  have  a  little  leisure  upon  my  fcands  to- 
morrow, 1  intend  to  pay  thena  a  &liort  visit. 


1 26  English  Exercises.  fProjmety 

This  performance  is  much  at  one  with  the  other. 
The  scene  was  new,  and  ke  was  seized  with  wonderment 
at  all  he  saw, 

SECTr'II. 

Supply  words  that  are  wanting. 

Grammar,  p.  276.     Kej,  p.  112 

LEfi*  US  consider  the  works  of  nature  and  art,  witH  prop- 
er atrention. 

He  is  engaged  in  a  treatise  on  the  interests  of  the  soul 
and  boflj. 

Bome  productions  of  nature  rise  in  value,  according  as 
^ey  more  or  less  rest  nible  those  of  art. 

The  Latin  tongue,  in  its  purity,  was  never  in  this  island. 

"For  some  centuries,  there  was  a  constant  intercourse  be- 
tween France  and  Eng'and,  by  the  doniiuions  we  possessed 
4her€,  and  the  conquest',  we  made. 

He  is  impressed  with  a  true  sen^e  of  that  function,  wheB 
t^osen  from  a  r^'gard  to  tlie  interests  of  piety  and  virtue. 

The  wise  and  foolish,  the  virtuous  and  the  vile,  the  learn- 
ed and  iiinorai't,  the  temperate  and  profligate,  must  often, 
like  the  wheat  and  tares,  be  blended  together. 

SECT  III. 

Ik  tht  same  sentence,   he  careful  no^  to  use  the  same  word 
too  frequently,  7wr  in  cRfferent  senses. 

Grammar,  p.  277.     Key,  p.  113. 

An  eloquent  speaker  may  give  more,  but  cannot  give 
rcore  convincing  arguments^  than  this  plain  man  ouered. 

They  were  persons  of  very  moderate  intellects,  even  be- 
fore they  were  impaired  by  their  passions. 

True  wit  is  nature  dressed  to  adva;  tage;  and  yet  some 
w^rks  have  more  wit  than  t  oes  t.em  good. 

The  sharks,  who  prey  upon  the  inadvertency  of  young 
heirs,  are  more  pardonable  than  those,  who  trespass  upon 
the  good  op  nion  of  those,  who  treat  them  with  great  confi- 
dence and  respect. 

Honour  teaches  us  prr>perly  to  respect  ourseires,  and  io 
\iolate  no  ri^ht  or  privilege  of  our  neighbour  :  it  leads  us 
to  support  the  ft^eb'e,  to  relieve  the  distressed,  and  to  scorn 
to  be  ;2:overned  by  degradirs; and  injurious  passions :  and  yet 
we  see  lionour  is  the  motive  which  urges  the  destroyer  t# 
take  the  life  of  his  friend. 


Froprietij.J  Ferspiczupj,  t^^'c.  li^l 

HeAvill  be  always  with  you  to  sup.port  and  comfort  yoii, 
ainJ  in  some  mea>ure  to  STjcceed  your  labours  ;  gr.d  he  wdl 
also  be  with  all  his  faithful  ministers,  who  shall  succeed  you 
in  his  service. 

FECT.    IV. 

Avoid  the  injut^icioits  use  of  technical  terms.^ 

GramrriHr,  p.  277.     Key,  p.  111. 

Mostof  our  h  tnds  were  osU-ef*  in  their  births,  when  the 
vessel  shipped  at  sea,  tiat  carried  away  our  pii^^ace  and 
binnac'e.  Our  dead  lights  were  in,or  we  should  have  filled. 
Th'^  n>ainma*t  v. as  so  spruiig;  that  we  were  nbliicf  d  to  fish 
it^  and  becU  away  fo'  Lisbo:i. 

J'he  bonk  is  very  m  atly  printed  :  the  scale-boarding  is 
ample  and  regular,  and  the  reji^isteV  exact. 

SECT.    V. 

Avoid  equivocal  or  ambiguous  words. 

Grammar,  p.  277.     Key,  p.  114. 

"When  our  friendship  is  considered,  how  is  it  possible 
that  i  i^hould  not  grieve  for  hib  loss? 

Tlie  eagle  kdhd  ihe  hen,  and  ed<  her  in  h'  r  own  nest. 

li  may  be  justly  said,  that  uo  laws  are  betterthan  the  Kn- 
glisii. 

I  he  pretenders  to  polish  and  refine  the  English  language, 
have  chiefly  multip  ied  abuses  av/d  absuniities. 

The  Hnglish  adventure!-.,  instead  of  reclaiuiing  the  na- 
tives foo  their  uncidtivated  manners,  were  graiiual'y  as- 
shnilated  to  the  anciei  t  irhabitant-,  and  degenerated  from 
the  c-  stom-s  of  their  own  nation. 

It  has  been  said,  that  not  only  Jesuits  can  equivocate. 

You  will  not  think  that  these  people,  wlien  injured,  have 
the  least  right  to  our  protci  tion. 

Solomon  the  soi  ol"  havid,  who!)uilt  the  temple  of  Je- 
rusalem, was  the  richest  monarch  that  reigned  over  the 
Jewish  peoj.le. 

S(jliMn<';i  t\\^  son  of  David,  who  was  persecuted  by  Saul, 
was  the  richest  n^^onarch  of  the  Jew«. 

•  The  exumples  under  tliis  section,  ard  perhaps  a  few  ofhers  in  differerit 
parts  ofti.e  l.'Ook,  ii;ay  be  ico  ditlicuit  foi- Icamrs  to  correct  without  assis- 
tance ;  luu  I'.s  snnse  iI!''strfttion  ol  the  ruiis  to  which  they  relate,  -was  re- 
quisite, li.ey  cciiUl  r.ot  pro]ferly  he  cm  tted.  F.y  an  attentive  perusal  of 
then,  ri:d  ;i  soLMc.iient  f]>;(l"<;Uion  to  the  Teach' r,  {»rto  the  Key,  the 
scholar  \K\W  perceive  tJie  uaiure  of  the  rule,  and  the  moue  in  which  similar 
error?  niavbe  rectified. 


J 


122  English  ExercUe^.  (Propriety^ 

Tt  is  cortain  that  all  words  wl/nh  are  sigrs  of  simple 
idfas,  may  furnish  matter  of  mistake  and  cavil. 

I^isias  pr.  i^:/!S(?,d  tohi-  f 't-:;er,  rever  f^)  abandon  his  friends. 

The  ijiviri'  l^eins;  ht'apetli  lavufs  on  iiis  servants,  ever 
libera'  and  Taithfui. 

Fvery  v/t^ll  instructed  scribe,  is  li^'C  a  householder,  who 
brins^eth  out  of  his  treasure  th.ir.gs  new  aud  old. 

He  was  willins;  to  spend  a  hundred  or  two  pounds  rath- 
er t'ii'in  be  enslave^]. 

Drvden  nakes  a  verv  handsome  observation,  on  Ovid's 
wrilir.or  a  Ittterfroni  0  d<t  to  /f>neas,  in  the  fol Solving;  words. 

Imprudent  associations  disqualifv  us  for  the  instruction 
or  reproof  of  others. 

SKCT.     VI. 

Jlvoid  unintellig'ibhf  and  inconsistent  words  and  phrases. 
Grammar,  p.  278,     Key,  p.  116. 

I  SELDOM  see  a  noble  buildirg;,  or  any  arcat  piece  of 
niagnilioence  and  pon  p,  but  I  thinjc,  h(iW  little  is  all  this  to 
satisfy  the  ambition,  or  ifi  fill  the  idea,  of  an  imniortal  soul* 

A  poet,  speakii)g  of  tl  e  univer.-al  delug^e,  says; 

Yet  Avhen  Osat  food  in  its  own  <!(  pth  v  as  dro:\vn'd5 
It  left  behind  it  false  aiiu  slipp'iy  ground. 

.'Ibe  author  of  t^e  Spectator  says,  that  a  man  is  not  qual- 
ified for  a  bust,  w)  0  1  as  not  a  ijood  deal  of  wit  and  vivacity 
even  in  iha  ridiculous  side  of  his  .  haracter. 

And  Bezalee!  made  the  iaver  of  brass,  and  the  foot  of 
j!"  of  brass,  of  the  looking-glasses  of  the  women. 

And.  in  the  lowest  deep,  a  lower  deep 
S till  tiaeat'iiing  to  devour  me.  opens  wide. 

■SECT       VII. 

^void  all  sucJi  words  and  phrases,  as  are  not  adapted  to 
the  ideas  you  H'ccm  to  comrmimcate ^  or  which  are  less  sig- 
nificant than  others,  of  those  ideas, 

Gramniar,  p.  281.     Key,  p.  llo. 

No  lesslhan  two  liundred  scholars  have  been  educated 
in  that  school. 

Ihe  attempt,  l:o^^  ever  laudable^  was  found  to  be  imprac- 
ticai'Je. 

He  is  our  m.utual  benefactor,  and  deserves  our  respect 
and  obediencco 


Propriety/, J  Perspicuity,  ^'c.  123 

Vivacity  is  often  promoted, by  presenling  a  sensible  ob- 
ject to  the  mind,  instead  of  an  intelligible  one. 

They  broke  down  the  banks,  and  the  country  was  soon 
overflown. 

The  garment  v.as  decently  formed,  and  sown  very  neatly. 

Tlie  house  is  a  cold  one,  f«.r  it  lias  a  north  expos-tion. 

The  proposition,  for  each  of  us  to  relinquish  so'r.ething", 
was  complied  with,  and  produced  a  cordial  reconcilement- 

Thoacrh  leani'd.  well  bred;  and  tho«i,h  well  bred,  sincere; 
THodest)-  bold,  and  luiinanly  severe, 

A  fop  is  a  risible  character,  in  every  one*s  view  b'lt  his  o\vn. 

An  action  that  excites  la-iirhter,  withoMt  nny  mixture  of 
contempt,  may  be  called  a  ndicnious  action. 

It  is  dilficult  for  him  to  speak  three  sentences  tf^get.ser. 

By  this  expression,  I  do  not  intend  wl:at  some  per-ons 
anr.ex  to  it. 

The  ne;;li;;ence  of  timely  precaution  was  tlie  cause  of 
tlii^  great  los». 

All  the  sophism  which  has  been  employed,  cannot  obscure 
so  plain  a  truth. 

Disputing  should  alwav- be  so  managed,  as  to  remember 
tliat  the  only  end  of  it  is  truth. 

My  friend  was  so  Hi  that  he  could  rot  set  u;)  at   al',  but 
was  obli^cd*to  lay  continually  in  bid. 

A  certain  prince,  it  is  said,  when  he  iiivadcd  the  Egyp- 
tians, placed  ia  t!ie  front  of  Ids  army,  a  nu.nbor  of  cats  and 
other  animnis,  which  were  worshipped  hy  those  people.  A 
reverence  for  tliese  nhantonis,  made  the  Kjyptians  lie  down 
their  anus,  and  beccune  an  easy  contjuest. 

The  presence  of  the  Deity,  and  the  interest  such  an  au- 
gust cause  is  su{»posed  tt  take  in  our  concerns,  is  a  source 
of  consolation. 

And  when  thoy  had  kindled  a  fire  in  the  midst  of  the  hall, 
and  were  set  <lo.vn  together,  Peter   set  down  among   the  .  . 

By  the  slavish  disposition  of  the  senate  and  people  oi 
Home,  \inder  tlio  emptrors,  the  wit  and  eluriuencc  of  tfie  age 
were  wholly  turn:'d   ?uo  panegyric. 

The  refreshnient  came  in  seasonably,before  they  were  laid 
dovi  .0  "■  -r. 

We  speak  tiiat  we  do  know,  and  testify  that  we  liave 
en. 

They,  shall  flee  as  the  eagle  that  hasteth  to  eat. 

The  wicked  fly  when  no  man  pursueth:  but  the  rij;hteQus 
are  bold  as  a  lion. 


i.24  English  Exercises,  (Precision. 

A  creatm*e  of  a  more  exaHed  kind 

Was  M'iintlngyet,  and  then  v>as  man  design'd. 

He  died  with   violtnce:  for  he  was  killed  bj  a  sword.    . 

He  had  scarcely  taken  the  medicine,  than  he  began  lo 
fee'  iii?^self  relieved. 

No  place  and  no  object  appear  to  i^im  void  of  beauty. 

When  we  faU  into  a  person's  conversation,  the  first  thing 
we  rhonld  consider,  is.  the  intention  of  it. 

Guiileo  ([liscovered  the  telescope  ;  Hervej  invented  the 
circulation  of  the  blood. 

Pidlip  found  an  ob^tac]e  to  the  managing  of  the  Athenians 
from  the  nalisre  of  their  di-posiljniis;  but  the  eloquence  of 
D'-niosthent's  was  thf»  greatest  difr.cultv  in  his  designs. 

A  liermit  is  rigorous  in  his  life;  a  judge  austere  in 
his  sentences. 

A  cand;d  man  avows  his  mistake,  and  is  fGr<^iven;  ^  pat- 
riot a.knowledg  s  Ins  opposition  toa  bad  minister,  and  is ap- 
plan  "cd. 

We  have  enlarged  our  family  and  expenses;  and  increa-' 
sed  our  «?.arden  and  fr«sit  orchard. 

By  proper  refif^^  tion,  we  may  be  tauglit  to  mend  what  is 
erroneots  and  d'^foclive. 

The  good  man  is  not  overcome  by  disappointment,  when 
f  which  is  mortal  pcs'^es  awav  ;  when  thai  v, hich  i-s  mutable, 
c;ii  s  ;  and  when  that  which  ht  knew  to  be  transient,  begins 
to  change 

CHAP.  m. 
Containing  the  vinlafion^  of  the  B'lles  o/ Precision. 

Graminai',   p.  2S2.     Key  p.  119, 

This  gr*^.'»t  politi  ian  desisted  from  and  renounced  his 
desii;   s,  when  he  found  thei.s  impracticable. 

J-  -  ot  so  hij;!,  and  i.!;dppf^ndenta spirit^  that  he  abhor- 
rp''  •-    >i-det«:-ted  beifii;;  in  d^-bt. 

'fh'.»n-:h  j:ai<ed  to  ar  exaltcfj  station,  she  was  a  pattern  of 
pic'y,  virtuo, and  reIig:ion. 

Thr  hom,in  body  may  be  divided  into  th'^  head,  trunk 
liiv.bs,  ?'Va\  vitaiH. 

H>-  e;:(l  soon  approached;  and  he  died  with  great  cour- 
.    i'.frtifude. 

H(.  \^c%  dipan  <-f  so  much  pride  and  vanity,  that  he  de- 
spi-cirtlie  srntiiuents  ot  oti.ers. 

P<^vertv, induces  and  clu  rishes  dependence  ;  anddepea- 
dtnce  strengtiiens  and  increases  corruption. 


Clearness. J  Perspicuity,  cj'c.  125 

This  man,  on  all  occasions,  treated  his  inferiors  with  great 
hau2;Ktiness  and  disdain. 

There  can  be  no  re2;ularity  or  order  in  the  life  and  con- 
duct of  that  man,  who  does  not  give  and  allot  a  due  share 
of  his  time,  to  retirement  and  reflection. 

Such  eqiuvocal  and  aivibigurtus  expressions,"  mark  a  for- 
med int^Mitim  to  deceive  and  abuse  us. 

His  cheerful,  happy  te.nper,  remote  from  discontent, 
kf^eps  up  a  kind  of  dayli^^ht  in  his  mind,  excludes  every 
gloom  V  prospect,  and  Jills  it  with  a  steady  and  perpetual  se- 
renity. 


Secondly.     E..vercisps  to  promote  per^ipiculty  and  accuracy,, 
with  resj^t  to  the  construction  of  Seatences, 

CHAP.  I. 

Containing  sentences  in  which  the  rules   0/ Clearness  are 

violated. 

Grammar,  p.  287.     Key,  p.  1-20.  • 

SECT.    I. 

In  the  position  of  Jldverbs, 

Hence  the  impossibility  appears,  that  an  undertaking 
manag(  (I  so,  should  prove  successful. 

May  !'-<>t  we  here  say  with  the  poet,  that  '*  virtue  is  its  own 
reward  ?'* 

Had  he  died  before,  would  not  then  this  art  have  been 
wholly  unknown. 

Not  to  exasperate  him,  I  only  spoke  a  very  few  words. 

T  »e  works  of  art  receive  a  sreat  a(lvanta<;e,  from  the  re- 
semblance whirh  they  have  to  those  of  nature,  because  here 
the  similitude  is  not  only  pleasant,  but  the  pattern  i)» 
perfect. 

It  ma^  be  proper  to  give  «;ome  account  of  those  practices 
anciently  used  on  such,  occasions,  and  only  discontinued 
through  the  neglect  and  degenericy  of  later  times. 

Sixtus  the  fourth  wa.s  it'  1  mistake  not,  a  great  collector 
of  books  at  least. 

If  Louis  XIV.  was  not  the  greatest  king,  iie  was  the  best 
actor  of  majesty,  at  least,  that  ever  filled  a  tiiroiie. 

These  forms  of  conversation,  by  degress  multiplied  and 
grew  troublesome. 

L.2 


136  EnglifyJi  Ejcereises.  (Clearness, 

Nor  does  tins  false  mo  estv  exDOse  us  only  to  such  actions 
as  are  indiscreet,  but  very  often  to  such  as  are  lughlj  crim- 
inal. 

By  greatness,  I  do  no^  only  mean  the  bulk  of  any  single 
objeet,  but  the  lar!j^ene>s  'of  a  whole  view. 

I  was  engaged  formerly  ia  that  business,  but  I  never  shall 
bea^^iiin  concern'd  init. 

\Ve  do  those  things  frequently?  which  we  repent  of  after- 
warls. 

Ey  doing  the  same  thing,  it  often  comes  habitual. 

Most  nations,  not  even  excepting  the  Jews,  Vv  ere  prcne 
to  idolatry. 

Rais'-d  to  greatness  without  meri!^,  lie  employed  his  power 
for  the  gratification  solely  of  his  passions. 

SECT.  II. 

In  the  position  rf  circumstances,  and  of  jmrticular  members. 

Grammar,  p.  288.     Key,  p.  121. 

The  embarrassments  of  the  artificers,  rendered  the  pro- 
gress-very slow  of  the  work. 

He  found  the  place  replete  with  wonders,  of  which  he 
proposed  to  solace  himself  with  the  contemplation,  if  he 
should  never  be  able  to  accomplish  his  flight. _ 

They  are  now  eniraged  in  a  studj,  of  which  they  have 
lon^i;  wished  to  know  the  usefulness. 

Tiiis  vv'as  an  undertaking,  whicli,  in  tne  execution,  proved 
as  impracticable,  a«  had  turned  out  every  other  of  their 
pernicious  yet  abortive  schemes. 

lie  thought  that  the  presbyters  would  soon  become  more 
dangerous  ^o  the  magistrates,  than  had  ever  been  the  pre- 

latical  cleriry. 

Frederick,  seeing  it  was  impossible  to  trust,  with  safety, 
his  life  in  tlieir  hands,  was  obliged  to  take  the  Mahometans 
fur  liis  guard. 

The  emperor  refused  to  convert  at  once,  the  truce  into  a 
defi'.itive  treaty. 

However,  the  miserable  remains  were,  in  the  night,  ta- 
ken down. 

]  have  settled  the  meaning  of  those  pleasures  of  the  im- 
fio;ination,  which  are  the  subject  of  my  present  undertaking, 
j\  way  of  introduction,  in  this  paper  ;  and  endeavoured  to 
recommend  the  pursuit  of  those  pleasures  to  m    readers. 


Clearness.)  Perspicuity,  S^'c»  7^27 

by  seeral  considerations:  I  shall  examine  the  several  sour- 
ces from  whence  these  pleasures  are  derived,  in  nij  next 
pa;  er. 

Sir  Francis  Bacon,  in  his  Essay  upon  Health,  has  not 
thought  it  improper  to  prescribe  to  his  reader  a  poem,  or  a 
prospect,  where  he  particularly  dissuades  him  from  knotty 
and  subtle  disquisitions;  and  advises  him  to  pursue  studies 
that  fill  the  mind  with  splendid  and  illustrious  objects,  as 
history,  poetry,  and  contemplations  of  nature. 

If  the  English  reader  woukl  see  the  notion  explained  at 
larfje,  he  may  find  it  in  Locke's  Essay  on  the  Human  Un- 
derstanding, 

Fields  of  corn  form  a  pleasant  prospect ;  and  if  the 
walks  were  a  little  taken  care  of  that  lie  between  them, 
they  would  display  neatness,  regularit},  and  elejance. 

Though  religion  will  indeed  bring  us  ui  der  some  re- 
straints, they  are  very  tolerable,  and  not  only  so,  but  desi- 
rable on  the  whole. 

I  have  confined  myself  to  those  methods  for  the  advance- 
ment of  ])iety,  which  are  in  the  power  of  a  prince,  limited 
like  ours,  by  a  strict  execution  of  the  laws. 

This  morning,  when  one  of  the  gay  females  was  looking 
over  -ome  hoods  and  ribinds,  brouirht  by  htr  tirew.anan, 
with  great  care  and  ddii:;ence,  I  employed  no  less  in  exam- 
ining the  box  which  contained  them. 

Since  it  is  necessary  that  there  should  be  a  perpetual  in- 
tercourse of  buying  and  selling,  and  dealing  upon  credit, 
where  fraud  is  permitted  or  connived  at,  or  lias  no  law  to 
punish  it,  the  honest  dealer  is  often  undone,  and  the  knave 
gets  the  advantage. 

Though  energetic  brevity  is  not  rxdapted  alike  to  every 
subject,  we  ought  to  avoid  its  contraiy,  on  every  occasion,  a 
languid  redundancy  of  words.  It  is  proper  to  be  copious 
sometimes,  but  never  to  be  verbose. 

A.  monarchy,  limited  like  ours,  may  be  placed,  for  ought 
I  know,  as  it  has  been  ofien  represented,  just  in  the  middle 
point,  from  whence  a  deviation  leads,  on  the  one  hand,  to 
tyranny,  and.  on  the  other,  to  anarchy. 

Having  already  shown  how  the  fancy  is  affected  by  the 
works  of  nature,  and  afterwards  considered,  in  general, 
both  the  works  of  nature  and  of  art,  how  they  mutually  as- 
sist and  complete  each  other,  in  forming  such  scenes  and 


i  28  English  Ejcercises,  (Clearness. 

prospects  as  are  most  apt  to  delight  the  riiind  of  the  beliold- 
ers  ;  I  shall  in  this  paper  throw  together  some  reflections,  6:c. 

Let  but  one  great,  brave,  disinterested,  «  :tive  man  arise, 
anti  he  will  be  received,  venerated^  and  f;  llowed. 

Ambition  creates  seditions,  wars^  discords,*  hatred  and 
shin  ess. 

The  scribes  made  it  theii'  profession  to  teach  and  to  study 
the  law  of  M'»ses.  • 

Sloth  pours  upon  us  a  deluge  of  crimes  and  evils,  and 
saps  the  foundation  of  every  viiiue 

i'he  ancient  laws  of  Rome  were  so  far  from  suffering  a 
Roman  citizen  to  be  put  to  death,  that  they  would  not  al- 
low -nm  to  be  bound,  or  even  to  be  whipped. 

His  labouis  to  acquire  knowledge  Lave  been  productive 
of  «;re at  satisfaction  arid  success. 

He  was  a  man  of  the  greatest  prudence,  virtue,  justice^ 
and  modesty. 

His  favour  or  disapprobation  was  governed  by  the  failure' 
orsucce>s  of  an  enttrpiise. 

He  did  every  thing  in  his  power  to  serve  his  benefactor  j 
and  had  a  grateful  sense  of  tiie  beneiits  received. 

Many  persons  give  evident  proof,  that  either  they  do  not 
feel  the  po\\  er  of  the  principles  of  religion,  or  that  they  do 
HOt  believe  them. 

As  the  guilt  of  an  officer  will  be  greater  than  that  of  a 
common  servant,,  if  he  prove  negigent;  so  the  reward  of 
his  fidelity  will  proportionably  be  greater. 

The  comlort  annexed  to  goodness  is  the  pious  man's 
strength.  It  inspires  his  zeal".  It  attaches  his  heart  to  re- 
lii'ion.  It  accelerates  his  progress  j  and  supports  his  con- 
stancy, 

SECT.   iir. 

In 'the  disposition  of  the  relative  pronouns  whoy  wh'ch, 
what,  whose,  and  of  all  those  participles,  which  ejcpress  the 
zomuxion  of  the  parts  of  speech  with  one  another. 

Grammar,  p.  291.     Key,  p.  124. 

These  are  the  m.astei-'s  rules,  who  must  be  obeyed. 

They  attacked  Northumberland's  house,  whom  they  put 
to  death. 

He  laboured  to  involve  his  mimster  in  ruin,  who  has  been 
the  author  of  it  s 


Clearness. J  Perspicuityt  Sfc.  129 

It  is  true  what  he  says,  but  it  is  not  applicable  to  the  point. 

TJie  French  marched  precipitately  as  to  an  assured  victo- 
tory;  \yhereas  the  Enslish  advanced  very  slowly  and  dis- 
charged such  flights  of  arrows,  as  did  great  execution. — 
"When  theydrew  near  the  aichers,  perceiving  tiiatthey  were 
out  of  breath,  they  charged  them  with  great  vigour. 

He  was  taking  a  view,  fcom  a  window,  of  the  cathedral 
m  Litchfield,  where  a  party  of  the  royalists  had  fortified 
themselves. 

We  no  where  meet  with  a  more  splendid  or  pleasing 
show  in  nature,  than  what  appears  in  the  heavens  at  the  ri- 
sing; and  setting  of  the  sur.,  which  is  wholly  made  up  of 
Iho^e  different  stains  of  light,  that  show  themselves  in 
clouds  of  a  difterent  situation. 

There  will  be  found  a  round  million  of  creatures  in  hu- 
man figute,  throughout  this  kingdom,  whose  whole  subsis- 
taiice,  £:,€. 

It  is  the  custom  of  the  ^lahomctan?,  if  they  see  any 
printed  or  ^^•r■itten  paper  upon  the  ground,  to  take  it  up  and 
lay  it  aside  carefully,  as  not  knowing  but  it  may  contain 
some  piece  of  their  Alcoran. 

The  laws  of  nature  are,  truly,  what  lord  Bncon  styles 
his  aphorisms,  laws  of  laws.  Civil  laws  are  always  imper- 
fect, and  often  false  deductions  from  them,  or  applications 
of  tliem :  nay,  they  stand  in  many  instances,  in  direct  oppo- 
sition to  ill  era. 

It  has  not  a  word,  says  Pope,  but  what  the  author  reli- 
giously thinks  in  it. 

Many  act  so  directly  contrary  to  this  methofl,  that  from 
a  habit  of  saving  time  and  paper,  which  they  acquired  at 
the  university,  Oiey  wiite  in  so  diuiinutive  a  maiinor,  that 
tliev  can  hardly  read  what  they  have  written. 

Thus  I  have  fdrly  given  you  my  own  opmion,  as  well  as 
that  of  a  great  majonty  of  botli  houses  here,  relating  to  this 
weighty  atl'air;  upon. which  I  am  confielentyou  may  surely 
ixjck(m. 

If  we  trace  a  youth  from  the  earliest  period  of  life,  who 
has  been  well  educated,  we  shall  perceive  the  wisdom  of 
the  jnaxims  here  recommended. 


130  English  Exercises.  ( Unliy. 

CHAP.  II. 

Gontaining  sentences  in  which  the  rules  of  Unity  are  vig- 

kited, 

*  ^  ._      Grammar,  p.  293.     Key,  p.  126. 

SECT.  T. 

During  the  course  of  the  sentei.te,  the  scene  should  be  cha^i- 
ged  as  little  as  possible 

A  SHORT  time  after  this  injury,  lie  came  to  himself;  and 
the  nevtfiaj,  they  put  him  on  board  a  §hip,  which  conveyed 
him  iir.st  to  Corinth,  and  thence  to  the  island  of  JE^uva, 

The  Britons,  daily  harassed  by  cruel  inroads  from  the 
Picts,  were  forced  to  call  in  the  Saxons  for  their  defence  ; 
who  consequently  reduced  the  greater  part  o^f  the  is^iand  to 
their  own  power;  drove  tie  Bi  itons  into  t!ie  m^jst  remote 
and  mountainous  p  irts  ;  and  tiie  resi  of  the  country,  i:i 
customs,  religion,  and  lang'ia^c,  becon^.e  wholly  Saxtms. 

By  eagerness  of  tenipcr,  and  precipitancy  of  indilgence, 
men  forfeit  all  the  a-J vantages  which  patience  would  have 
procured  ;  und,  by  this  means,  the  opposite  evils  are  incur- 
red to  their  full  extent. 

Ti  is  prostitution  of  pra:ise  does  not  only  affect  the  gross 
of  mankind,  w'.o  take  their  notion  of  c'n  ^racters  from  the 
learned  ;  hut  also  the  better.  i?ort  mus",  by  this  means,  lose 
soT^c  part  at  least  of  their  desire  of  fame,  when  they  find 
it  promiscuously  bestowed  on  the  meritoicus  and  undese?- 
vin,2:. 

Al!  thp:  precautions  of  prudence,  moderation,  and  conde- 
scef!Sio;i,  which  Eumenes  employed,  were  incapable  of  mol- 
lifying the  hearts  of  those  barbarians^,  and  of  extinguishing 
their  jealousy  :  and  he  mast  liave  renounced  hi>.  merit  and 
virtue  which  occasioned  it,  to  have  been  capable  of  appea- 
sing them. 

He  vv!)o  performs  every  employment. in  its  due  ohice  and 
season,  suiTers.  no  part  of  time  to  escape  v^ithout  profit ;  and 
thus  his  days  b'^come  m.ultiplied  ;  and  much  of  life  is  enjoy- 
ed in  little  space. 

Dps-res  of  pleasure  usher  in  temptation,  and  the  growth 
of  disorderly  passions  is  forwarded. 


Unity.)  Fcrppicuifij,  13l 

SECT.  II. 

W"  should  nevPT  crowd  into  one  sentence,  things  which 
lu've  so  little  ctn'tection,  that  they  could  bear  to  be  divided 
into  two  or  tltree  ser.tences. 

Gramiuar,  p,  294.    Key,  p.  127. 

TI'O  notions  of  ](jrd  Smuierland  weiv  always  ^ood;  but 
lie  was  a  man  of  great  exi^^nsr. 

In  ti  i:^  uneasy  state,  both  of  his  public  and  privat-  life, 
Cicern  was  oppressed  by  a  new  and  deep  afR' ton.  t!re 
deatli  of  his  bf'loved  datis;'  t^r  TuUia;  wi.ic!«  liapperiicl  soon 
alter  her  divorce  fn 'in  OiiLj-i  lih:  wio^e  manners  and  hu- 
mours were  entirely  disajrreetblf  lo  her. 

The  sur  approaching  melts  the  snow,  and  breaks  the  icy 
fetter**  of  the  main,  where  vas*  sea-mon-t  rs  pi-rc  tlirough 
floatinji;  islanils,  with  arms  which  cnn  wi  hstandthe  cry^stal 
rock  ;  whilst  others,  that  of  th  'nse]v»-s  se'  n>  :rrf  at  as  isl- 
ai'ds,  are,  by  their  bulk  aloi  e,  ai  ined  a^rainst  all  i)iit  man, 
wl)ose  superiority  over  cnatures  of  surii  6tureiido<'s.  size 
and  forc«*,  should  make  him  miiidtul  of  his  privile.t*  of  rea- 
son !  and  force  him  (  umbly  to  adore  tlie  j»:reat  Comp.-ser  of 
tl  ese  wondrous  frames, "and  the  Autlior  of  his  own  sup»Tior 
wisdom. 

I  si:  gle  Strada  out  amoni;  the  moderns,  because  he  had 
th.e  fo'ilish  presumption  to  censure  THcit*)-,  a!id  to  rite 
history  himself;  and  my  friend  wd I  forgive  tlussliUrt  excur- 
sion in  honour  of  a  favourite  writer. 

IJoast  !iot  ti.yse.f  of  to-m<»rrow  ;  thou  knowest  not  v/hata 
da\  may  briii^  forth:  and.  ior  the  'Jame  reasoii,  despau*  not 
ot  to-nn.now  ;  for  it  nuiy  bring  fonh  go(»d  as  well  as  evil; 
wh.ich  is  a  jrround  fcr  i;ot  vexinu:  thveeif  wiJ.ii  i.'.itiijinarv 
i'ears;  tor  the  impendiii;;  bhick  cioud,  which  is  r^-j^ardjd 
wiih  so  mucii  dread,  may  pass  by  harmless  :  or  thouuh  it 
shv'nld  discharge  the  storm,  yet  ucfore  it  breaks,  thou  ma^t'St, 
be  lodged  in  tliat  lowly  mansion  which  no  storms  ever 
touch.. 

SECT.  III. 

We  should  keep  clear  of  all  unnecessary  parenthesis 

Grammar,  p,  296.    Key,  \;.  128. 

Disappointments  will  often  happen  to  the  best  and  wi- 
sest men,  (not  throuc.h  any  imjjrucience  of  theirs,  nor  even 
through  the  malice  or  ill  design  of  others:  but  merely  in 


II 


15^2  English  Exercises,  ( Sirength, 

con«equence  of  sorr.e  of  those  cross  incidents  of  life  which 
could  not  be  fors^en,)  and  sometimes  to  the  wisest  and  best 
concert od  phins. 

Without  some  decree  of  patience  exercised  under  inju- 
ries, (as  offences  and  retaliations  A\oiild  succeed  to  one  an- 
other in  endless  train,)  human  life  would  be  rendered  a 
state  of  perpetual  ho>tility. 

Never  delay  ti.l  to-mnnow.  (for  to-morrow  is  not  yours; 
and  thourh  y*'u  -hould  live  to  enjoy  it,  you  must  not  over- 
load it  wi  h  a  hurd-^n  nut  its  ovv n  )  wha'  rearon  and  con- 
science teil  you  ought  to  be  p'^rformeti  to-  ay. 

VV'  m-'st  not  imagine  that  there  is  in  true  re-igion,  any 
thin  "^  w!  i  h  ovf^rcasts  the  mind  with  sullen  g'oom  r.nd  mel- 
ancholy a^stf^^rity,  (for  false  ide^s  ma^^  be  entertained  of  re- 
ligion, as  false  and  imperf  d  conceptions  of  virtue  have  of- 
ten prevailed  in  the  world,)  or  Avhich  derogat' s  from  that 
esteem  which  men  are  generally  dispesed  to  yield  to  exem- 
plary virtues. 

CHAP.   III. 

Containing  sentences^  in  which  the  rules  for  fromoting  the 
Stieiig^h  of  a  sentence  are  violated. ' 

Gi'ammar,  p,  297.    Kej,  p.  129. 

SECT.   I. 

The  fr  St  rule  for  promoting  the  strength  of  asentence,  is, 
to  prune  it  of  all  redundant  words  and  members. 

It  is  six  months  ago,  since  I  paid  a  visit  to  my   relations. 

Suspend  youi   censure  so  lo»*»;,  till  your  judgm.ent  on  the 
subject  can  be  wisely  for-^  ed. 

The  rea«;on  vhy  he  acted  in  the  manner  he  did,  was  not 
fully  explained. 

If  I  were  to  give  a  reason  for  their  looking  so  well,  it 
would  be  because  they  rise  er.rly. 

If  I  mistake  not,  I  think  he  is  improved,  both  in  knowl- 
edge and  behaviour. 

Those  two  boys  appear  to  be  boih  equal  in  capacity. 

Whenever  he  sees  me,  he  always  inquires  concerning  his 
friends. 

The  reason  of  his  conduct  will  be  accounted  for  in  the 
conclusion  of  this  narrative. 

I  I'ope  this  is  the  last  time  that  I  shall  ever  act  so  impru 
dcntly. 


Strength.  J  Perspicuity,  ISS 

The  reafson  of  his  sudden  departure,  was  on  account  of 
the  case  not  admitting;  ot  delay. 

The  [teoplo  gained  nothing  farther  by  this  step,  but  only 
to  suspend  their  misery. 

I  have  here  supposed  that  the  reader  is  acquainted  with 
that  great  modein  discoverv,  wiiich  is,  at  present  iiniversai- 
Ij  acknowledged  by  all  the  inquirer*  into  nauudl  philoso- 

There  are  few  wonis  in  the  Eng]i>h  Iarigua2;e,  which  are 
employed  in  a  more  loose  and  'inciiciimscnbed  sense,  tlian 
those  of  the  fancy  and  the  iniairinarion. 

1  intend  t*)  make  use  of  these  words  in  the  thread  of  my 
followingspeculaticns,  that  the  reader  rwny  conceive  iigiitly 
what   IS   tlie  subject  upofi  wIit  •  1  pntce-d. 

Commend  me  to  an  argument  that,  like  a  flail,  there  is  no 
fence  iigainst  it. 

How   nian\   are   these^   by   whom  these  tidings  of  jrood 

•'ill  o  » 

news  were  nev^r  heard  I 

I'hese  points  have  heen  illu^^trated  n  so  plain  and  evi- 
dent a  man  ei-,  tlut  the  peru.->al  of  the  book  has  given  me 
pleasure  and  sattsfactior?. 

However  clem  ;tnd  obvious  t'  e  conduct  wiiicli  he  oujht 
to  have  pursued,  he  iiud  not  cour  ige  and  rosoiution^to  set 
about  it. 

I  was  much  moved  on  this  occasion,  and  left  tiie  place 
full  of  a  jireat  m-^ny  s  ritiu-"*  retlectxms. 

Thpy  are  of  those  rhat  re  Ci  aains:  the  light:  they  know 
not  the  ways  thoieof,   nor.a');de  in  the  jiath-^  th"je(d\ 

This  measure  may  ailbrd  some  profit,  iud  furnish  so^ns 
amusement. 

By  a  multiplicity  an<l  variety  of  words,  the  thou^ii  s  and 
sentiments  ire  not  set  od*  and  ac<;o  rimnd-.ted  ;  but  like 
David  dressed  out  anil  ecpiipped  in  ouuTs  amour,  they  are 
encumiiered  and  oi'press-d. 

Although  he  was  closely  occupied  witli  the  affairs  of  the 
nation,  nevertheless  he  did  not  neglect  the  concerns  cf  his 
friends. 

Whereas,  on  the  other  hand,  supposing  rhat  secrecy  had 
been  enjoined,  his  conduct  wis  very  cuipaj'e. 

Less  capacity  is  recpup.d  for  this  busine-s,  but  more  time 
is  necessary. 

He  did  iiot  mention  Leonora,  nor  that  her  father  was 
ilcad. 

M 


134  English  Exercises.  f  Strength, 

The  combatants  tncouiiterf^d  each  o^her  with  such  ragi^ 
that,  bei^.s:  ea^^er  only  to  assai',  a?  d  thoughtless  of  tnakiug 
any  <^.efen(e,  thev  i:oth  tV'l  dea-..  up<>n  ^hc  tieid  together. 

1  shall  in  the  first  phtce,  begin  w  ith  rema  king  he  <le- 
fecfs,  nd  shad  then  pioceed  afterwards  to  ichcribe  ihe  cx- 
eeiieTici's,  of  thi-s  phii-  o*  educati<,n. 

Numberless  orde's  of  bpini.s,  which  are  to  us  unknown, 
people  the  wide  extent  of  the  u;  iverse. 

ilis  extraord-naiy  beauty  was  such,  that  it  struck  obseiv- 
er^  with  admirat-  n. 

Thnuo-ht  arid  language  act  and  react  upon  each  other 
Bfiutually. 

Their  int  rests  were  dependent  upon^  and  inseparably 
connected  with  each  other. 

While  you  employ  a  i  the  circumspection  and  vigilance 
which  reason  Cnn  sugtrest,  let  your  pravers.  at  the  same 
time,  continually  ascend  to  heaven  for  support  and  aid. 

SECT.  II. 

The  second  ru-e  f<»r  'promoting  the  strength  of  a  sentence 
is,  to  attend  particular! y  to  the  use  of  comdatives,  rela- 
tives, and  all  the  particles  employed  for  transition  and 
connection. 

GflfUTimar,  p,  300.     Key,  p.  131, 

The  en^my  said,  I  will  pursue,  and  I  will  ove.'-take,  and 
I  will  diviiie  the  spoil. 

^^  hile  t!ie  earfh  remaineth,  seed  time  and  han^est,  cold, 
keat,  summer,  winter,  day  and  night,  sha'l  not  cea^^e. 

\  n  an  shoulJ  er.deavour  to  makt-  the  srh  re  of  his  in- 
nocent pleasures  as  wide  as  possil>]e,  that  he  may  retire  in- 
to them  with  safety,  and  find  in  them  such  sati^fai  tioD  as  a 
Avise  man  would'  not  blush  to  take.  Of  this  nature  are 
those  of  the  imagi;.ati«!n. 

The  army  was  cc-mposed  of  Grecian;^,  Caimans,  Lycians, 
Pamphvlians,  and  Phrvgans. 

The  "body  of  this  aninnal  was  btrocg,  and  proportionable 
and  beautiful. 

There  is  nothing  v/hich  promotes  knowledge  more  than 
steady  application,  and  a  ha  -it  of  observati-  n. 

Thou'jh  virtue  borrows  no  assistance  from ,  yet  it  may  of- 
ten be  accompanied  by,  the  advantages  of  fortune. 

The  knowledge  he  "has  acquired,  and  ti-e  habits  of  appli- 
Cfttion  he  po3i»e8^es5  wiil  probably  reudtr  hiHi  very  ngsi^o 


strength.)  Perspicuity,  tfc,  135 

Tneir  idleness  and  their  luxury  anrl  pleasures,  their  crim- 
inal ileeds,  an;t  (heir  ImniudtM'att  pasaions,  :v>id  ih«ir  tiiuid- 
itv  aud  baseness  of  mind,  have  dtjecied  them  to  such  a  de- 
gree, as  to  make  ttiem  weary  of  life. 

I  w.js  greatly  afft  tte  i,  ir^n  .  uch  that  I  was  obliged  to 
leavt  the  place,  notwithstanding  that  my  assiatuiice  had 
been  pre-sin^ly  solicited. 

I  streiiuous^rv  opp.jsed  those  measures,  and  it  was  not  ia 
my  power  to  prevent  them. 

1  yielded  to  his  solicitations  whilst  I  perceived  the  ne- 
•es^ity  of  doinj;-  so. 

For  the  wisest  purposes,  Providence  has  designed  our 
Statotobe  chequered  with  ple.isure  and  pain.  In  tliis  uiiin- 
mer  let  us  lecoive  it,  ar.d  make  the  best  of  what  is  appoin- 
ted to  bfc  our  lot. 

In  the  ti'ne  of  prosperity,  he  had  stored  his  mind  with 
userul  knovvledu.^',  witli  good  principles,  and  vlrt  !Ous  dispo- 
sition*. And  therefore  tiiey  remain  entire,  when  the  days 
of  trouble  coine. 

He  had  made  considerable  advances  in  knowlcd<^e,  but 
he  was  very  youii^,  and  laboured  under  several  disadvan- 


ta«5's. 


SECT.  III. 


Tlie  thiv't  rule  for  prom-jtin^  the  sfrpn°:th  of  a  sentence, 
is,  to  diftpose  of  t'te  capital  word,  or  words,  so  that  thej 
mill/  make  the  greatest  impression, 

Gi-ammar,  p.  303.     Key,  p.  IJ'2. 

I  have  considered  the  snbj  ct  with  a  good  deal  of  a(ten- 
tion,  upon  wdch  1  was  desired  to  communicaie  my  thougi.ts. 

Whether  a  cioice  alt»»j-^thu;-  unexceptionable  iias,  ia  any 
country,  oeen  made,  seems  dnubtfal. 

L<'t  us  endeavour  to  estahlisij  to  ourselves  an  interest  in 
Him,  who  liolds  t'  e  reins  of  tliewhol  ^creation  in  his  hands. 
Yirgil,  wh'»  has  ca^t  tlie  wliolc  system  of  platoidc  plidoso- 
phy,  so  far  as  it  relates  to  tlie  soal  of  man,  irto  beautiful  al- 
le2;or:e-,  in  the  sixtli  book  of  his  ^l:^neii!,  ^ives  us  the  pun- 
isituieat,  6i  . 

Vn  I  1-*  ilip  the  fourth  was  obliged,  at  last,  to  conclude  a 
peace,  on  terms  repuj^nant  to  his  inclination,  to  that  of  his 
peoid'%  to  the  interest  of  Spain,  and  to  that  of  all  Europe, 
in  the  Pyrenean  treaty. 

It  appears  that  there  are  by  a  late  calculation,  upwards  pj 


J36  English  Exercises.  fStrengtlL 

fi^loen  millions  of  inhabitants,  in  Great  Britain  anu  Trela-  d. 

And  al; hough  persons  oi  a  virtuous  and  learned  educa- 
tion, maybf,  a!:d  too  often  are,  drawn  by  the  tehptatioiis  of 
Youth,  and  the  opportunities  of  a  lar^e  foftune,  into  some 
irre^^M.Iarities.  v.lien  thry  c  me  fi.Twaicl  into  the  grtat  .  orld, 
kC  is  ever  with  reluctance  and  compui  ction  of  mind,  because 
their  bias  to  virtue  still  continuts. 

Were  instru.  tion  an  essential  circumstance  in  epic  poe- 
try, I  dx.ubt  whether  a  single  i-^stance  (ouldbe  given  of 
this  .^pecirs  of  compoirition,  in  any  language. 

S-nit*  of  our  most  tminent  writers  ha.ve  made  use  of  this 
platonic  notion,  a*  fjir  a*  it  regards  the  subsistence  of  our 
aftVotions  after  d»  ath,  with  great  beauty  and  strength  of 
reason. 

Men  of  the  best  sense  hive  been  touched,  more  or  less^ 
with  these  <.'roundless  hftrrorsand  prestiges  of  futurity,  upon 
surveying  the  most  in<!;fiVrent  works  of  nature. 

He  that  cometh  in  the  n  me  (;f  ih*^  Loid,  is  blessed. 

Every  one  timt  puts  on  the  appearance  of  goodness  ,is  not 
goori. 

AjhI  Ei  as  v/lth  jMgs'^s  appeared  to  them. 

W:  eie  are  your  fatiitrsr  and  do  tiie  prophets  live  for 
ever  ? 

We  came  to  our  j  urney's  end  at  last,  with  no  small  dif= 
ficidty,  after  m  cii  fatigue,  through  deep  roads  and  bad 
wcfither. 

V;rg;!  has  justly  co?itested  with  Homer,  the  praise  of 
jud  n^ent,  but  his   nv  niion  remains  yv.t  unrivalled. 

L  t  s  empl  y  *.<ur  criticism  on  ours.dvcs,  instead  of  be- 
iKf^  cii;  cs  ;'rio^.t*rs. 

Let  us  iiuplor'  superior  assistance,  for  enabling  us  o  act 
well  "ur  0  ■  n  part,  leaving  others  to  be  judged  by  Him  v/lio 
searc'  eth  H  e  lie  irt. 

The  ve">empnc:>  of  passion,  after  it  has  exercised  its  ty- 
rannical ^wav  for  h  wh:;e,  may  subside  by  degrees. 

'J'his  fa  lacious  art  debars  us  from  enjoying  life,  instead 
of  ifjgt  et  ing  it. 

Iridui'iing  ourselves  in  imaginary  enjoyments,  often  de- 
prives us  of  real  oj.ei". 

H(>w  will  that  nobleman  be  able  to  co-^duct  iiiraself, 
whon  reduced  to  povi'rty,  who  was  educated  only  to  mag- 
nificence and  pleasure  ? 

It  is  highly  proper  that  a  man  should  be  acquainted  with 
a  variety  of  things,  of  which  the  utility  is  above  a  child-^ 


Strength.)  Pcrspictiity.  i^7 

comprehension  :    but  is  it  necessary  a  child  should  learn 
every  thing  it  behooves  a  man  to  know  ;    or  is  it  even  pos- 

sible  ? 

When  thej  fall  into  sudden  difficulties,  they  are  less 
perplexed  than  others  in  the  like  circumsta' ccs  ;  and  \^hen 
they  eicoun^T  dangers,  they  are  less  alajwied. 

For  all  vour  acrions.  you  must  hereafter  >rive  an  account, 
and  particularly  for  the  employment  of  youth, 

SECT.  IV. 

The  fourth  rule  for  promoting;  the  strength  of  sentev.cesj 
is,  that  a  weaker  asserlioh  or  proposition  should  iievcr  come 
after  a  stronger  one  :  and  that,  when  our  sentence  consists 
of  two  members,  the  longer  one  should,  generally,  he  the 
concluding  one. 

Gramoiar,  p.  3GC.    Key,  p  154. 

Charity  brer.tlies  Ions;  suiTerin*  to  enemies,  courteo'is  to 
strangers,  habitual  kindness  towards  friends. 

Gentleness  ouj^hi  to  diffuse  itself  over  our  whole  beha- 
viour, to  form  our  address,  and  reij^uKite  our  speech. 

The  propensity  to  look  forwaid  into  life,  is  tco  often 
grossly  abused,  and  immod*Tately  indulged. 

The  refi,ular  tenor  of  a  virtuous  and  pious  life,  will  prove 
tlie  best  preparation  for  immortality,  for  old  a^e,  and  death. 

These  rules  are  inTend<'d  to  teach  young  persons  to  write 
with  propriety,  elegance,  an  1  persj)icuity. 

Sinful  pie  SUP  s  bla^^t  the  opening  pre?pects  of  human 
felicity,  and  degrade  human  hofiour. 

In  this  state  of  mind,  every  emplnyment  of  life  becomes 
an  oppressive  burden,  and  every  object  appars  glcomy. 

Th  y  will  acquire  did"  re  Jit  views,  applying  to  the 
honourable  discharge  of  the  functions  of  thc^r  station,  and 
ent^rinj;  on  a  virtnous  course  of  action. 

By  the  perpetual  course  of  dissi nation,  in  whirh  sensual- 
ists an*  engaged  ;  by  the  riotous  revol,  and  midnight,  or  ra- 
ther morning  hour'-,  to  whi  h  they  prolong  their  festivity; 
by  the  exctsses  which  they  indulge;  they  debilitate  their 
bodies,  cut  tht-mselves  oW  from  the  comforts  and  duties  of 
iiiej  and  wear  out  thei-  spirits. 

M  9. 


1S8  English  Exercises,  (Stungth. 

SlfiCT.  V* 

^^  f:fth  YiiJe  for  Vip  strength  of  sentences,  is,  to  avoid 
concluding  thf-m  u  'th  an  adverb^  a  preposition^  or  any  in^ 
considerable  word. 

Grammar,  p.  306.     Key  p.  135. 

By  whatl!ia'.e  already  eKpressed,  the  reaf'er  will  per- 
ceive the  busiiiess  which  I  am  to  pro  eed  upon. 

May  tlie  happy  message  be  applied  to  us,  in  all  the  vir- 
tue. strenLith.  and  comfon  of  it  ! 

Gener;'>ity  is  a  showy  virtue,  which  many  persons  are 
very  fond  of. 

Tliese  arguments  were,  without  hesitation,  and  with  great 
cagernes-,  laid  hold  of. 

It  is  proper  to  be  long  in  deliberation,  but  we  should' 
speedily  execr.te. 

1  orm  your  measures  with  prudence |  but  all  anxiety 
about  the  issu^-  divest  yonrselvt  s  of. 

We  .ivc  struck,  we  know  not  hov/,  with  the  symmetry  of 
any  thing  we  see  ;  ^nd  immediately  acknowledge  the  beau- 
ty of  at)  obj  ct,  without  inquiring  into  the  particular  causes, 
aijd  oc(  asion.^  of  it. 

With  Cicero's  writings,  these  persons  are  more  conver- 
sant, than  With  those  of  Demosthenes,  who,  by  many  de- 
giec;?,  excelled  the  other;  at  iea-;t,  as  an  orator. 

SECT.  VI, 

tR  sixth  rule  rehfingto  the  strength  of  a  senteiice,  is  that^ 
w  the  immbers  of  a  senlencey  ithere  two  things  are  compared 
GT contrasted  wiik  one  another  x  where  either  aresembtauce^- 
or  aii  oppsition,  is  intended  to  be  express-id',  some  nsem- 
blauce,  in  the  language  and  construction,  sh  mid  be  preseV' 
vcd.  For  when  t/.e  things  then  selves  correspond  to  each  o- 
thery  we  naturally  expect  to  find  a  similar  correspondence 
in  the  words. 

Grammar,  p.  308.  Key,  p.  136. 

Our  l^rltish  gardeners,  instead  of  humouring  nature,  love 
V'  deviate  from  it  as  much  as  possible. 

i  h  ive  observed  of  late  the  style  of  som-?  gi^eat  rmnisters, 
ve\r   ■•uch  to  exceed  that  of  any  otlier  productions. 

The  old  m.ay  inform  t^;e  }0Mng;  and  the  young  may  an« 
imnle  those  who  are  advanced  in  life. 

The  account  is  generally  bahmced  ;  for  what  we  als€^ 
arc  lOJCi^  Oft  tlie  one  hand,  wc  gain  oa  the  other* 


Strength.)  Fcrspicuily,  I39; 

The  laui^hers  will  be  for  those  who  liave  most  wit  ;  the 
serious  part  of  mankind,  lor  those  who  liave  most  reason  on 
tiieir  side. 

if  men  of  eminence  are  exposed  to  censure  on  the  one 
hand,  t!iey  art*  as  much  liable  to  dattery  on  the  other.  If 
the)  receive  reproaches  which  are  not  due  to  them,  they 
likewise  r  ceive  praises  whi  h  they  do  not  deserve. 

He  can  bribe,  but  he  is  not  able  to  seduce.  He  can  buy, 
but  he  hfis  niot  the  power  of  ^^aining.  He  can  lie,  but  no 
one  is  de.eived  oy  him> 

He  embraced  the  cause  of  liberty  fiintly,  and  pursued  it 
without  r'  solution  ;  he  grew  tired  of  it,  when  he  had  muck 
to  hope  ;  and  gava  it  up,  when  there  was  no  ground  for  ap- 
prehension- 
There  may  remain  a  suspicion  that  we  overrate  the  great- 
ness of  his  i^enius,  in  the  same  manner  as  bodies  appear 
more  gigantic,  on  account  of  their  being  disproportioi.ed 
and  misshapen. 

SECT.   vir. 

Tfie  f^eventh  rule  for  promoting  the  strength  and'efftct  of 
sentences,  is,  tf)  attend  to  the  hainnony  and  easijjloic  of  the 
words  and  members. 

Grammar,  p.-«309.    Key,  p.  tST. 

SoBERMiNDEDNEss  '.uits  the  present  state  of  man. 

As  coi  venti'lers.  these  people  were  seized  and  punished^ 

To  use  the  Qtvine  name  (ustomarily,  and  withont serious 
consiileration,  is  higldy  irreverent. 

Fronithe  favourablenes-  with  wliich  he  yr^s  at  first  receiv- 
ed, u;reat  ho.  es  of  success  were  er)tettained. 

They  conducted  t  inmselves  wilily,  and  ensnared  us  be- 
fore we  nad  time  to  esc  ipe. 

It  belon::;s  not  to  our  humble  and  confined  station,  to 
cens  ire,  b.it  to  adore,  submit,  and  truj-t. 

Unfler  all  its  labours,  hope  is  the  mind's  solace  ;  and  the 
situations  wliirh  exclude  it  entiiely  are  few. 

The  humblina;  of  those  that  are  miLrlity,  aiul  the  precipita- 
tion of  persons  who  are  ambitious,  from  the  tovveriui;  height. 
tKatt'iey  had  ijained,  concern  but  litth.^  the  bulk  of  men. 

Tranrjuiility,  reguhuity,  and  magnanimity,  resitle  with 
the  religious  and  resigned  man. 

Sloth^  ease,  success,  naturally  tend  to  beget  vices  and" 
"ollies. 


140  English  Exercises.  ( Strmgtli, 

By  a  cheerful,  even,  and  open  temper,  he  conciliated 
gentral  favour. 

We  reached  the  maasion  before  noon.  It  was  a  strong, 
grand,  Gotliic  house. 

1  had  a  long  aud  perilous  journey,  but  a  comfortable  coni» 
panion,  v/ho  relieved  the  f^it^^uf  of  it. 

Tlie  speech  was  introduced  by  a  sensible  prcanvble,  which 
made  a  favoutable  impression. 

Tne  commoi;s  made  an  angry  remonstrance  against  suck 
an  arbitrary  requisition. 

The  truly  illustrious  are  they  who  do  not  court  the  praise 
of  the  world,  but  who  pe.foim  such  actioLS  as  make  thenn 
indisputa'ily  deserve  it. 

By  the  n  cans  o^  society,  our  wants  come  to  be  suppliPUj 
and  our  lives  rendered  com  for  able,  as  v.  ell  as  our  capaciries 
enlaiiijed,  anti  our  virtuous  affections  caTled  foith  into  their 
p   ;per  exercise. 

Life  cannot  but  prove  vain  to  such  persons  as  affect  adis- 
relisii  of  ever'  pleasure,  whi.  his  not  both  new  and  <»xquisie, 
measuring  their  enjovments  by  fashion'^  standard,  and  not 
by  what  ti;ey  feel  themselves  ;  and  thnking  that  ii  others 
do  not  admire  their  state^  they  are  rjdserable. 

By  experiencing  distres*^,  an  arrcgant  insensibility  of 
temper  is  most  eftectually  corrected, from  the  retnembrance 
of  our  own  suiFerings  naturally  prompting  us  to  feel  for  oth- 
ers ir;  thei'^  suff'-rings  :  and  if  Piovidence  has  fav -ure  '  us,  so 
as  not  to  make  us  subject  in  our  own  lot  to  much  of  thi& 
kind  of  discipline,  we  should  extract  improvement  fnmi  the 
lot  of  others  tiat  is  haide  ■ ;  and  ^i^\}  aside  s  imetimts  f<;m 
the  flowtry  and  smooth  paths  vhirh  it  is  permitted  us  to 
walk  in,  in  ori'er  to  view  tl.e  toilsome  march  of  our  fellow 
creature>  throujrh  the  thorny  desert. 

As  no  Oi:e  is  without  his  failings,  so  few  v  ant  good  qual- 
ities. 

Piovidence  delivered  them  up  to  themselves,  and  they 
tormented  themselves. 

From  disappointments  and  trials,  we  learn  the  insufficien- 
cy of  temporal  things  to  Iwppiness,  and  tiie  necessity  of 
soodnessr 


Figtires.J  Perspicidtrj,  Sfc,  141 

CHAP.  IV. 

Instances  of  an  irregular  use  of  Figures  of  Speech, 

Grammar,  p.  315.    Key,  p.  138.J 

No  human  happiness  is  so  serene  as  not  to  contain  any 
alloy. 

There  is  a  time  when  factions,  bv  the  vehemence  of  their 
own  fermentation,  stui  and  disaiijle  one  aiother. 

1  intend  to  mixke  use  of  these  words  in  the  thread  of  my 
speoulatio',!--. 

Hope,  the  balm  of  life,  darts  a  ray  of  light  through  the 
thickest  gloom. 

The  sciieme  was  highly  expensive  to  liim,  and  proved  the 
CharybJiS  of  iiis  estate. 

lie  was  SO  much  skilled  in  the  empire  of  die  oar,  that  few 
could  equal  iiim. 

'JThe  dtath  of  Cato  lias  rendered  the  Senate  an  orphan. 

Let  us  be  attentive  to  keep  our  moutlis  as  wit^i  a  briille  ; 
and  to  steer  our  ve>sel  ariglit,  that  we  may  avoid  the  rocks 
and  shoals  which  lie  every  where  around  us. 

At  length  Erasmus,  t'lat  great  injured  name, 
(The  .t,'lory  of  l!ie  pnirslliootl  a  d  the  shame,) 
CurbM  the  wil-i  torn-i  i  of  a  haib'ious  age, 
And  drove  those  hoiy  \  audals  oil"  Uie  stage. 

In  tliis  our  d;\y  of  proof,  our  land  of  hope. 
The  jjooil  man  lias  his  clouds  that  iiUeivene  ; 
Clouds  that  'iiay     .m  his  sublunary  day. 
But  cannot  conquer  :  even  the  best  inu.t  own. 
Patience  and  resignation  arc  tiie  columns 

o 
Oi  human  peace  on  eaith. 

On  the  wide  sea  of  letters,  'twas  thy  bonst 
To  crowd  eucli  sail,  and  touch  at  every  coa^t : 
From  ihiit  ricli  mine  how  often  hast  ihou  brought 
The  pure  and  [irecious  pearls  of  spKndid  ihouglit  : 
Haw  (iulst  tlioii  irmmph  on  that  subje  t  tide. 
Till  vanity's  >Mld  gust  and  storm^  prile. 
Drove  thy  siron;^  mind,  m  e\  il  hou  ,  lo  split, 
U')on  tlie  fatal  rucU  oi"  impious  wit. 

Since  the  time  that  reason  be^an  to  bod,  and  put  forth 
her  s!ioot,  'houL^iit,  daring  our  svakinghour^has  been  a  tive 
in  every  brea^t,' without  a  monenfs  suspension  '>r  p.iuse. 
The  current  of  i  e;is  has  been  always  moving.  The  wheels, 
of  the  SiiirituaU-Uj^int  have  exerted  themselves  with  per- 
petual motion. 


142  English  Exercises.  (Tromisciiov.^ 

The  man  who  has  no  rule  over  his  own  spiri<",  possesses  no 
antidote  against  poisons  of  any  sort.  He  ?'es  open  to  every 
insurrection  of  iil  humour,  and  every  gale  ofdistrcss  Where- 
as he  who  is  employefl  in  reiiu!atie.g  his  niind,  is  n^aki'  g 
provision  ac,ainst  all  the  accidents  of  life.  He  is  erect  ng 
a  fortrtss  into  which,  in  the  day  of  sorrow,  he  can  retreat 
wit';  satisfaction. 

Tamerlane  the  Great,  writes  to  Bajazet,  emperor  of  the 
Ottomans,  in  the  following  terms — -'  Where  is  the  monarch 
who  dares  resist  us  r  W  htie  is  the  potentate  who  d  les  not 
glory  in  being  numb-  red  am.ongour  attendants  ?  As  for  thee, 
descended  from  a  Turcoman  sailoi, since  the  vessel  of  tliy 
unbounded  aiibition  has  been  wrecked  in  the  gulf  of  thy 
self  h.ve,  it  wo'dtl  be  pmpe  ihat  thou  s'  ouldst  take  in  ihe 
sails  of  thy  temerity,  and  castjti  e  an'hor  of  renentance  in 
the  port  !;f  sincerity  and  justice,  whch  is  the  port  of  safety  ; 
lest  the  tempest  of  our  vetijiesm*  e  make  thee  perish  in  the 
sea  of  the  punishnien   thou  d  servest." 

It  is  pie  -ant  to  be  virtuoUvS  and  good  ;  be.ausethat  is  to 
excel  mai-y  others  :  i;  is  p'e  sanr  to  grow  better,  b -cause 
that  is  to  excel  ourselves  :  it  is  plear-ant  to  coinmanel  our 
a}  jietites  and  pa  ^ ions,  and  to  keep  them  i»  due  order, 
within  the  bounds  of  reason  and  reliirion  ;  because  this  is 
empire  :  nay  it  is  pleasant  e\en  to  mortify  and  subdue  our 
lusts  :  because  that  is  vie  t  ry. 

CHAP.  V. 

Violations  of  the  Rules  respi^ctirig  perspicuous  and  accurate 
wriiing,  promiscuously  disposed. 

See  the  Key,  p.  141. 
SECT.  I. 

What  is  human  life  to  all,  but  a  mixture,  with  various 
cares  and  tr'Jiiblf»s,  of  some  scattered  joys  and  ple-^sures  ? 

When  favours  of  every  kind  are  conferred  speedily,  they 
are  tioubled. 

He  will  soon  weary  the  company,  whois  him§elf  wearied. 

He  must  endure  the  follies  of  others,  who  will  have  their 
kindness. 

For  the  last  years  of  man,  the  first  must  make  provision. 

Perpetual  light-mindedne-s  must  terminate  in  ignorance. 

Tn  these,  and  in  such  like  cases,  we  should,  in  our  alms, 
generally  suffl^r  none  to  be  witnesses,  but  Hirn  who  must 
see  every  thing. 


Froini<iCHOJLS.)  Persmcuify,  S(c.  I4S 

''til  re  i^O'i  ^^  hv  he  is  so  badly  qualifie  1  for  the  business, 
18  bf cause-  ^e  ne;:lef.ted  iiis  studies,  and  opportunities  ot 
imj;ro\ement. 

J  i;  it  Plutarch  wrote  lives  o'"  D-  n'.o^^henes  and  Cicero  at 
ClifCM-nea*  i^  is  elf ar  from  his  o.vn  account. 

I  wish  to  cultivate  jonr  further  acquaintance. 

He  may  P'obablj  mAe  the  attempt,  but  Ue  cannot  possi- 
bly 8UC(  eed. 

'N  »  rains  were  spared  by  Ms  tutor,  in  order  to  his  bein"- 
improved  in  a'-l  us*  ful  kr»owled;ie. 

in  no  sc^-ne  (.f  er  life  Vras  ever  Mary's  address  more  re- 
markably displav«'d. 

T'  i^  wus  the  cause  which  first  gave  rise  to  such  a  barba- 
rous pracii(  e. 

He  cr.iftdy  endeavoured,  by  a  '  ari(^ty  of  fal.«e  insinua- 
tio  s,  which  he  made  use  ot,  to  turn  the  emperor  to  his  pur- 

I'I.e  beauty  in  the  earth  equaL-  the  grandeur  in  the  hea- 
Tens. 

In  hea'th  and  vigour  of  body,  and  in  the  state  of  worldly 
fortun*-,  a  I  rpj  ice. 

\\\\;v  passes  in  the  hearts  of  men,  is  generally  unknown 
ioth**  p':biic  eye. 

M-iny  anSOciatior>s  are  unlttd  by  laws  the  most  arbitrary. 

T  ese  instances  may,  it  is  hop'.d,bt'  sufficient  to  saiiafy 
every  reasonable  mind. 

}3y  Such  general  and  comprehensive  rules  as  this,  the 
clearest  ideas  are  conveyed. 

He  deterntiiied  not  to  comply  with  the  iiroposal,  except 
he  should  ?e'eive  a  more  ample  colaperl^ation. 

Ti  e  e  can  b'*  no  doabt  but  that  tli^'V  b.  iieve  tlie  perusal 
of  such  banks  had  ruiHed  th^ir  principl*-. 

Tiiey  declared  to  their  frierHJs.  t'lat  they  believed  the 
peru-al  of  such  books  had  ruined  their  ptinriples. 

John's  temper  greatly  indisp(»std  him  fov  if'srruction. 

Vegetation  is  advancing  constantly,   though  no  e>ecaii 
trace, 
the  steps  of  its  gradation. 

The  rea<ion  of  my  consenting  to  the  measure,  was  owino- 
to  his  im:)ortunitv. 

I  conceived  a  great  regard  for  him,  and  could  not  but 
mourn  for  hU  \(\s<. 

The  o  licer  appreheeded  hira,  and  confined  him  in  his 
Qwn  l^ouse. 


144  English  Eccerdses,  fPromiscuous, 

Charlotte,  the  frienH  of  Amelia,  +o  whom  no  one  imputed 
blame,  was  too  piomptin  her  vindication. 

Men  who  are  rich  and  avaricious,  lose  themselves  in  a 
spriiig  v>hich  miiiht  liuve  cherished  ail  arovind  them. 

I  should  prefer  him  to  be  rather  of  siow  parts,  than  with 
a  bad  disposiuon. 

As  soon  as  Eujjenius  undertook  the  care  cf  a  parish,  it 
immediately  eriirosscd  the  whole  of  his  attention. 

The  piaa  will  at  once  coiitri'jute  to  general  convenience, 
and  add  to  the  beauty  and  e'e^rance  of  the  town. 

To^"t  er  with  the  natioiiai  debt,  the  greatest  national 
advantages  are  also  transmitted  to  succ*^eding  jrener ations. 

Th^ir  i':timacy  had  commenced  in  the  happier  period, 
perliaps,  of  their  youth  and  obscurity. 

ITis  ubject  is  precisely  of  that  kind,  which  a  daring  im- 
agination could    lone  have  adopted. 

This  emperor  conjvred  the  senate,  that  the  purity  of  his 
reign  migjht  not  be  stained  or  contamiiiated,  by  the  blood 
even  of  a  g'iity  senator. 

It  is  a  happy  constitution  of  mind,  to  be  able  foview  suc- 
cessive objtcts  so  steadily,  ;js  that  tise  more  may  never  pre- 
vent us  from  doing  ju«>tice  to  the  less  important. 

This  a'^ivitv  dri  w  j^-eat  numbers  of  enterprising  men 
over  t  ■  Virgi'iia,  who  came  either  in  search  of  fortune,  or  of 
libertv,  which  was  the  only  compensation  for  the  want  of  it. 

The  erroneous  judgment  of  parents,  concerning  the  con- 
duct of  srhoohnasters,  has  rrusiied  the  pea  e  of  manv  an 
msfenuous  man,  who  engaged  in  the  care  of  youth  ;  and 
paved  the  way  to  the  ruin  of  hopeful  boys. 

SECT.  II. 
Key,  p.  143. 

The  Greek  doubtless  is  a  language  which  is  much  superi- 
or in  riches,  harraony,  and  variety,  to  Latin. 

Those  three  great  jren  u&'s  flourished  in  the  same  period. 

He  has  made  a  judicious  adaption  of  the  examples  to  the 
rule. 

This  part  of  knowledge  h^s  been  always  growing,  and 
will  do  so,  till  the  subject  be  exhan^ted. 

A  boy  of  twelve  years  old  may  study  these  lessons. 

The  servant  produced  from  his  late  master  an  undenia- 
ble character. 

1  a*i  surprised  that  so  great  a  philosopher  rs  you  are, 
should  spend  yo\ir  lime  is  the  p^w-swit  of  &«ch  ch4i3fteras. 


FromiscuousJ  P^rspicuUy,  ^c.  145 

The  ends  of  a  divine  and  human  legislator, are  vastly  dif- 
ferent. . 

Scarce  had  the  «  Spirit  of  Laws"  made  its  appearance, 

than  it  was  attacked. 

His  do  iHtion  was  the  more  acceptable,  that  it  was  given 

without  solicitati<»n. 

This  subject  is  an 'inwelcome  intruder,  aftbrdin?  but  an 
uneasy  sensation,  and  brings  with  it  always  a  mixture  of 
concern  and  comp^ssv  n. 

He  accordingly  draw*  ou^  hi^  forces,  and  oftVrs  battle  to 
Hiero,  who  imnjedi;itelv  accepted  it. 

James  laid  lite  in  bed  yesterday,  and  this  morning  he  lays 
stlii  later. 

The  reason  of  this  stranje  proceeding,  will  be  accounted 
for  wiien  I  make  mv  dtfence. 

1  have  observed  him  often,  and  his  manner  of  proceeding 
is  thus:  he  enjowis  first  sdence;  and  tlien,  &.\ 

Havuig  not  known,  or  not  cousidejeU  the  subject,  he  made 
a  verv  crude  decision. 

Th'ey  all  were  dec  ived  by  his  fair  pretences,  and  they  all 
of  them  lost  their  property. 

\i  is  above  a  year  since  the  time  that  I  left  school. 

He  was  guilty  of  such  atrocious  conduct,  that  he  was  de- 
serted by  his  friends  for  sood  and  all. 

No  other  empl-yment  besides  a  bookseller  suited  iiis  in- 
clirlatioM. 

He  cby  I  am  in  tructe(),  and  tliereby  I  am  honoured. 

1  plead  my  good  intention  ;  and  after  sonie  time  he  assen- 
ted thereto;  wliereby  1  entirely  escaped  all  pui.ishment. 

Tins  1  am  disposed  to  the  rather,  tliat  it  will  serve  to  il- 
lustrate the  principles  advanced  above. 

From  vvhat  1  have  said,  you  will  perceive  readily  the  sub- 
ject I  am  to  j)roceed  upon. 

These  are  points  too  trivial  t^  take  notice  of.  They  are 
objects  I  am  totally  unacquainted  with. 

The  nearer  thi't  men  approa  h  each  other,  the  more  ni- 
merous  tlie  points  of  c(»nta<  t  in  which  they  toucli,  and  tlie 
greater  th'ir  pleasures  or  pains. 

Thus  I  have  endeavoured  to  make  the  subject  be  better 
understood. 

Tfis  is  the  mo**t  useful  art  of  which  me'^  are  possessed. 

T'  e  French  writer.^  of  sermons  btudy  iieaiaeab  in  laying 
down  their  heads, 

N 


146  English  Exercises.  fPromisciiom 

There  is  not  anj  beauty  more  in  one  of  them  than  in  an- 
other. 

SECT.  III. 
Key,  p.  145. 

Study  to  unite  with  firmness  of  principle,  gentleness  of 
manners,  a' id  affable  behaviour  with  untainted  integrity. 

in  that  work,  we  are  every  now  arid  then  interrupted 
with  unnatural  t"  oughts. 

Ratino:  one  or  two  expressions^  the  composition  is  not  sub- 
ject to  censure. 

To  answer  his  purpose  eSectually,  he  pitched  upon  a  very 
moving  story. 

1  aiu  not  able  to  discover  whether  these  points  are  any 
how  connected. 

These  are  arguments  which  cannot  be  got  over  by  all  the 
cavils  of  infidelity. 

This  matter  1  had  a  great  mind  to  reply  to. 

I  hope  that  I  may  not  be  troubled  in  future,  on  this  or  any 
the  like  occasions. 

It  is  difiicult  to  unite  together  copiousness  and  precision. 

Let  us  consider  of  the  proper  means  to  effect  our  pur- 
pose. 

We  must  pay  attention  to  what  goes  before  and  imme- 
diately follows  after. 

The  more  that  this  track  is  pursued,  the  more  that  elo- 
quence ib  studied,  the  more  shall  we  be  guarded  against  a 
false  taste. 

True  believers  of  every  class  and  denomination  on  earth, 
make  up  the  church  and  people  of  God. 

This  is  the  sum  and  substance  ot  that  which  has  been 
said  on  the  subject. 

A  perfect  union  of  wit  and  judgment,  is  one  of  the  rarest 
thinjrs  in  the  world. 

Praise,  like  gold  and  diamonds,  owes  to  its  scarcity  only 
its  value. 

Intemperance  will  make  lite  short  and  sad,  though  it  may 
fi,re  the  spirit  for  an  hour. 

From  their  errors  of  education,  all  their  miseries  have  pro- 
ceeded. 

Their  disinterestedness  of  conduct  produced  general  ad- 
miration. J 

I  viewed  the  habitation  of  my  departed  fnen«i. —  ven- 
erable shade  !  I  then  ^a^  e  tliee  a  tear  :  accept  now  of  one 
cotdial  drop  that  fulh  to  thy  memory. 


Fromiscuous,J  Perspicuity,  S(c.  l^T 

To-iiay  we  are  here  ;  to-morrow  we  are  gone. 

Tills  author  is  more  remarkable  fur  strength  of  sentia^eiit, 
than  harmonious  langua^re. 

Many  persons  are  more  delighted  with  correct  and  ele- 
gant language,  than  with  the  importance  of  sentiment  and 
accuracy  of  reasoning. 

I  feel  myself  grateful  to  my  friend,  for  all  the  instances 
of  his  kmlness,  which  he  has  often  manifested  to  me. 

It  is  notfiom  thi»  world  that  any  source  of  comiort  can 
arise,  to  cheer  the  gloom  t>f  the  last  hour. 

SECT.  IV. 
Key,  p.  147. 
It  is  dangerous  for  beauty  that  is  mortal,  or  for  terrestrial 
virtue,  to  bo  oxammed  by  a  light  that  is  too  strong  for  it. 

Beautiful  wonen  possess  seldom  any  2;reat  accoitiplish- 
irents,  because  they  study  behaviour  rather  than  solid  ex- 
cellence, for  the  most  pait. 

It  is  to  discover  tae  te-iiMcr  of  froward  children,  not  that 
of  men,  far  ie>s  that  of  C  a-'stians^  to  iVet  and  repine  at 
every  disapiiomtment  of  our  wis'-'.es. 

It'is  ordai!:ed  nnd  decreed  by  Provid  -nee,  that  nothing 
sha.l  be  obtaaied  in  )ur  pres^'nt  state,  that  is  truly  valua- 
ble, except  it  b*^  \\  ith  diiTiculty  and  ilani,et'. 

Pauses  of  ease  ;thd  relaxation,  lahuur  necess  irily  requires  ; 
and  the  d^-licio'isness  of  ease  makes  us  communly  unwil- 
ling to  return  to  ',ab  »ur. 

Nothing  which  is  ?iot  rig' t  can  be  great;  nothing  can  be 
girtable  to  tue  dignity  of  the  human  mind  which  reason  con- 
demns. 

We  have  warm  hopes  in  youth,  which  are  blasted  soon 
bv  negligence  and  rashness  ;  and  gnat  des-igns  winch  are 
d'feateil  by  inexperience  aiil  iijnorance  of  the  w.-rid. 

T'.e  haunts  of  di-,sipafi  m,  by  niii'it  and  day,  open  many 

a  wide  and  inviting  ga'e  to  the  children  of  idleness  and  sloth. 

True   virtue   (as' all  its  parts  are  connected,  piety  with 

morality,  charitv  wi'.'>  justice,  '>enevulence  with  temperauce 

and  fortitude,;  must  f-'rm  one  complete  and  entire  system. 

Dissimulation  obscures  parts  and  learning  ;  degrades  the 
lustre  of  eveiy  accomplishment;  and  plunges  us  into  uni- 
versal contempt. 

Conhdent  as  y  >u  now  are  in  your  ussertions.and  positive  as 
you  are  in  your  opinion^,  be  assured  tie  time  approaches 
\vhen  things  and  men  will  appear  m  a  ditferent  lignt  to  you. 


148  English  Exercises.  (Promiscuous, 

In  ibis  age  of  dissipation  and  luxury  in  which  we  live, 
how  many  avenues  are  constantly  open  that  carry  us  to  the 
gates  of  folly  ! 

Tiirough  extravagance  and  idleness,  and  vain  inclination 
of  emulating  others  in  the  >plendid  show  of  life,  many  run 
into  charges  exit'cdiiig  ih^^ir  property. 

Objects  are  separated  from  each  otlier,  by  their  qualities : 
ihey  are  clstinLfuished  by  th '  distance  of  time  or  |)lace. 

Clarendon,  being  a  man  of  extensi-e  abilities,  stored. 
Tiis  Diind  with  a  vai  ^efy  of  idf^as;  vrhich  circumsiance  con- 
tributed to  the  successful  exertion  of  his  vigorous  capacity. 

SECT.  V, 
Key,  p.  148. 

The -most  high  degree  of  leverence  and  attention  should 
be  paid  to  jouth  ;  and  nothing  that  is  indecent  or  indelicate 
shoi'ld  be  suffered  to  approach  their  eyes  or  their  ears. 

He  who  i.,  blessed  with  a  clear  conscience,  in  the  wor^t 
conjunctures  of  human  life,  enjo^^s  an  elevation  of  mind 
pec'iliar  to  virtue,  as  well  as  dii::nity  and  peace. 

The  hand  of  industry  may  chanj^e,  in  a  few  years,  the 
face  of  a  countiy ;  but  to  alter  the  seiitiments  and  manners 
of  a  people,  requires  often  as  many  generations. 

"SVhetj  the  !  uman  mind  dwells  attentively  and  long  upon 
an\  subject,  the  passions  are  apt  to  grow  enthusiastic,  inter- 
•^isted,  and  wsrm;  and  the  understanding  nhicli  they  ought 
to  obey,  they  (  fien  force  into  their  service. 

Stime  years  after,  being  released  from  prison,  by  reason 
of  his  consummate  knowledge  of  civd  law,  and  of  mil- 
itary aft'rirs,  he  was  exalted  to  the  supreme  power. 

The  discontented  man  (as  his  spleen  irritates  and  sours 
his  Temper,  and  leads  him  to  discharge  its  venom  on  all  wiih 
whom  he  stands  connected,)  is  never  found  without  a  great 
share  of  malignity. 

We  cannot  duubt  but  all  the  proceedings  of  Providence 
will  appear  as  equitable,  when  fully  understood    and  com- 
pletely intelligible,  as  r.ow  they  seem  irregu  lar. 

All  that  great  wealth  gives  more  t  an  a  moderufe  fortune, 
generally  is,  more  room  tor  the  fr»  aks  of  caprice,  and  privi- 
lege for  ignorance  and  vice;  of  flatteries  a  quicker  succes- 
sion, and  alargt^r  circle  of  voluptuousness. 

The  »niscarna2;es  of  the  great  designs  of  princes  ar^  re- 
corded in  the  histories  of  the  world,  but  are  of  Uttle  use  to 


Frcrdlscnous.J  Perspicuitt/,  Sfc,  149 

the  bulk  of  niankiiifl  who  seem  verv  little  interested  in  re- 
cords of  miscarriages  whicli  cannot  happen  to  them. 

Were  there  any  man  wlio  could  say,  in  the  course  of  his 
life,  that  he  had  never  suSered  himself  to  be  transported  bj 
passion,  or  had  ever  ^iven  just  ground  of  offence  to  any  one, 
such  a  man  miglit,  wlien  he  received  from  others  unreason- 
able treatment  have  some  plea  for  impatience. 

Christianity  will,  at  some  future  period,  influence  the 
conduct  of  nations  as  well  as  individuals.  But  tiiis  will  be, 
through  its  greatest  probability  its  latest  triumph  :  for  this 
can  be  only  brought  about  through  the  medium  of  private 
character:  and  therefore  will  be  not  rapid  in  its  progress, 
and  visible  at  every  step  ;  but  gradual,  and  visible  when 
considerable  effects  onlv  have  been  produced. 

The  British  constitution  stands  like  an  aru  ient  oak  in 
the  wood,  among  the  nations  of  tlie  earth:  which,  aftor  !ia- 
vinjr  overcome  many  a  blast,  overtops  the  other  trees  of 
the  forestj,  and  commands  respect  and  veneration. 

SECT.  VI. 
Key,  p.  150. 

"What  an  anchor  is  to  a  vessel  amidst  a  boisterous  ocean, 
on  a  coast  unkn(»\\  n,  and  in  a  dark  nigiit,  th.it  ;s  the  iiope  of 
f.ture  happiness  to  the  soul,  when  besot  by  the  confusions 
of  the  world:  for  in  danger,  it  aflford-  one  fixed  point  of 
rest;  amidst  general  fluctuation,  it  gives  security. 

Our  pride  and  self  conceit,  (by  nourishing  a  weak  and 
childish  sensibility  to  ev»  ry  fa!:cied  point  of  our  own  hm- 
our  and  inter^'st,)  while  they  shut  up  all  re2,ard  to  tlie  hon- 
our or  interest  of  our  br<.  thren,  render  us  quarrelsome  and 
contentious. 

If  there  be  any  fiist  pri*  (iple  of  wisdom,  it  undoubtedly 
is  this :  the  distresses  that  are  removable,  endeavour  to  re- 
mr.ve;  bear  wit!»  as  litrle  disquiet  as  you  c.^n  the  dirtre-j^es 
>vhich  nnot  be  removed :  comforts  arc  to  be  i'onud  in  eve  y 
situation  and  condition  of  life;  having  lound  them,  enjoy 
tliem. 

Instead  of  aspiring  far  her  than  y-  ur  proper  level,  bring 
your  mind  down  to  your  state  ;  lest  you  spend  vour  Ife  in 
a  trjin  (A  fruitless  pursu.t>,  by  aimJn;:;  t^^o  hijih,  and  at  I.  st 
brinr  yourselt  to  an  entire  state  of  in-'gnifiCance  and  con- 
te.npt. 

Often  have  we  S'^en,  that  wh  ;■  v.e  con^ideied  as  a  sore 
disappoiiitiueut  at  toe  time,  ima  proved  to  be  a  merciful 
S  ^2 


150  English  Eocercises.  ('Promiscuous, 

providence  in  the  i-sue  ;  and  that  it  would  have  been  so 
far  from  making  us  happy,  if  what  we  once  eargelj  wished 
for  had  been  obtained,  tliat  it  would  liave  produced  our  ruin. 

Can  the  stream  continue  to  advance,  when  it  is  deprived 
of  the  founrain  ?  Can  the  branch  improve  when  taken  from 
the  stock  wh;ch  gave  it  nourishment?  Dependent  spi'its 
can  no  more  b'  happy  when  parted  fr  >m  all  usiion  with  the 
Father  of  spirits  and  the  fou*  tain  of  happiness. 

Prosperity  is  reilou'ded  to  a  good  man,  by  means  of  the 
generous  ^se  which  hfi  makes  of  it  :  and  it  is  reflected  back 
upon  him  by  every  on?  whom  he  mat-i^-s  happy  :  for,  in  the 
esteem  and  good  wdl  of  all  who  know  him,  in  the  gratitude 
of  depend(^nts,  in  the  attachment  .f  rriends,  and  the  inter- 
course of  domestic  aft'ction,  he  sees  blessings  multiplied 
round  him  on  every  side. 

Wl^oevir  would  pass,  v\ith  honour  and  decency,  the  Wt- 
ter  part  of  life,  must  consider  when  !ie  is  young,  that  one 
day  he  shall  be  old;  and  remember  that  when  he  is  old,  he 
has  once  bi  en  young  :  he  must  lay  up  knovvh^lge  in  youth 
for  his  support,  when  his  powers  of  actinji  shall  forsake  im  ; 
and  fo  bear  to  animadvert  in  age,  with  ri-our,  on  fuults 
which  experience  can  alone  corre^^t. 

Let  us  <  onsider  that  youth  is  of  no  long  duration  :  and 
that  when  the  enchantments  of  fancy  in  maturer  age  shall 
cease,  and  phantoms  no  raore  dance  about  us.  we  shall  have 
no  comforts  but  wise  men's  esteem,  the  approbation  of  our 
hearts,  and  the  me'^ns  of  doing  go(  d  :  ard  let  U'»  live  as 
in'^n  that  are  to  grow  old  some  time,  and  'o  whom  o>  all 
evils  it  will  be  the  most  dreadful,  to  count  their  y  ars  past 
only  by  follies,  and  to  be  reMnnded  of  their  f.imer  luxuri- 
ance of  health,  by  the  maladies  only  whicii  riot  has  produ- 
ced- 


APPENDIX. 

CONTAINING  EXA3MPLES,  TO  ASSIST  THE  STUDENT  IN  TRANS- 
POSING THE  PARTS  OF  SENTENCES,  AND   IN  VARYING 
THE    FORM  OF  EXPRESSING  A  SENTIMENT. 

M  O*^" 

CHAPTER  I. 

Oyi  transfiosing  tlte  !?ie?7iders  of  a  s€72tence. 

The  practice  of  transposing  the  members  of  sentences,  is 
an  exercise  so  use&l  to  young  persons,  that  it  requires  a  more 
particular  explanation,  than  could  have  been  properly  given 
in  the  preceding  work. 

A  few  of  he  various  modes  in  which  the  parts  of  a  sentence 
may  be  arranged,  have,  therefore,  been  collected ;  and  they 
are',  with  other  matter,  produced  in  the  form  of  an  Appendix 
to  the  general  Exercises.  By  examining  them  attentively, 
the  student  will  perceive,  in  some  degree,  the  nature  and  ef- 
fect of  transposition  ;  and,  by  behig  frequently  exercised  ia 
showing  iis  variety  in  other  sentences,  he  will  obtain  a  facility 
in  the  operation  ;  and  a  dexterity  in  discovering  and  applying, 
on  all  occasions,  the  clearest  and  most  forcible  arrangement. 
By  this  practice  he  will  also  be  able  more  readil  to  penetrate 
the  meaning  of  such  sentences,  as  are  rendered  obscure  and 
perplexing  to  most  readers,  by  the  in'egolar  disposition  of  their 
parts. 

The  first  and  last  forms  of  each  class  of  examples,  are  to  be 
considered  as  the  least  exce     ionable. 

The  Roman  state  evidently  declined,  in  prop  riion  to  the 
incre;ise  of  luxury. 

The  Roman  state  in  proportion  to  the  increase  of  luxury, 
e\  iueutly  declined. 

In  proportion  to  the  increase  of  luxury,  the  Roman  state  ev- 
idently declined. 

I  am  willing  to  remit  all  that  is  past,  provided  it  may  be 
done  with  s;ik  ty. 

I  am  willing,  provided  it  may  be  done  with  safety,  to  remit 
all  that  is  past. 

Provided  it  may  be  done  with  safety,  I  am  willing  to  remi 
all  that  is  past. 

That  gi-eatness  of  mind  which  shows  itself  in  dangers  aivd 
labours,  if  it  w;  i.ts  justice,  is  i).  mable. 

I  that  greatness  oi  mind,  wV  ch  shows  itself  in  dangers  and 
labours,  is  \  oid  of  justice,  it  is  blamable. 

That  greatness  of  mind  is  blamable,  which  shows  itself  in 
dangers  and  labours,  if  it  wants  justice. 

If  that  greatness  of  mi  ui  is  void  'ustice,  which  shows  ft- 
self  ia  dangers  and  labours,  U  U  blamable. 


152  Jlfpendix, 

That  greatness  of  mind  is  blamable,  if  it  is  void  of  justice, 
which  shovv's  itself  in  dan;:rers  and  labours. 

If  it  wants  justice,  that  gTettta..  s  of  mind,  which  shows  it- 
self in  dangers  and  labours,  is  bla:,  able. 

He  who  made  light  to  spring  from  primeval  darkness,  will 
make  order,  at  last,  to  arise  frcm  the  seeming  confusion  of  the 
world. 

From  the  seeming  con  "usion  of  the  world.  He  who  made 
light  to  spring  from  primeval  darkness,  will  make  order,  at 
last,  to  arise. 

He  who  made  light  to  spring  from  primeval  darkness,  will, 
from  the  seeming  confusion  of  the  world,  make  order  at  last 
to  arise. 

He  wlio  made  light  to  spring  from  primeval  darkness,  will, 
at  last,  from  the  seeming  confusion  oi  the  world,  make  order  to 
arise. 

He  will  make  order,  at  last,  to  arise  from  the  seeming  con- 
fusion of  tlie  world,  who  made  light  to  spring  from  primeval 
darkness. 

From  the  seeming  confusion  of  the  world.  He  will  make 
order,  at  last,  to  arise,  who  made  light  to  spring  from  primeval 
darkness. 

He  who  m  de  light  to  spring  from  primeval  darkness,  will, 
at  last,  make  order  to  arise,  from  the  seeming  confusion  of  the 
world. 

Whoever  considers  the  uncertainty  of  human  affairs,  and 
how  frequently  the  greatest  hopes  are  frustrated  ;  will  see  just 
reason  to  be  always  on  his  guard,  and  not  to  place  too  much 
dependence  on  things  so  precarious. 

He  will  see  just  reason  to  be  always  on  his  guard,  and  not  to 
place  too  much  dependence  on  the  precarious  things  of  time; 
who  considers  the  uncertainty  of  human  affairs,  and  how  often 
the  greatest  hopes  are  frustrated. 

I^et  us  not  conclude,  while  dangers  are  at  a  distance,  and  do 
not  imn:ediately  api>roarh  us,  that  we  are  secure  ;  unless  we 
use  the  necessary  precautions  to  prevent  them. 

Unless  we  use  the  necessary  precautions  to  prevent  dangers, 
let  us  not  conclude,  while  they  are  at  a  distance,  and  do  not  im- 
mediately approach  us,  that  we  are  secure. 

Unless  we  use  the  necessary  precautions  to  prevent  danrrers, 
let  us  not  conclude  that  we  are  secure,  while  they  are  at  a  dis- 
tance, and  do  not  immediately  approach  us. 

I^et  us  not  conclude  that  we  are  secure,  while  dangers  are  at 
a  distance,  and  do  not  immedi  tely  approach  us,  unless  we  us'e 
the  necessarv  precuut.ons  to  prevent  them. 

While  dangers  are  at  a  distance,  and  do  not  immediately  ap- 
proach us,  let  us  not  conclude  that  we  are  secure,  unless  we 
use  the  necessary  prec  lutions  to  prevent  them. 

"s^ose  things  which  appear  great  to  cme  who  knows  nothing 


*3pmnd{x.  l^S 

greater,  "vvill  sink  into  a  diminulive  size,  when  he  becomes  ac- 
quainted with  objects  of  a  higher  nature. 

When  one  becomes  acquainted  with  objects  of  a  higher  na- 
ture, those  things  which  appeared  great  to  him  whilst  he  knew 
nothing  greater,  will  sink  into  a  diminutive  size. 

To  one  who  knows  nothing  greater,  those  things  which  then 
appear  gi'eat,  will  sink  into adiminutive  size,  v.hen he  becomes 
acc^uainted  with  objects  of  a  higher  nature. 

CHAP.  II. 
On  variety  of  expression. 

Besides  tlic  practice  of  transposing  the  parts  of  sentences, 
the  Compiler  recommends  to  tutors,,  frequently  to  exercise 
their  pupils,  in  exliibiting  some  of  the  various  modes  in  wiiich 
the  same  sentiment  may  be  properly  expressed.  I'his  prac- 
tice will  extend  their  knowledge  of  the  language,  afford  a  vari- 
ety of  expression,  and  habituate  iliem  to  deliver  their  senti- 
ments with  clearness,  ease,  and  propriety.  It  will  likewise  en- 
able those  who  may  be  engaged  in  studying  other  languages, 
not  on  .  to  construe  them,  with  more  facility  into  English  ;  but 
also  to  observe  and  apply  more  readily,  many  of  the  turns  and 
phrases,  which  are  best  adapted  to  the  genius  of  those  hmgua- 
ges.  A  few  examples  ottliis  kind  of  exercise,  will  be  sufticient 
to  explain  the  nature  of  it,  and  to  show  its  utility. 

The  brother  deserved  censui*e  more  than  his  sister. 

The  sister  was  less  reprehensible  than  her  brother. 

The  sister  did  not  deserve  reprehension  so  much  as  her  bro- 
ther. 

Reproof  was  more  due  to  the  brother  than  to  the  sister. 

I  will  attend  the  conference,  if  I  cun  do  it  con\  eniently. 

I  intend  to  be  at  the  conference,  unless  it  should  be  inconven- 
ient. 

If  I  can  do  it  with  convenience,  I  pui-pose  to  be  present  at  the 
conference. 

If  it  can  be  done  without  inconvenience,  I  shall  not  faU  to  at- 
tend the  conference. 

1  shall  not  absent  myself  from  the  conference,  unless  circum- 
staiit  es  render  it  necessary. 

JJc  wh(>  lives  always  in  the  bustle  of  the  world,  lives  in  a  per- 
petual wariare. 

To  live  continually  in  the  bustle  of  the  world,  is  to  live  in 
pci-petual  wai'lare. 

By  Uving  cons  antly  in  the  bustle  of  the  world,  our  life  be- 
comes a  scene  of  contention. 

It  is  a  continual  warfare,  to  live  perpetually  in  the  bustle  of 
the  world. 

The  hurr\-  of  the  world,  tohim  who  always  lives  in  it,  is  a  per- 
petual conflict. 


>-M 


CONTENTS. 

PART  1. 

Exercises  in  Parsing-. 

2'age 
CHAP.  1.  Exercises  in  Parsing,  as  it  respects  Etymology  alone  11 

2.  Exercises  in  Pai*sing,  as  it  respects  both  Etymology 

and  Syntax .--  22 

PART  II. 

Exercises  in  Orthography. 

CHAP.  1.  Instances  of  false  Orthogi-aphy,  arranged  under  the  re- 
spective Rules        -------  33 

2.  Listances  of  false  Orthography,  proBQiscuously  disposed  38 

PART  III. 

Exercises  in  Syntax. 

CHAP.  t.  Instances  of  false  Syntax,  disposed  under  the  partiau- 

lar  Rules  - -  47 

2.  Instances  of  false  Syntax  promiscuo.i sly  disposed        -  86 

PART  IV. 

Exercises  in  Punctuation. 
CHAP.  1.  Sentences  which  i-< quire  tlie  application  of  the  Com- 
ma, disposed  under  the  particular  Rules        -         -  S9 

2.  Sentences  ■which  require  the  insertion  of  tbe  Semico- 

lon and  Comma        =        =        --._-  jog 

CHAP.  3  Sentences  requiring  the  application  of  the  (lolon,  &c.        "■'"        107 

4.  Sentences  which  require  the  insertion  of  the  Period  108 

5.  Sentences  rtjquiring  the  application  of  the  Dash ;    of 

the  Notes  ot  Interrogf.ticn  and  Exclamation  ;  and  of  the 
Parentjjctical  Characters         -        -        ...  109 

€.  Promiscuous  instances  oi  defective  Punctuation        -  .11^ 

Exercises  to  promote  persp  cimus  and  accurate  Writing, 
PART  V. 
First,  With  respect  to  single  Words  and  Phrases. 
chaP.  1.  Violations  of  the  Rules  oi  Piu-ity         ...  jjg 

'2.  Vioifitions  of  the  Rules  of  Pro[»riety        -        -        -  119 

3.  Violations  of  the  Ruh  s  of  Precision         ...  124 

Secondly,  With  respect  to  the  Construction  oj  Se?ifences. 

CHAP.  I.  Sentences  in  which  the  Rules  of  Olenmess  are  violated  125 

2.  Seiitences  in  which  the  Rules  of  Dn.ty  are  violated  130 

3.  Sentences    in  which    the    Uules   for    Promoting  the 

Stiei'gth  o*"  a  sentencr  are  violated         .         -         -  J32 

4.  Instances  of  an  irregular  ii«e  rf  Figures  of  Speech  141 

5.  A  iolatioi.s  of  the  Rules  respecting  pt^rfpicuousand  ac- 

cui-aie  writing,  promiscnousl}  disposed  142 

APPENDIX. 

CEAJP.  I.  On  tra- f>posin?f  t'le  nienbers  of  a  sentence        -  151 

2,  On  Yariety  of  expressiou        -        -        -        .        *  -15,3 


YA  04442 


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